1, the referee's working ability is one of the main contents of sports quality.
1. 1 is an essential ability for physical education teachers.
A qualified physical education teacher must have certain conditions, such as noble moral quality, extensive cultural knowledge, all-round sports ability and strong physique. All-around sports ability means that physical education teachers must master relevant theoretical knowledge, techniques, training methods and methods of organizing competitions and judging. For example, in track and field competitions, we should master the characteristics, techniques, tactics, competition rules and judging methods of "walking, running, jumping, throwing and all-around". On this basis, teachers can teach students all the knowledge and ability of sports events more comprehensively, and also make students systematic and continuous in accepting knowledge. At the same time, it can also make students better understand what they know, so as to internalize and sublimate sports knowledge. In particular, grass-roots physical education teachers need to master a variety of referee abilities, which is not only the needs of school physical education, but also the needs of society. Therefore, judging ability is one of the essential sports qualities for physical education teachers.
1. Second, the needs of national fitness and social sports.
With the rapid development of science and technology, the continuous improvement of productivity and the improvement of social civilization, people put forward higher requirements for physical quality and health. At the same time, people's living standards will be improved, working hours will be reduced, leisure time will be increased, and sports will become an indispensable part of people's daily life. Social sports, as an important part of China's sports undertakings, especially during the implementation of the Outline of the National Fitness Plan formulated and issued by the State Council, various sports competitions are being carried out in grass-roots towns, enterprises, troops and schools. For example, on New Year's Day in 2003, Dongzhuang Town, Putian City held a New Year's Day basketball championship. The whole town organized teams from the village, and 26 teams participated in the competition, requiring basketball national, national and national second-level referees to enforce the law. In terms of equipment specifications, it belongs to a high level. Such a formal referee team, which enforces the law for a basketball team composed of villages, embodies the competition consciousness of the stadium and the desire for fair referee and law enforcement. This fully shows that social sports really need sports referees with a certain degree of trust. It is not only a professional requirement, but also a requirement of the times to strengthen the cultivation of the referee ability of students majoring in physical education. The development of sports competition needs organizers who know the rules of competition and have the ability to judge. They are active participants and organizers of sports activities, and improving their comprehensive sports quality will promote the development of social sports. [ 1]
1.3 is also the need for competitive sports in China to go global.
With the deepening of China's reform and opening up and the continuous development of the national economy, the level of competitive sports in China is also improving day by day, and it won the first place in the total number of gold medals in the 9th-13rd Asian Games. In less than 20 years, from the 1984 Los Angeles Olympic Games to the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, China athletes ranked in the top three in the Olympic Games. China's competitive sports has made brilliant achievements that are universally recognized, and it has caused a sensation all over the world. In a sense, the level of a country's referee will directly affect its sports level. Then, whether in the international or domestic sports field, a group of referees will be needed to maintain fair and accurate referees.
In particular, the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be a period in which China has made great achievements in competitive sports, and it will also be a period in which China sports referees will continue to contribute to the Olympic Games. Physical education colleges and universities should be duty-bound to undertake the task of cultivating students' referee work. Because the competition of competitive sports needs to be open, fair and just, it will also become the theoretical basis of the value orientation, operation mechanism and adjustment function of modern sports legal system. China competitive sports emphasize equal competition, crack down on doping and match-fixing, strive to realize the rule of law in sports, and safeguard the principle of open, fair and just competition in competitive sports. Students in contemporary physical education colleges should not only set up lofty ideals, but also lay a solid foundation of scientific theory and master modern science and technology.
At present, the modernization of track and field referee equipment is mainly characterized by high-tech referee equipment (automatic electronic timing system, starting monitor, electric time display board, large electronic display screen, electric achievement bulletin board, electric time limit display, laser rangefinder, electric wind speed display board, remote control equipment transportation, etc.). ) and networking of competition information transmission system. [2] Only in this way can referees perform their duties better and serve competitive sports better.
2. The necessity of strengthening the level of law enforcement and sports ethics education.
Referees are referees in sports competitions. Law enforcement must be based on competition rules and regulations; In the execution of the referee work, we must be "serious, fair, accurate, modest and prudent, United and cooperative". The level of law enforcement will be an important embodiment of the objective characteristics of the referee. The difference between the fairness and accuracy required by the competition rules and the results of the referee's punishment is mainly manifested in narrow nationalism and egoism in the process of law enforcement and inaccurate grasp of the provisions and spirit of the competition rules, and sometimes there is an obvious subjective tendency in law enforcement. The unfair and inaccurate decisions made by the referee in the process of law enforcement are often replaced by the low level of referee.
The misjudgment, omission and counter-judgment of the referee, even intentional misjudgment, omission and counter-judgment, are all rejected because of lack of experience and poor standing. [3] Therefore, we should strengthen the law enforcement level of students majoring in physical education in the teaching process. First of all, we should have a sense of responsibility, make a fair judgment on objective facts, be familiar with the rules subjectively, pay attention to the size of the ruling and ensure accuracy.
In the field of sports, "counterfeiting black whistle" and a few athletes cheating in the stadium, violating discipline, causing accidents, insulting or even beating referees and other events that violate sports ethics occur from time to time. "[4] It is the requirement of the times and the important content of quality education to educate students majoring in physical education. Cultivating the referee ability of students majoring in physical education is the need to carry out national fitness today, and it is also the need for competitive sports in China to go global. Therefore, cultivating students' education and ability will be an indispensable and important content in physical education colleges.
3 practical measures to cultivate the referee's ability
3. 1 Strengthen the study of competition rules and referee theory.
Due to the diversity of skills and techniques in physical education teaching, such as gymnastics, track and field, ball games, swimming, martial arts and so on. The professional theories of different disciplines are also different. Only by mastering these contents can we truly understand the movement laws and characteristics of various events. On this basis, we should guide the study of competition rules and referee theory in various disciplines, expand competition theory, master competition consciousness (including skills and tactics), appropriately increase teaching hours, and improve referee theory level and referee work consciousness.
3.2. Be familiar with the working methods of competition organization.
There are various forms of competition organization, so we should work effectively according to the scale, category, purpose and task of the competition. First, let students know that rules, regulations and rulings are closely related. Rules are the fundamental law of competition and the main basis for the formulation of referee law. Then, the referee is the specific method and means to implement the rules, and the rules must be implemented through the referee method. The rules are mainly based on the purpose and task of the competition, and at the same time, they should conform to the rules and spirit of the competition (including the venue, equipment and other factors). Therefore, for physical education teachers, firstly, we should organize students to learn and be familiar with the competition rules, and only on the basis of being familiar with the competition rules and the spirit of the rules can we guide them to write the competition rules; Second, the compilation of competition rules should be clear about the main contents and specific methods; Third, the arrangement of the competition must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the competition rules and the principles of competition preparation. The main practical measures are to adopt the form of professional theoretical course assignments and practical practice of competitions inside and outside the school, with the aim of giving students opportunities to learn and exercise.
3.3 to cultivate the ability to actually operate the referee.
Through the practice of a series of school sports activities, it is also a test of the effect of students' learning theory to exercise their practical operation ability. For example, there are basketball, football, table tennis and badminton in the inter-class ball games held every Monday, and competitions are organized with the Youth League Committee, student union and ball games. The graduating students take turns to be responsible for judging, and the teachers of the ball match group are responsible for arbitration or guidance. Students are also responsible for judging the school track and field sports meeting twice a year (in which track and field events are handled by students of two classes respectively). At the same time, the school undertakes municipal sports competitions every year, such as track and field games and ball games for middle school students, and also selects representatives from students to participate in the evaluation work. Through competition practice and the guidance of subject teachers, students' law enforcement level has been improved in practical activities, and some outstanding students have been awarded referee grade certificates to encourage their enthusiasm for learning.
3.4. Be familiar with the competition rules and know the latest competition rules.
Referees should not only be familiar with the rules of the game, but also understand the spirit of the rules in order to use them flexibly, and at the same time, they should constantly learn and understand the latest rules and trends of the game. With the progress of science and technology and the enhancement of competition consciousness, the competition rules are constantly changing and improving. For example, the new IAAF rules on starting foul (1 00-400m) have been officially used in international competitions since1in 2003. According to the new rules, athletes are only allowed to foul once at the beginning of each sprint, and any athlete who fouls again in the competition will be disqualified. The US IAAF's failure to implement the IAAF departure rules caused contradictions. [5] Its practical measures are taught by subject teachers in class, special academic reports and open reading rooms, so that students have a good learning atmosphere and conditions.
To sum up, physical education colleges should strengthen the cultivation of students' referee ability and improve their theoretical level and practical work ability. Carefully cultivate and bring up a generation of referees who have certain sports quality, are keen on sports and are willing to serve sports for life, so as to ensure the development of school sports and the implementation of national fitness. Train a group of referees with a certain level of sportsmanship and law enforcement will help to change that face of domestic competitive competition, lay a solid foundation for China's competitive sports to go global, and increase the reserve of referees for the successful completion of the 2008 Beij Olympic Games.
I hope it works for you!