Cover (also called cover 1, cover, book cover)
The cover is printed with the title, author, translator's name and publisher's name. Cover plays a role in beautifying books and protecting book blocks.
∷ Li Feng (also known as Feng Er)
Refers to the back page of the cover. Envelopes are generally blank, but they are often used in journals to print catalogues or related pictures.
∷ Closed bottom (also known as closed three)
Refers to the inside page of the back cover. The back cover is generally a blank page, but it is often used to print words and pictures outside the text or other words in periodicals.
Back cover (also called fourth cover and bottom cover)
Books are printed with uniform book numbers and pricing at the lower right of the back cover, while periodicals are printed with copyright pages on the back cover, or used to print non-literal words and pictures such as catalogues.
Spine (also called spine seal)
The spine refers to the spine connecting the front cover and the back cover. The spine of the book is generally printed with the title of the book, the number of volumes (volumes, collections, volumes), the author's name, the translator's name and the name of the publishing house, which is easy to find.
Book crown
A book crown refers to the part with the title printed on the cover.
Shujiao
Footprint refers to the part with the name of the publishing unit printed under the cover.
Title page (also called back cover or sub-cover)
The title page refers to the page after the cover or lining of a book and before the text. The title page is generally printed with the title of the book, the name of the author or translator, the publishing house and the year of publication. The title page also plays a decorative role, increasing the aesthetic feeling of books.
insert
Insert refers to a single page printed and inserted in books and periodicals, with pictures or tables printed, and the layout is beyond the scope of the layout. Sometimes it also refers to a page whose layout does not exceed the layout, the paper is the same size as the layout, but printed with a different paper or color from the original.
Chapter page (also called middle title page or separator page)
A chapter page refers to a single page with the name of a chapter, editorial or chapter printed on the first line at the beginning of each chapter in the text. The chapter page can only be left blank, with single code and double code. After the double code is inserted into the text page, it is generally calculated according to the password or regardless of the page number. Chapter pages are sometimes printed on colored paper to show the difference.
catalogue
Catalogue is a record of chapter and section titles in books and periodicals, which plays the role of subject index and is convenient for readers to find. The table of contents is usually placed in front of the main body of books and periodicals (due to the limitation of the number of printed pages of periodicals, the table of contents is often placed on the second, third or fourth cover).
Copyright page
Copyright page refers to the record page of the version. The copyright page shall record the title of the book, the name of the author or translator, the publisher, publishing house, printer, edition number, number of copies, format, number of words, date of publication, pricing, book number and other items according to relevant regulations. Book copyright pages are generally printed at the lower end of the back page of the title page. The copyright page is mainly to let readers know about the publication of books, and it is often attached to the text of books and periodicals.
index
Indexes are divided into subject index, content index, noun index, scientific name index, name index and so on. Indexes belong to written records outside the text, generally arranged after the text, with small font size and double columns. The index is marked with page numbers for readers to find. Index plays an important role in sci-tech books, which enables readers to find the information they need quickly.
format
Layout refers to the overall format of the text of books and periodicals, including the font, font size, core number, full column, double column, lines per page, words per line, line spacing and typesetting position of tables and pictures.
type page
Edition heart refers to the text on each page, including chapter, section title, text, drawings, tables, formulas, etc.
Sakaguchi
Plate mouth refers to the boundary of the center of the plate, in a sense, it refers to the center of the plate. Strictly speaking, the range is calculated by the area of the page, and the range is calculated by the periphery of the left, right, up and down.
Opening of Super Edition
Over-opening refers to the layout beyond the left and right or upper and lower opening limits. When a graph or a table exceeds the opening price, it is called an over-opening price graph or an over-opening price table.
Linear (vertical) layout
It refers to the version with lapels on the left, binding on the right, text printed from top to bottom and lines printed from right to left. Generally used in ancient books.
Horizontal layout
It is a version with hem on the right, seam on the left, text from left to right and lines from top to bottom.
headline news
The masthead, also known as "headline" and "headdress", is used to express the nature of an article or version and is also a decorative modification. The masthead is generally arranged above or in the upper left corner of the headlines of newspapers, magazines, poems and essays.
Break the fence
Hurdles are also called hurdles. Most newspapers and magazines are arranged in columns. This arrangement of pictures or tables that cannot be arranged in one column extends to another column and occupies multiple columns is called broken column arrangement.
The head in the sky
Vertex refers to the top margin of each page.
anchor
Feet refers to the bottom margin of each page.
Black page number
Also known as a password refers to a page that occupies a page number instead of a page number. Generally used for illustrations, inserted tables, blank pages or separator pages in the center of the over-edition.
page
A page has the same meaning as a piece of paper, and a page has two sides (the front and back sides of a page). It should be noted that the concept of the other page and the other side is different.
Start from another page
Starting a new page means that an article starts with a code (such as a collection of essays). If the first article ends with a single page number and the second article requires a new page, you need to leave a blank face with double codes at the end of the previous article, that is, put an empty code, and each article requires a new page arrangement, which is mostly used for single printing.
Start from the other side.
Starting from the other side means that an article can start from single and double codes, but it must start from the other side and cannot be connected with the previous article.
Notes in the table
Note refers to the notes and explanations of the form. Generally arranged at the bottom of the table, and some are arranged in the table frame. Generally, the length of table notes should not exceed the length of the table.
Myth; legend
Legend refers to the annotation and explanation of illustrations. Generally, it ranks below the topic of pictures, and a few rank above the topic of pictures. Generally speaking, the length of graphic annotations should not exceed the length of graphics.
Return to the topic
Duality means that the index questions are arranged at the end of one side, and there is no text behind them. Backquestions are forbidden in typesetting specifications, and they should be avoided as far as possible. The solution is to add lines to this page, shrink or leave a blank at the end, and move the title to the next page.
Glossary of printing terms-bleeding:
Any image that goes beyond the cutting line or enters the book slot. Bleeding must really exceed the preset height line, so as to allow a little dislocation when trimming, cutting or binding.
-Total bleeding:
(Total Bleeding) The part of the printed image that exceeds the four edges of the paper. Since almost no printing machine can print on the edge of paper, all four sides of the side must be cut off.
- CIElab:
In the device-independent color space, color is usually described by three variables (L, A, B).
- CMYK:
Cyan, magenta, yellow and black-four printing colors. YMCK and KCMY are synonyms for CMYK. YMCK may be a spelling mistake caused by people's habits, while KCMY may be Nebrasks's.
Some radio station. In printing, the order of letters may also imply the printing order of four-color printing. Therefore, KCMY often indicates that ink is printed in black, cyan, magenta and yellow.
-Client/Server: (Client/Server)
A central control computer called a server is associated with a distributed computer called a client. Clients can use software on the server to complete specific tasks.
-Color gamut: (Color gamut)
All colors that a color printer can handle.
-color separation: (color separation)
A method of converting a manuscript into a structural form compatible with a color printing process.
-color space: (color space)
Three-dimensional or four-dimensional positioning coordinate systems, each representing a color defined by three (RGB) or four (CMYK) variables.
-Tangents: (crop marks)
A line printed on the periphery of the paper to indicate the cutting position.
-Density: (Density)
Reflectance density refers to the shading ability of the surface; Transmission density refers to the shading ability of the filter.
-Direct plate making: (Direct plate making)
Also called CTP (computer-to-plate), the typeset digital page file is directly output from the host computer to the laser printer, which saves the production of negative film.
-Download: (Download)
To transfer data from one computer to another computer or a printer.
-Phototypesetter: (film typesetter)
Another external name of laser imagesetter, which is mainly used to make image splitters.
-Four-color printing: (Four-color printing)
If three primary colors (yellow, magenta and cyan) and black are printed by subtractive method, if orange and chestnut are printed by brown ink, it should be called "four-color printing" instead of "four-color printing".
Called "spot color printing" or "spot color printing".
-Gray balance: (gray balance)
Important characteristics of color reproduction process. The mixing of cyan, magenta and yellow inks or colorants can produce neutral gray of achromatic color in the color space.
-Printing:
The process of transferring graphic information from the manuscript to the substrate by printing plate or other methods.
-Lithography:
A method of printing by lithography.
-offset lithography:
A printing method in which the pictures and texts on a printing plate are printed on an intermediate carrier (rubber drum) and then transferred to the substrate.
-Offset press:
According to the principle of indirect printing, a lithographic printing machine, in which a printing plate transfers pictures and texts to a substrate through a blanket transfer cylinder for printing.
-Printing technology:
Various specifications, processes and operation methods of printing are realized.
-DTP (Desktop Publishing System)
Desktop publishing: input images and words into the computer, use the computer to process the images and draw graphics, and then put the graphics, images and words together into a whole page.
Surface and electronic layout are output by laser imagesetter and become the original printed matter.
-CTP (computer-to-plate) computer-to-plate:
With the further development of printing technology, not only the original manuscript can be made directly, but also the direct interface between computer publishing system and printing machine can be realized, from the original manuscript to printing in one step.
-Indirect printing:
A printing method, which transfers the ink in the graphic part of the printing plate to the surface of the substrate by transferring the intermediate carrier.
-Original:
Graphic information on the object or carrier on which plate making is based.
-printing plate:
A printing graphic carrier used to transfer ink to the substrate. It is usually divided into four categories: relief, intaglio, lithography and stencil.
-Substrate raw materials:
Various substances that can accept ink or absorb pigments and present pictures and texts.
-plate making:
According to the process of copying the manuscript to the printed version.
-Image copy:
Copy the image manuscript by manual, lighting and electronic plate-making methods.
-Halftone, screen tone:
Screen tone expressed by dot size.
-Positive image:
In black-and-white and color reproduction, an image whose hue and gray tone are consistent with the copied object.
-Negative image:
In black-and-white and color reproduction, an image whose hue and gray tone are opposite to those of the copied object.
-color separation:
The process of decomposing a color manuscript into a monochrome version.
-Computer photo typesetting system;
A set of typesetting equipment consisting of character and typesetting instruction input device, proofreading device, proofreading output device, control device and phototypesetting host.
-Text composition:
The process of typesetting a text manuscript into a specific format according to the design requirements.
-make-up:
Combine words, charts, etc. According to the design requirements.
-Print Down Print:
The process of transferring negative or positive information to a printing plate or other photosensitive material by contact exposure.
-proofing:
Copy the proof from the combined graphic information.
-Pre-coated pre-sensitized plate:
If the photosensitive layer is precoated, the lithographic printing plate can be printed at any time, which is called "PS" plate.
-Finishing after press:
A production process, such as binding, that enables printed matter to obtain the required shape and performance.
-Perfect printing on both sides:
Using two different printing plates, both sides can be printed on the same substrate at the same time.
-Print the original:
Graphic negative for printing.
You may also be interested in the following contents: printing technical terms, English printing terms, printing English terms, computer terms, automobile terms, mobile phone terms, mathematical terms, stock market terms, housing construction terms, printing knowledge, printing websites, international trade terms, trade terms, foreign trade terms, computer terms 1. Paper commonly used in printing.
Newsprint: Newsprint is mainly used for printing newspapers and some relief books and periodicals. Paper is soft, elastic and plastic, has strong ink absorption ability and certain mechanical strength, and can be applied to various high-speed rotary printing. This kind of paper is mostly wood pulp, containing more lignin and impurities. Easy to turn yellow and brittle, poor water resistance, not suitable for long-term storage.
Letterpress printing paper: This paper is special for letterpress printing. Its properties are similar to newsprint. Its water resistance, color purity and paper smoothness are slightly better than newsprint, and its ink absorption is more uniform, but its ink strength is worse than newsprint.
Offset paper: Offset paper is a kind of offset printing paper, which is divided into single-sided offset paper and double-sided offset paper. Single-sided offset paper is mainly used for printing posters and packaging boxes. Double sided coated paper is mainly used for printing picture books and pictures. Offset paper has compact texture, low flexibility and strong water resistance, which can effectively prevent the paper from deformation, dislocation, napping and powder removal during multi-color overprinting. It can keep the good color purity of printed matter.
Offset coated paper: also known as coated paper, is a kind of high-grade paper coated with an inorganic coating and then super calendered. Paper has a smooth surface and high color purity, and can get more fine and smooth dots when printing, which can better reproduce the layering of the manuscript. It is widely used in art pictures, picture albums, commercial leaflets and so on.
Gravure paper: Gravure paper is white and firm, with good smoothness and water resistance. Mainly used for printing banknotes, stamps and other high-quality printed matter, which is not easy to copy.
Whiteboard paper: Whiteboard paper is a kind of paper with uniform fiber structure, filler and rubber components on the surface and a coating on the surface, which is made by multi-roll calendering. The paper has high color purity, uniform ink absorption and good folding resistance, and is mainly used for commodity packaging boxes, commodity surface linings, picture wall charts and the like.
Synthetic paper: Synthetic paper is made of chemical raw materials such as olefins and some additives. It has the characteristics of soft texture, strong tensile strength, high water resistance, light resistance, cold and heat resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, no environmental pollution and good air permeability. Widely used for printing high-grade artworks, maps, picture books, high-grade books and periodicals, etc.
Second, the common imposition methods can be divided into the following categories:
1, single-sided: This method refers to those printed materials that only need to be printed on one side, such as posters, which only need to be printed on the front and not on the back.
2. Double-sided type: commonly known as "base plate", it refers to printed matter that needs to be printed on both sides, such as some small leaflets, small posters, cards, etc.
3. Horizontal rotation: commonly known as "self-copying" and "turning over the original", suitable for magazines, books and periodicals. For example, there is a magazine cover of 16, which is divided into four pages, namely cover 1, cover 2, cover 3 and cover 4, and needs to be printed. In imposition, cover one and cover four are placed horizontally together, and then cover one and cover four are combined into one.
4. Flip-over: After printing on one side of the paper with the same printing plate, turn the paper over and print the back side, but take the other long side of the paper as the "undercut". This method is commonly known as "tipping bucket", but few people use this method anymore.
Third, what to do before the output?
1, Simplify EPS image-If the ultimate reason is that in PostSript file, too complicated path is the chief culprit that leads to the file not printing correctly. Too many node paths or too low smoothing settings will increase the complexity of files, lead to the crash of laser printers or imagesetters, and lead to fatal "Limitcheck" or "VM error”PostSript errors. Especially when sending files to high-resolution output devices, you should divide complex paths in Illustrator or Macromedia and set high smoothness, or use the instructions in FreeHand to simplify paths. When making AdobeStreamline strokes, path simplification is used to reduce the complexity of paths. When the selection becomes a clipping path, use high tolerance readings in Photoshop to reduce the number of nodes. Do not nest EPS images into other EPS files. Like this: enter several EPS pictures into Illustrator file, save them as EPS, put them into a QuarkXPress page, save this page as EPS, and then put them into another QuarkXPress file. If we are lucky, that document will be printed. However, as each layer is put into EPS, the chances of success will be less and less. If you have to convert a whole page of QuarkXPress EPS into a Photoshop file. Let Photoshop convert the file into a raster image and save it as Photoshop's EPS or TIFF. Neither of these formats adds an extra layer to PostSript.
2, make the gradient smooth-using QuarkXPress and Illustrator to calculate the gradient, the effect is very good in a short distance of a few inches, but if you try to make a small gradient on the whole page, the limitation of PostSript may lead to a ribbon effect. Make the gradient into a raster image in Photoshop (add noise by using), and then import it into other applications. However, you can't use Photoshop to work with layers made in Illustrator. Compared with the gradient generated directly in Photoshop palette, the Illustrator file processed by Photoshop cannot generate an ideal intermediate gradient.
3. Use fonts well-many output centers don't want to see TrueType words, and PostSript has become the standard. TrueType usually has the same name as the corresponding PostSript word, which will cause conflicts. TrueType must be manually downloaded to RIP of imagesetter, which is time-consuming. Please contact the output center in advance. Do not use font commands to produce bold or italic effects. You'd better choose the desired font effect directly from the font menu of the application software. If the font doesn't have the desired thick or oblique effect, using the font command, the MAC will forge a bold or italic effect for each word, but this is only on the screen. If you print it on a printer, the final print will look like it has never been used at all. So, what's the effect of using underscores? Don't use fonts that don't have their own effects, use fonts with font commands. If the font you use has beautiful serif or fine strokes (Bodoni is a good example) and the size of the words is set to be small, don't separate the words. Otherwise, even if the printing plate is slightly misaligned, it will cause misregister of the most sensitive part.
4. Color conversion-Before sending the file to the output, the RGB color should be converted to CMYK. Of course, RGB colors look good on the screen, and many professionals prefer to use RGB mode, but do you know? What will these RGB images look like after color separation or printing (many typesetting software could not even separate RGB images in the past). Convert the image to CMYK format (in Photoshop or other software that can do this conversion) before putting it into typesetting software or sending it to the output center. Make sure that spot colors are not designated as spot colors, or on the contrary, spot colors are designated as spot colors. Such a mistake may ruin a movie. If your time is precious, paying for a movie yourself is definitely not what you want. Make sure that the color you define in the typesetting software has the same name as the color used in the image processing software. Otherwise, the typesetting software will treat the separations defined in Illustrator and FreeHand as spot colors. Now, QuarkXPress and PageMaker can recognize this color and add the color name contained in any EPS file placed in it to the color list. Therefore, this danger is not too great, but I want to mention it to you here.
5. Use numbers-Now every typesetting software provides two methods to determine the size and position of page elements. One is the perceptual method of clicking and dragging the mouse, and the other is the objective method of inputting numbers from various dialog boxes and control panels. The only correct way to ensure that the width of a box is exactly one and a half inches is to enter 1.5 "in the width column, instead of using the purpose or aligning the reference lines and dimensions.
6. Set the typesetting page to the actual size-in the unsatisfactory days before, prepress workstations and imagesetters could not record bleeding beyond the page range. If you want to get the correct bleeding, you must change the page size in typesetting software to adjust the actual page size and bleeding. This must have a large page size, so that the cutting line can be drawn and placed by hand, which is easy to make mistakes. Today's prepress equipment is no longer hindered by these restrictions (today's imagesetters can record larger formats and use wider films). Most printing devices suggest setting the file size to the actual size of the page, so that the application software can automatically generate correctly positioned cutting lines.
7. organize documents-talking about this may be redundant for veterans, but it has to be strengthened for novices. In addition to taking away all the image files used in the file, we should also take the dot matrix characters (screen display) and outline characters (printer use) used in the file to the output center. At present, most typesetting software is similar to QuarkXPress's command to collect and output documents, which can get detailed reports about documents and automatically copy documents to a folder, floppy disk or SyQuest disk. If the output center is configured higher, they will definitely have Adobe fonts, so you don't need to bring words.
8. Check the documents-did you hear what you can and can't do in steps 4 and 7? Actually, it's a very simple check. The inspection should include: checking every missing page element, colors that are not correctly defined and PostSript errors. Check tools are as simple as Document Doctor for QuarkXPress of Lepton Technology or CheckList for PageMaker of Adobe, and as complex as LaserCheck of Mei Lite or Download Mechanical System of Acquired Knowledge. Panther Proof or Adobe Preview Pro can perform a screen preview of low-resolution output, so that you can check and solve common PostScript errors before output. "Huayan Proofing" software has the powerful function of finally checking whether the document is wrong.
9. When printing the proofing output file, please indicate the color separation. If you can't find a color printer around, the color labeling method used in the past is very useful. You also need to enlarge each color separation, which is very useful for hollowing out overprint!
10, call the output center-not at the end of the workflow-but at the beginning. Many output problems can be avoided by finally contacting the person in charge of output. Don't think that good-looking files on the MAC screen must meet the requirements of the output center, just as good as printed ones. Be sure to know the resolution (lines per inch), ink and paper used for printing. Then set the corresponding number of network cables in the application software. When making negative film, you should explain it to the output staff, otherwise the output staff will give you positive film as usual. Time is precious to every publisher. Did the 10 tips of the above printing experts save you some time? I hope the introduction of 10 above can bring you some enlightenment, and the original output is not terrible. The transparency effect in vector software should be combined with the base map, otherwise fine white lines will appear in proofing, because Postscrip3 3 does not support transparency now, so the transparency you do will be converted into blocks of pictures.
Do not use font effects (Chinese characters) in Pagemaker.
It is best not to rotate the EPS diagram in Pagemaker.
If the black text must be stamped, otherwise it may be inaccurate. If you do spot color, you'd better print it twice and make a size version.
Text smaller than 16 point (350dpi) cannot be entered in Photoshop.
In vector software such as Illustrator, Freehand and Corldarw, the printing resolution should be set above 800dpi.
It's best to mix at most three printing colors so that the colors won't be dirty. It is best to add 50% blue to the printing plate, and
Don't use the default black in Photoshop, four-color black is easy to print gray.
Description: EPS is a file format, which can be used across platforms without damage, and can keep the format of the original software and import it into another software.
Series use
Postscript is a printing font standard, which is simply a relatively clear vector font standard.
Fourth, prepress
1. White exposure/white leakage: the printing paper is mostly white. When printing or plate making, the color of the connection is not dense, revealing the background color of white paper.
2. Whitening: the photographic plate-making process in the net-hanging era. In order to remedy the lack of sensitivity of the dark part of the online picture, we can remove the original picture and flash it once, or put a piece of paper for exposure, or flash white light directly with a flash to increase the depth of the original picture and make the image soft.
3. Burst fat: Overeating will certainly make you fat. If you feel lighter, the film will expand its territory. Manual overprinting is also exposure and fertilization in photosensitive film and transparent thick film.
4. Color trapping: In color separation and plate making, the color intersection is intentionally expanded to reduce the influence of misregister.
5. Field: refers to the area of color blocks without dots, usually referring to the full version.
6. Anti-white: Do you use negative lines for words or lines? Printing exposes white paper.
7. Screen collision: In the process of color separation of AM screen, the angular distribution of dots is wrong, or the angular spacing between screens is less than 25, and the moire pattern begins to be obvious.
8. Flying net: the screen hanging process of lens plate making. After normal exposure, remove the screen, supplement the short exposure and increase the contrast.
9. Dog teeth: Dogs have uneven teeth. There are not enough pixels in the picture, and the edge appears dog-tooth shape after enlargement.
10. Rose spot: a network pattern like a deer. The bad one is called mat pattern, and the worse one is called turtle pattern.
1 1.Flushing: the instruction of layout sorting, with prefix as the baseline. Extended to imposition binding, based on the position of the head.
12. Loose tail: a way of typesetting. Only the word spacing is consistent, not the end of the line is neat.
13. Mask: It is a manual color separation mask. It can be used for film drying or red film cutting, and can be used for film rejection or color correction.
14. Blue version: not B (blue) of RGB, but C (cyan) version of CMYK.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) printing
1. Ghost: an image or shadow of unknown origin. Most of them are caused by uneven ink supply of old printing machines.
2. Guada: In the era of letterpress printing, "Mafia" used lower typesetting than literally positioning lead particles.
3. Fight: the bottom printing car has an automatic paper turning device, which bites the paper mouth to print the surface, and bites the paper tail to print the bottom in one go.
4. Reverse printing: refers to the printing method of saving plates. Let the paper finish printing on one side first, then turn the paper left and right, and after drying, turn the bottom surface upside down, which is called bottom surface reverse printing, and the tail of the paper is called bottom surface reverse printing. It is the process of printing the back of paper without changing the printing plate.
5. Ink flying: The printing machine rotates at high speed, the ink consistency is not enough, and the centrifugal force makes the ink splash.
6. Ink line: Draw a gauge line on the printing plate, so that it is printed on the position of the paper gauge, and the position of the needle can be seen at a glance.
7. Fouling: The printing plate is not hydrophilic enough and becomes lipophilic, of course, it is thin and greasy. The problem lies in the acidity of bottled water. The degree is wrong.
8. Gun: gun, commonly known as roller. The movement of rubber roller leaving impression cylinder.
9. Squeezing: Too much paper is sandwiched between the impression cylinder and the rubber roller, and the printing machine stops rotating due to safety induction.
10. What residue: ink stains that should not be printed on paper, and the problem also lies in the balance of ink and wash.
1 1. click: the press stops running, mostly because of poor paper feeding or double paper feeding triggering the safety device.
12. Needle position: the edge position of the gauge for printing paper. Does the paper have a length? Do you need a needle position for printing and cutting? Alignment.
13. continuous drying: a continuous printing process that saves film. Move the exposure with the positioning cross.
14. Overlimit: the term of printing accident. Refers to the ink layer is too thick and dry, polluting the back of the paper pressed on it.
15. headstock (dubbing): the headstock used for printing is not the captain, but the printing speed.
16. Stone number: the title of printing quantity in lithograph era. When stamping on paper, a stone is weighed in one color.
17. Second-hand: refers to the assistant of the printing machine, or the button.
18. Proofing: It is to pre-print a formal printing sample through a proofing machine.
19. feida: it is the feeding device of the printing machine.
Six, binding
1. color bleeding: the printing and binding process requires that the background color or picture of the page should exceed the cutting line by 3mm, which is called color bleeding.
2. Flash: flying, cutting and removing. Flash refers to removing the bleeding edge, which is a binding term.
3. Oblique cutting: Deformed, lopsided and right-angled water chestnut books are mostly caused by uneven paper brake pressure or improper paper grating.
4. Polishing: The surface of printed paper becomes smooth by calendering roller, which is a surface treatment process.
5. Japanese book folding machine origami. The fourth discount of the 32 nd edition folding method must be reversed.
6. Genuine: The format of the first code of the book edition is called genuine, and the format of the second code is called reverse edition. /ca & gt；
Mental health education is the need of healthy growth and all-round development of primary and secondary scho