First, the tasks and contents of freshmen's psychological adaptation

In order to take the first step in college life, freshmen must do two things well: one is to adapt to the new life, and the other is to seek new development.

To adapt to college life and study, we should learn to be independent, coordinated and balanced in the new living environment; Find the direction and explore methods in the new learning environment; Learn to communicate in the new interpersonal environment and learn to be a man. In a word, learn to live, learn to learn, learn to communicate, and learn to be a man.

(A) to adapt to life

1, learn to live

How to understand and coordinate university life? How to keep your calm mood? Do you know that?/You know what?

(1) actively adapt to college life

University life has begun. What problems should be encountered and how to deal with them? Do you know that?/You know what? Do you know that?/You know what?

(2) Learn to manage daily life.

One of the marks of independence is the ability to manage your own life. Do you know how to manage life?

(3) learn to keep psychological balance

Life is not always smiling and sunny. How to treat ordinary frustrated days?

Step 2 learn to learn

Are there any new learning goals for entering the university? Will you consciously explore new learning methods? Do you know how to constantly adjust your study in the process of change?

(1) Establish learning objectives

Do you know how to find new learning goals for yourself when you are slacking off because you have lost your goals?

(2) Coping with learning changes

To learn to adapt, we must first learn to learn from change. How are you doing?

(3) Explore learning methods

Do you know how to study effectively?

3. Learn to communicate

It is the wish of freshmen to make new friends, develop new friendships and get along well with students of the opposite sex naturally. But do you know the art and method of communication?

(1) Make new friends

New friendships need time to get used to each other before they are established. What are the issues worthy of attention?

(2) Mastering communication methods

The art of communication affects the quality of communication. Do you know the art of communication?

(3) Learn to communicate with the opposite sex naturally.

Some people feel shy, some people are afraid, some people … do you know how to associate with the opposite sex?

4. Learn to be a man

To be a popular person in society, tolerance and cooperation are the basic qualities of being a person.

(1) cultivate moral character

There is an old saying: "You can't stand without virtue." How should college students cultivate their excellent moral character?

(2) learn to be tolerant

Do you know the performance and value of tolerance? Do you know how to tolerate others?

(3) Strengthen cooperation

A society with an increasingly fine division of labor is also inseparable from mutual cooperation. Can you work well with people?

(2) development

The main tasks of freshmen's development include: (1) training their own thinking to make them mature gradually; (2) Know yourself objectively and cultivate self-confidence and self-control; (3) Learn to integrate into society in groups; (4) Improve your creativity. In a word, develop intelligence, personality, sociality and creativity.

1, developing intelligence

To develop intelligence, we must master the scientific way of thinking, improve the quality of thinking, overcome the mindset and get out of the misunderstanding of thinking.

(1) Master the way of thinking and improve the quality of thinking.

Wisdom can make people sharp-eyed, look at problems from the perspective of development and change, analyze specific problems in detail, and think about problems from different angles. What about you?

(2) Overcome the mindset

The world is like a giant elephant, and "blind people" are used to seeing it from their own perspective. How to avoid the one-sidedness of the blind touching the elephant?

(3) Get out of the misunderstanding of thinking

People often have deviations in their thinking that are not easy to find. How to correct it?

Step 2 cultivate character

Knowing yourself, accepting yourself and controlling yourself are three steps to develop your personality.

(1) Know yourself

If you don't know yourself, you can't make many choices in life. Do you know how to know yourself?

(2) Accept yourself

The observer has no friends. What happens when a person is too hard on himself? So how do you determine your identity?

(3) Control yourself

People who can't control themselves actually give their fate to the environment. How to be the master of your own destiny?

3. Develop sociality

Being able to know the group objectively, having a strong sense of belonging to the group and actively participating in group activities will help you to integrate into social life smoothly.

(1) group cognition

Groups have a great influence on individuals, so before you join a group, do you have a clear understanding of this group?

(2) Group attribution

Everyone needs a sense of belonging. A sense of belonging makes people feel safe, win support and gain strength. So where does the sense of belonging come from?

(3) Group participation

A drop of water will not dry up unless it is put into the sea; Only by participating in the group can a person not appear weak.

4. Develop creativity

The society strongly needs creative college students. Strengthening creative consciousness, mastering creative techniques and engaging in creative practice will improve your creativity.

(1) Cultivate innovative consciousness

Not good at creation, not because there are few opportunities for creation, but because there is no sense of creation. How to cultivate creative consciousness?

(2) Mastering creative skills

Creative techniques help to create. Do you understand and master the creative techniques?

(3) Investing in creative practice

We call for creative practice, but creative practice cannot be blind. How can we carry out creative practice?

Second, freshmen's psychological adaptation training

College is not long, but it is the most important part of life. In this section of the road, some people are steady, some people stumble, and some people will fall. Of course, more people have experienced the situation that "there is no way to recover from heavy mountains and heavy waters, and there is another village." ...

psychoanalysis

Freshmen who enter the university can't adapt well to the new environment of the school for a long time, resulting in psychological anxiety, guilt, fatigue, irritability, boredom, uselessness and bad behavior symptoms. This phenomenon is called "newborn maladjustment syndrome". Some researchers also call this period of freshman year "psychological intermission". It is manifested in the vacillation of self-orientation, the confusion of the goal, the difficulty in adapting to the new lifestyle and the confusion of society.

Psychologist wolman defines adaptation as: "A harmonious relationship with the environment includes meeting most of a person's needs and necessary behavior changes to meet the requirements, so that a person can establish a harmonious relationship with the environment."

College students' adaptability refers to improving their ability to change their own characteristics and lifestyle with the change of external environmental conditions, which is a process for individuals to maintain a good and effective living condition in the real life environment.

Freshmen's adaptation to life is a prelude to their social adaptation. The improvement of adaptability is not only of great significance for college students to adapt to the new life, but also of great value for adapting to study, interpersonal relationship and dealing with various problems on the road of life in the future.

Compared with middle school, university is a brand-new environment, and freshmen have to face a series of changes:

(1) Adapt to the new learning environment. The change of learning environment is mainly manifested in the diversification of learning purposes; Professional and exploratory learning content; The omnibearing nature of learning style; Autonomy and consciousness of learning attitude.

(2) Adapt to the new living environment. From the care of parents to their own care, we should learn to deal with daily affairs while studying. With more free time, you can have extensive contact with society, have a deeper understanding of social phenomena, have more intense conflicts of values and face more temptations and choices.

(3) Adapt to the new interpersonal environment. University is characterized by collective life. Living together with students from all over the country with different hobbies and habits will inevitably lead to contradictions, especially for students who lack life experience in middle school. This is a big change. The communication of college students is no longer restricted by parents and teachers, and the scope of communication is expanded. The psychological lock-up makes the communication between college students less harmonious than that in middle school, and it is relatively difficult to deal with interpersonal relationships. At the same time, the issue of love has also been put on the agenda. The love of classmates and the love they face make interpersonal relationships more complicated.

(4) Adapt to the new management environment. The change of management environment is mainly reflected in the teaching management system, the employment system and the management system. Especially in the way of management, the management of students in universities is not as strict as that in middle schools. Although there are counselors and class teachers, their duties are mainly to cultivate students' autonomy, self-reliance and self-care ability by guiding and organizing various activities, unlike middle school teachers. This requires students to learn self-management and self-discipline.

(5) Adapt to the new reference environment. Freshmen are top candidates in the college entrance examination, and they are also outstanding in middle schools. After entering the university, the reference environment has changed. On the one hand, the "comparative group" has expanded. From hundreds of thousands of middle school students to thousands of students, in such a "strong hand as a forest" range, their status will definitely change. In addition, the "comparison range" has also been expanded. It is not limited to study, but also includes research ability, social ability, artistic accomplishment and personal charm. This brings the problem of self-cognition and evaluation, that is, how to have a correct understanding and positioning of yourself in the new collective.

(6) Adapt to the new campus cultural environment. Campus cultural environment includes social psychological atmosphere, lifestyle, extracurricular activities and so on. It embodies the school spirit, class spirit and study style. Generally speaking, superior scientific research conditions, abundant teachers, thorough teaching links, diligent learning atmosphere, rich cultural and sports activities and diverse social practices provide a good cultural environment for the healthy growth of college students. Therefore, on the one hand, college students should adapt to the cultural environment of the university as soon as possible, on the other hand, they should start from themselves to add color to the good campus cultural environment.

-Adaptation can be divided into positive adaptation and negative adaptation.

Active adaptation is healthy adaptation, which should have two meanings: first, change yourself to adapt to the environment or adapt to some changes in the environment; The second is continuous struggle and choice, from one goal to another, which is developmental adaptation.

Negative adaptation is unhealthy adaptation at the expense of individual development. It may even lead to some psychological problems or diseases of different degrees.

In real life, there are often three kinds of unsuitable behaviors:

The first way is to resist reality. From dissatisfaction with reality to resistance to reality, resistance to existing social norms, resistance to social authority and even more serious anti-social behavior, the result will not only fail to solve the problem, but also bring more serious setbacks and even self-destruction.

The second way is to escape from reality. Because individuals can't bear the pressure of reality, they don't learn to face reality from experience, but

Self-deception, covering your ears to deal with problems, in order to obtain temporary satisfaction, but over time will lead to greater failure.

The third way is divorced from reality. Escape from reality, indulge in fictional fantasy world, and live a life completely isolated from reality, which can easily lead to mental illness.

(2) Training strategy

Strategy one enhances the predictive ability of the problem.

If freshmen are psychologically prepared for the problem, they will not be eager to take up the challenge and be caught off guard.

Now take out a piece of paper, use a pen as a sword, and keep asking yourself:

1. Are you avoiding the question?

2. "Rain is coming" Are you nervous?

Do you think the danger will disappear if you bury your head in the sand like an ostrich?

The following ideas will definitely help you reduce stress:

The universality of (1) problem. Once you know that these adaptation problems are common problems faced by all freshmen, you won't feel lonely or unfair.

(2) Clarify the inevitability of the problem. These problems are inevitable in the process of growing up, just as people can't avoid death. In this case, we should think about how to solve it.

(3) The development of intermediate problems. Looking back, who didn't grow up in the problem? There is no growth without problems, and human beings always grow by finding and solving problems. The more complicated the problem, the more conducive it is to our maturity (think about it, if you are still afraid of getting lost in the street, then your current development level can be imagined), which also indicates that a new round of growth has begun, so I advise you to face the problem bravely!

Strategy 2: Prepare for an emergency

Think about how to put the blown balloon into the small bottle and how to take it out of the small bottle. You may do it easily, but you may not understand the reason. Think about it, what can you feel?

Monkey Sun in The Journey to the West made seventy-two changes on his way to the Western Heaven to learn Buddhist scriptures. Of course, with the help of a group of Qi Xin, he defeated monsters and finally got through the road to success in learning Buddhist scriptures.

Think about "change"

Write the word "change" first: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Then, recall the life path you have traveled and think about how you should "change". For example, how to improvise when encountering difficulties? When a method can't solve the problem, how do you change it? When you feel embarrassed in front of others, how do you deal with it?

Finally, please write your thoughts about "nervousness":

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Tip: to adapt to the environment, we must be flexible, and sometimes even give up our original things, in order to adapt to the needs of environmental changes and achieve greater development. Some people think that freshmen should have at least four changes:

"Changing mentality": changing the subjective and naive mentality towards people and things;

"Face changing": assume multiple roles, less baby face and more adult color;

Change direction: adjust or change the original goal;

"Reform the law": change the way you study, live and communicate.

What else needs to be changed? Please add:

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I suggest you make three major changes:

First, change your learning objectives and learning methods.

Second, change your concept of interpersonal relationship: don't associate according to personal likes and dislikes, but learn to get along with people you don't like. Don't impose your own standards on others, but make self-psychological adjustments under mutually coordinated agreements.

Third, change your understanding and evaluation of yourself: by objectively analyzing your own shortcomings and the gap with others. There are two kinds of gaps: one is the gap that must be shortened, such as learning problems and interpersonal problems. Because learning and mastering knowledge is a necessary means to start a career in the future; Communication is an important auxiliary means and the foundation of your future life. Another gap is the normal gap. This gap can be shortened better, but it doesn't matter if it can't be shortened, because there must be differences between individuals, and one can't be excellent in all aspects. While understanding your own shortcomings and gaps, you should also affirm your own advantages, love and be confident, and keep an open mind, so as to objectively face the "relatively ordinary" status quo.

Strategy 3: Suffer setbacks

In the new environment, you will certainly encounter all kinds of setbacks, such as entering an unsatisfactory university or an unsatisfactory major, not being able to adapt to the new environment well, not having a good relationship with your classmates, and not being able to keep up with the teacher's teaching progress ... These are all setbacks. Therefore, freshmen must first learn to deal with all kinds of setbacks.

Someone asked the mountaineer, "We are halfway up the mountain. What should we do if we suddenly encounter a rainstorm?"

The mountaineer said, "You should walk to the top of the mountain."

"Why don't you run down? Isn't the wind and rain on the top of the mountain bigger? "

The mountaineer said seriously, "Go to the top of the mountain. Although the wind and rain may be worse, it is not enough to threaten your life. As for running down the mountain, it seems that there is less wind and rain and it looks safer, but it may also be drowned alive in mountain torrents. For the wind and rain, to escape it, you have to get involved in the torrent; Welcome it, but you can survive! "

Please think: how to bear setbacks effectively?

Aries, an American psychologist, believes that the reason why people have a negative mentality due to their inadaptability to the environment lies not in the events they have experienced, but in people's views, evaluations and explanations of these events, that is, people's wrong cognition of things.

Look at setbacks correctly and abandon unreasonable ideas!

A college student is troubled because he has not been admitted to an ideal university. He will think that the trouble is because he has not been admitted to an ideal university. The reason for his troubles actually comes from the unreasonable concept that "I can only become a talent if I am admitted to an ideal university, and not being admitted to an ideal university is the worst thing for me". If he thinks that no matter what kind of university, as long as individual efforts will succeed; Everything in the world may not be as you wish; It is common that personal ideals cannot be fully realized. Don't care too much, you won't be pessimistic. He will quickly adapt to the present environment and strive to develop himself.

You can't change the wind direction, but you can change the sails.

Make a list of unreasonable ideas in your mind and try to eliminate their negative effects.

Incorrect understanding of the environment:

Improper understanding of others:

Incorrect understanding of oneself:

Strategy 4: Open your heart and ask for support.

For freshmen, in order to adapt to college life as soon as possible, you must seek relevant information. Teachers, seniors, related books and other "senior staff" provide you with a lot of information about the university to help you understand and adapt to the university as soon as possible.

Make a suggestion. Take time to find experienced teachers, seniors and books about college students, communicate with them, and summarize the relevant contents and opinions on how to adapt to the university as soon as possible, so as to form a basic idea to guide your study, life and communication.

Strategy 5: Define your own tasks.

In order to adapt to college life, we must deal with the following problems. Here, we just bring it up for you. As for how to deal with it, you have to do it yourself. I hope to give you a clear idea here.

(l) Dealing with the psychological gap. The most important psychological obstacle for freshmen to adapt to the changes in the new university environment is the psychological gap between the ideal university life and the real environment.

(2) Choose a suitable frame of reference, re-recognize and evaluate yourself, redefine your role, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, and develop yourself.

(3) Learn to get along with others and adjust interpersonal relationships.

(4) Arrange time reasonably and master scientific learning methods.

(5) Re-establish the learning goal of the university.

Reflective experience is not afraid of clouds and fog, but the highest realm.

Three steps of university development: adaptation stage-stable and substantial development stage-gain and loss diversion stage.

Since it is the only way, there is no reason to find another way. The question now is how to stabilize step by step, don't you think?

Wang Guowei, a master of Chinese studies, summed up three realms of learning, namely: last night, the west wind withered the green trees, went up to the tall building alone and looked at the horizon; I don't regret widening my belt. For Iraq, people are haggard; Looking for her in the crowd, suddenly looking back, the man was in the dim light.

Combined with the three steps of university development, please talk about your experience of these three realms.

Pay attention to the content. Are you ready?

As far as college life is concerned, adaptation can be divided into:

(l) Personal adaptation to society: how to adapt to new social roles? How to adapt to new social concepts? How to adapt to the new social environment?

(2) Individuals' adaptation to others: How to communicate with strangers? How to associate with the opposite sex? How to associate with people with different personalities? How to deal with the relationship between cooperation and competition?

(3) Individuals' adaptation to themselves: how to know themselves: how to accept themselves? How to develop yourself?

Learn to row in the sea and ask for directions.

How to better adapt to college life

Ideas determine benefits. Ask yourself: How can I benefit the most from a college education? If you have a positive attitude towards college education and understand the significance of college education to your life, then you will get more from your homework and teachers.

Give up the rebellious mentality. Rebellion is a symptom of the problem. Confronting teachers and others is not an effective way to show your existence or value. The wise choice is to be responsible for your own life. Everyone can find a reason to quarrel with the teacher. For example, you can find thousands of reasons to explain that you are not interested in learning, have no sense of responsibility or have no motivation. You can also accuse the teacher of lack of enthusiasm in class, boring lectures, inflexible courses and lack of vivid examples. You know, you won't get nothing under any circumstances. Don't make excuses! There is no end to learning, seize any opportunity to learn and absorb knowledge like a sponge. If you leave college as before, you have only yourself to blame. University is a process of change, but you should take the initiative to promote these changes, and no one can guarantee the future. The finest diamond must be cut.

You should have your own opinions when you are in trouble. Don't believe others who say this teacher is "good" or how difficult that course is. You know, everyone's situation is different, their background is different, and their work standards are different. Some things are difficult for this person and may be easy for that person.

University itself is life. College is not a prelude, preparation or prelude to your life. Your values, hobbies and work rules have been formed during your college years, and your life ship has set sail.

Learn to ask questions and listen to opinions. Frequently asking questions is an important way to improve the value of life. A life without problems is empty and meaningless. Good advice will not be given to you. You should talk to your tutor and counselor often. Taking responsibility means getting advice from the person in charge, rather than relying on your roommate, classmates or friends to answer important questions for you. Lazy people only listen to one side of the story, regardless of the source: lazy people don't want to listen to many opinions before making important decisions, while smart people search for information extensively.

Make full use of resources. Good grades and letters of recommendation can't guarantee you a good job, and what social activities you have done in college are also important. There are clubs and student organizations in the school looking forward to your joining. Let yourself integrate into college life as soon as possible. Time flies, and nothing will come again. Don't wait until your junior year and senior year to start investing. A person who is active in college is often as energetic as his future work and life. Society needs talents with initiative and strong sense of participation, and university life is a fertile ground for cultivating such talents.