First, China's socio-economic and political situation does not allow it to take the capitalist road. China's national capitalism began to sprout in the second half of the19th century, but it never developed into an independent force due to the oppression of imperialism and feudalism. The national bourgeoisie has not completely severed its ties with imperialism and feudalism economically, nor has it the courage and strength to oppose imperialism and feudalism politically. Their weakness and vacillation determine that they have no ability to completely overthrow feudal rule, overthrow imperialism and strive for national independence, and can only rely on international capitalism for survival and development. China failed to develop into an independent and complete capitalist society, and this situation has not changed because of the ruling of the Kuomintang. After the Kuomintang came to power, it neither fulfilled its promise of "equal land rights" nor realized its proposition of "developing national industry and commerce". On the contrary, it accumulated a lot of wealth with feudal bureaucratic capital attached to imperialism and "four big families", which made China sink deeper and deeper into the quagmire of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. Disappointed with the Kuomintang regime, ordinary people and intellectuals in China firmly stood on the side of China's * * * production party. Democratic parties clearly expressed their support for China's political and economic proposition of transforming old China and opening up new roads. Even intellectuals who advocate the third way are not opposed to the implementation of the socialist economic system in China. China embarked on the socialist road through the new-democratic revolution, winning the support of workers and peasants, the approval of intellectuals and the support of democratic parties.
Second, the conditions of the times and the new features of the international environment prompted the people of China to choose the socialist road. China chose the socialist road in the era of imperialism and proletarian revolution. In order to accomplish the two historical tasks in modern times and realize its own development, China must get rid of the shackles of imperialism and adapt to the contemporary progressive trend. Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out: "The purpose of imperialist powers' aggression against China is by no means to turn feudal China into capitalist China." Their purpose is to occupy China's market, plunder China's resources and leave China in a colonial and semi-colonial state. The contradiction between China people and imperialism determines that China should choose the socialist road. The outbreak of World War I and the economic crisis that swept the world in 1930s triggered economic, political and religious panic in the capitalist world, which made the attraction of capitalism decline. At that time, the socialist country, the Soviet Union, flourished and made brilliant achievements in economic construction. Under the impact of the economic crisis, the capitalist countries stepped up their economic plunder of China, and even the Japanese brazenly launched a war of aggression against China. The national crisis urges people to find a new way out. The socialist Soviet Union provided China with a brand-new system choice and a new social model. Most intellectuals in China attributed the success of the Soviet Union to its socialist system and Marxism. Therefore, taking the Russian road has become the knowledge of many advanced elements. The influence of the socialist ideological trend in China has expanded rapidly, and choosing the socialist road has become the aspiration of the people and the general trend.
Third, the leading force of China Revolution decided that China must take the socialist road. To accomplish China's two historical tasks since modern times, the first task is to accomplish the democratic revolution. Judging from the characteristics of various social classes and strata in China, the peasant class is the greatest force of the democratic revolution, but due to their economic and cultural conditions, they are scattered and backward. The national bourgeoisie has a strong desire to develop the capitalist economy, but because it is inextricably linked with imperialism and feudalism, it has no thorough anti-imperialist and anti-feudal courage and ability; The working class is the most advanced, revolutionary and organized class in China and the natural leading class of China's democratic revolution. Therefore, the democratic revolution in China can only be a new-democratic revolution led by the proletariat. As the vanguard of the proletariat, the China Production Party naturally became the leader of the new-democratic revolution. In China, only the China Party and no other political forces can put forward a correct program, unite all progressive forces, fundamentally solve the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal problems in China, and solve the problems of realizing people's democracy and safeguarding national unity in China. The proletariat, as the leading class, and the Chinese production party, as the leader, will inevitably lead the new-democratic revolution to socialism after its completion. As Comrade Mao Zedong said, between these two stages, "it is not allowed to cross a stage of bourgeois dictatorship". This determines that China must take the socialist road.
It can be seen that China's choice of the socialist road instead of the capitalist road is not determined by the subjective will of any political party or some people, but the choice of the people of China, including workers, peasants, national bourgeoisie, petty bourgeoisie and other social strata, which is the inevitable result of historical development.