First, the importance of cultivating students' mathematical application ability
The development of the times needs more high-quality talents. In addition to learning rich theoretical knowledge, they must apply what they have learned in order to promote the development of the times. The purpose of learning mathematics is to apply mathematics to solve practical problems. Therefore, it is an important content of quality education and one of the tasks of mathematics teaching to enhance students' mathematics application consciousness and cultivate students' mathematics application ability, so it is urgent to cultivate students' mathematics application ability.
Second, the basic ways to cultivate students' mathematical application ability
In our mathematics classroom teaching, more emphasis is placed on the explanation of definitions, the proof of theorems and the derivation of propositions, while ignoring the need to understand mathematics from life experience, so it is not difficult for students to understand the role of mathematics. In fact, in order to cultivate students' mathematical ability and accomplishment, I'm afraid we can't simply emphasize that "mathematics is the gymnastics of thinking", but we should cultivate students' consciousness of "using" mathematics from a broader scope. I think we should start with the following points:
1. Cultivate students' awareness of applying mathematics in life.
The application of mathematical knowledge is extensive, from macroscopic celestial movement to microscopic proton and neutron research, and even the vitality of some disciplines depends on the application degree of mathematical knowledge. Marx once pointed out: "A science is truly perfect only if it successfully applies mathematics." Life is full of mathematics, and people's eating, wearing, living and walking are all related to mathematics. For example, rich geometric figures can be identified by the cakes people eat; When buying clothes and shoes in shopping malls, you often encounter the problem of discounts; Income and expenditure during the period of housing transfer and purchase of new houses; The relationship between distance, speed and time in the journey. Mathematics teachers should be good at abstracting mathematics problems from students' lives, making students feel that mathematics is around them, making students feel that there is mathematics everywhere in their lives, and cultivating students' awareness of mathematics application.
2. Stimulate students' interest in learning with practical problems.
A large number of studies show that if the learning content is closer to students' familiar life background, students will accept knowledge faster and have a higher degree of acceptance. Therefore, in classroom teaching, we should combine the teaching content with students' life background as much as possible, introduce concepts from reality, put forward formulas and laws abstractly with examples, put forward axioms and theorems from actual needs, and introduce new lessons from practical problems close to students' lives to arouse students' interest in learning.
3. Integrating theory with practice, mathematical modeling of practical problems.
Mathematical model is a structure that expresses the main characteristics and relations of the process and phenomenon studied in a formal, universal and approximate way according to the research purpose. To highlight the application of mathematics, we should understand and implement application teaching from the height of establishing mathematical models, emphasize how to find and abstract mathematical problems from practical problems (this is the most important point in mathematical application education), and then try to solve problems with existing mathematical models (such as formulas, equations, inequalities, functions, quantities, etc.). ), and finally explain this practical problem with the results, which is a kind of "reality-theory-teaching". Establishing mathematical models through practical problems can cultivate students' awareness of mathematical application and their ability to transform practical problems into mathematical problems and abstract mathematical problems from practical problems.
4. Elaborate questions to cultivate students' application ability.
At present, most of the problems and test questions in Chinese mathematics textbooks are pure mathematics problems divorced from the actual background, or applied mathematics problems without background. Such training, over time, makes students have a strong ability to solve ready-made mathematical problems, but their ability to abstract practical problems into mathematical problems is very weak. Therefore, under the premise of following the teaching requirements, teachers can carefully compile some questions related to life and science, which can make students feel that mathematics is everywhere around them, thus making them sprout the desire to learn mathematics well and solve practical problems, and combining learning with application to improve students' application ability.
5. Strengthen extracurricular practice and use mathematical knowledge to enter life.
It is impossible to cultivate students' mathematical application ability to solve practical problems by relying solely on the classroom. In order to improve students' application ability, it is necessary to combine extracurricular activities with in-class activities. Teachers can arrange some extracurricular practical activities, or teachers can take students out of school, so that they can face practical problems, learn solutions and improve their abilities.
In short, teachers should creatively use teaching materials in the usual teaching process, and cultivate students to observe things around them with a mathematical eye; Make students have more opportunities to experience and explore; Leave more room for communication; Cultivate students' practical application ability of mathematics, realize the application in middle schools and schools, and let students feel that mathematics is everywhere in life and can't be separated from mathematics everywhere. We should consciously collect and sort out some practical problems that meet the needs of local life and production, increase homework and inquiry activities, find the breakthrough point for the transition to practical problems, make students understand the application value of mathematics, realize the subtle cultivation of students' mathematical application ability, and provide the possibility for cultivating innovative talents that adapt to the knowledge age.