Stem cell therapy is one of the hot spots in the field of heart disease. Stem cells have been used for regenerative therapy of cardiovascular diseases for more than 10 years, and thousands of patients around the world have received stem cell therapy.
A real case of stem cell therapy for heart failure
20 14, the third phase clinical trial of stem cell therapy for ischemic heart failure in China was officially launched. The number of patients with heart failure in the world is1.1.70 million, of which the number of patients with heart failure in China is 2997 1 10,000, accounting for 25.6% of the total number of patients with heart failure in the world.
In 20 16, Mr. karat's heart was so weak that it was difficult to climb a flight of stairs. After three months of stem cell therapy, the blood delivered by his heart increased by 25%, and he returned to the basketball court.
Mechanism of stem cell therapy for heart failure
Most heart failure is caused by heart attack leading to myocardial death. Because the myocardium cannot regenerate, the damaged area is replaced by scar tissue, which will not contract, thus making the heart lose its function. Stem cells can help rebuild damaged myocardium and restore heart function, which is a new method to treat heart failure.
Stem cells have the characteristics of infinite proliferation, multidirectional differentiation and self-replication, and can differentiate into cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro. When the tissue is damaged, stem cells can return to the ischemic area and differentiate into endothelial cells, which can promote the formation of new capillaries and save dying myocardial cells, thus achieving the purpose of improving heart function.
Stem cells have paracrine function, which can play a paracrine role by releasing cytokines, chemokines and other signals to surrounding tissues, which can inhibit the inflammatory reaction of damaged parts and reduce the formation of myocardial scars.
Clinical research progress of stem cells in the treatment of heart failure
In recent years, clinical trials of stem cells in the treatment of heart failure have been carried out in many areas. Up to now, there are 106 clinical studies of stem cells in the treatment of heart failure registered in clinical trial.gov.
From 2065438 to July 2005, a research report was published in the journal Stem Cell Translational Medicine. In this study, 60 patients with severe heart failure were recruited, 48 of whom were randomly assigned to receive stem cell therapy. Another 12 patients maintained traditional treatment. One year later, compared with other 12 patients, the "ejection fraction" of 48 patients who received stem cell therapy was significantly improved. At the same time, the experiment also confirmed that stem cell therapy is safe and feasible in the field of heart failure, and has no adverse effects on patients. This study shows that the new method of providing stem cells for damaged myocardium has achieved initial results in the field of treating severe heart failure.
From August 2065438 to August 2006, CardioCell, a biotechnology company, announced its good results in treating chronic heart failure (HF) by using stem cells at the general meeting of the European Society of Cardiology. This is the world's first phase 2a clinical trial to study the effect of intravenous injection of ischemic tolerant mesenchymal stem cells (itMSC) on chronic heart failure. This study shows that itMSC therapy may provide more practical choices for patients with heart failure and open up the possibility of innovative stem cell therapy in the future.
20 16- 12 In the stem cell clinical research project officially filed by the National Health and Family Planning Commission, the "Clinical Study of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Heart Failure" of Shanghai Oriental Hospital successfully passed the filing, which means that this clinical research has been recognized at the national level.
On 20 18, Circulation Research published the results of the third phase clinical trial of stem cell therapy for CardiAMP in the treatment of heart failure-the treatment results of the first batch of patients in the cohort study were satisfactory. This is the first time that the key experimental results of stem cell therapy for heart failure have been published. The therapy adopts individualized minimally invasive method, using cells derived from patients' own bone marrow to transplant cells through cardiac catheter to treat cardiovascular diseases. In the treatment group, the six-minute walking distance was improved, and the relative improvement rate was 20.5%. The classification of cardiac function has also improved. In this paper, the different characteristics and curative effects of bone marrow stem cells in patients with heart failure were recognized.
Current research shows that stem cells have the potential to treat heart failure. However, a large-scale, multicenter, randomized and double-blind clinical study is needed to further explore the types, doses, treatment routes and treatment frequency of stem cells selected by patients with heart failure at different stages of disease. As a potential method to treat heart failure, stem cell therapy is expected to help patients with heart failure regain their health in the future!