Dialect, as its name implies, refers to the local dialect. As we all know, China has a vast territory and a large population. Since ancient times, people's pronunciation is not exactly the same, so many dialects have appeared. In modern Chinese, there are about eight dialect areas, namely: northern dialect; Cantonese; Wu Yu; Xiang dialect; Hakka dialect; Gan dialect; Minnan dialect; Northern Fujian dialect. Where does the northern dialect refer to? If you draw a diagonal line from northeast to southwest on a map of China, the northern part of this line can be called northern dialect, which is a general term, not to say that Shandong and the Central Plains are not. Why do you row like this? Because it depends on what a person says, not where he is. For example, if a Beijing dialect speaker works in Guangzhou, we can't say that he speaks Cantonese. Therefore, the standard of dialect division is based on the characteristics of the language itself, and there are two main points: pronunciation and vocabulary. Dialect and Mandarin, and dialect and dialect are quite different in these two points. It is not difficult for us to understand the differences in pronunciation. If we turn on the TV and dial Guangdong, Fujian and other local stations, I can't understand a word without reading the subtitles. Zhang Guoli's "Golden Marriage" has become Cantonese, people are still those people, and things are still those things, but I don't understand. Each dialect has its own set of phonetic rules, so outsiders can't communicate. Another point is the difference in vocabulary. People can't communicate with each other, except for different pronunciations, that is, different words. When they speak a dialect, others don't know what it means. Later, I caught this point in the cross talk "Opera and Dialect" and made a lot of jokes. Shanghai people called shampoo the beginning, which almost scared him away. Others, such as "bending ears" in Sichuan dialect, "burying", "ga-da" and "ignoring war" in Northeast dialect. Even the word "Fudge", which was originally a dialect in Northeast China, was gradually recognized by people and accepted by Mandarin after the word "Fudge" in Zhao Benshan Spring Festival Evening. I heard Yi Zhongtian say in the lecture room that "Liu Bei is fooling Cao Cao", and a commentator on current affairs on Hong Kong TV said that "the United States is fooling China". Much like the dialect word "engage", this word is being accepted and recognized by people. Today, people are saying that "he is engaged in literature and art" and "this matter is messed up".

The differences between dialects are mainly in these two points, and there are also differences in grammar, but they are all small. For example, "rooster" and "hen", some dialects are called "rooster" and "rooster mother", and the modifier is placed after the head word. Northern dialect is a big division, among which there are still differences between Northeast dialect and Sichuan dialect, but if people can communicate, we won't go into details.