On the spread of ideological and political education.
This paper expounds the communication of ideological and political education, studies and analyzes the meaning and corresponding elements of ideological and political education communication according to the educational theory, and probes into the effective ways of ideological and political education communication from four aspects: the function, the communicator, the receiver and the communication mode.
Keywords: ideological and political education dissemination process, functional approach
1 Significance of communication in ideological and political education and its research significance
1. 1 the meaning of communication
Communication is a process of information transmission. Specifically, it is the process of sending specific information to information recipients through appropriate channels under the guidance of certain goals in order to seek understanding and feedback. There are different opinions on the definition of communication in existing domestic documents, because different documents have different focuses. For example, the Modern Chinese Dictionary? Communication? Defined as? So that the two sides can connect. ? And "English-Chinese Cihai" thinks? Communication? what's up * * * and the use, publicity, transmission of knowledge or information, etc. ; Also refers to the transmission of news or audio, information, exchange of ideas, etc? . Is the author right? Communication? Understanding is the exchange of information and ideas between communicators through certain channels in order to seek understanding.
The process of information transmission includes information, the sender and receiver of information, environment, channels and other elements.
1.2 the meaning and types of communication in ideological and political education
Meaning: The so-called ideological and political education communication is a process in which the sender and receiver of ideological and political education information exchange ideological and political education information through information communication channels, so as to achieve mutual understanding to a certain extent. The sender and receiver of information play the roles of educator and audience respectively. The information sent by the sender is the content of educational communication, and the way or way of educational communication adopted by both parties is the communication channel. ② Type: From the perspective of educational communication, educational communication can be realized not only through oral and written forms, but also through media communication. Daily writing, reading and correspondence belong to written communication, while discussion, speech or conversation belong to oral communication. After the popularization of modern information technology, media communication based on telephone, network and TV appeared.
1.3 communication elements in ideological and political education
Through the above analysis, we have made it clear that the five elements of information dissemination are the same: sender, receiver, information, environment and communication channels.
1.3. 1 sender. ① Orientation: The sender of information disseminated by ideological and political education guides the receiver with socially recognized thoughts and behaviors through communication with the receiver, so that he can establish noble thoughts and develop good behavior habits; ② Initiative: The sender of information in ideological and political education should have noble belief in Marxism-Leninism, and at the same time be able to master solid principles and policies of the Party and government. It is meaningful to make clear that ideological and political education needs effective communication, and I hope to use my knowledge to educate people and repay the society.
③ Demonstration: In the process of information transmission of ideological and political education, the personal morality and ability level of the information transmitter directly affect the thought and behavior of the information receiver, which has a certain demonstration effect. ④ Disambiguation: In the communication process of ideological and political education, the sender of information has a better knowledge structure, richer life experience, a more comprehensive perspective and a more unique way of thinking to solve problems than the receiver. The sender of information has enough knowledge and life experience to answer questions for the receiver of information, and at the same time guide the thought and behavior of the receiver of information to a certain extent.
1.3.2 receiver. Educators and educatees in the communication of ideological and political education are borne by the sender and receiver of information respectively. In the process of information dissemination, for information recipients, they are not passively accepting ideological and political education information unilaterally, but actively accepting ideological and political education information, and the formation of their thoughts and behaviors is also full of personality. Specifically, the recipients of ideological and political education information mainly have three characteristics: initiative, infectivity and plasticity.
① Initiative: In the process of ideological and political education, information recipients can analyze and judge whether the information they receive is scientific and reasonable according to their own knowledge level, and at the same time give their own policies and suggestions. The receiver and sender of information communicate with each other through various channels, thus achieving the purpose of communication to a certain extent.
(2) infectivity: In the process of ideological and political education dissemination, the information receiver will pass on the enthusiasm of actively participating in the dissemination to the information sender, so that the information sender will be infected, thus stimulating the interest of the information sender and making it feel responsible, and at the same time, it will have a positive impact on the moral conduct of the information sender with its correct conduct, thus improving the humanistic quality of the information sender to a certain extent.
(3) Plasticity: In the process of spreading ideological and political education, information recipients analyze and process the received ideological and political education information through their own knowledge system and analytical judgment ability, and then internalize it into their own ideological cognition and externalize it into good behavior habits, thus enriching their knowledge structure and improving their ideological and political level.
1.3.3 communication information. The content of ideological and political education mainly involves psychology, morality, politics, ideology and so on. Therefore, in the process of ideological and political education communication, the communication information should include psychological education information, moral education information, political education information and ideological education information.
① Psychological education information: refers to the information that provides psychological consultation to the information recipients, solves their ideological and behavioral problems, and helps them overcome difficulties and setbacks through correct behavior or ideological guidance.
(2) Moral education information: Moral education information should emphasize the correct handling of the interests of individuals, collectives and countries, help information recipients to establish a correct concept of market economy, and avoid being driven by interests to undermine the normal market economic order and the balance of interests among the three parties.
③ Political education information: Political education information refers to the theories, principles and policies of the Party and the government. Specific to daily life, political education information refers to people's political beliefs and thoughts. The purpose of political education is to spread the party's ruling ideas and theoretical lines, and help information recipients to establish correct political beliefs and understand the party's policies and theories.
④ Ideological education information: Specifically, ideological education information mainly includes Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and? Theory of Three Represents theory? Important ideas, and Scientific Outlook on Development, etc.
1.3.4 communication channel. The communication channel of ideological and political education is the way or way for all parties to communicate in information processing in ideological and political education. Including the use of language, words, expressions, movements and other ways to achieve communication.
1.3.5 communication environment. The communication environment of ideological and political education is an information communication environment covering natural factors and social factors. This environment is a relatively concrete and dynamic environment, and it is a system composed of many interrelated factors. Usually it has certain controllability.
1.4 Communication Characteristics in Ideological and Political Education
① Class nature: In general, the communication of ideological and political education has a distinct proletarian stance and party spirit, which is the class nature of the communication of ideological and political education. The two sides of information interaction and communication channels constitute several elements of ideological and political education communication, so information communication is * * *, but it is also the main way of party and government theoretical education, so the class and political beliefs it represents have distinct characteristics, and its tasks and goals are restricted and influenced by the party's overall objectives.
2 interaction. In the communication of ideological and political education, the two-way communication of emotion, thought and information between the two sides of information interaction fully reflects the interaction of ideological and political education communication to a certain extent.
3 times. This means that the channel, environment and content of information dissemination can reflect the development characteristics of the times, the content of communication can be constantly updated with the changes of the times, and the communication environment is constantly optimized. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly explore communication channels.
4 levels. The communication of ideological and political education can set the corresponding educational communication level and communication goal according to the occupation, age, personality and knowledge structure of the audience, and adjust the communication mode and content in time in the information communication to meet the needs of the information recipients.
2 ways to achieve the spread of ideological and political education
2. 1 Scientific understanding of the communication function value of ideological and political education
In general, guidance, communication, infection, dispelling doubts and correcting mistakes are the main functions of communication in ideological and political education. For the dissemination of ideological and political education, no matter what its function is, to a certain extent, the interaction between educators and educatees enables educators to accurately grasp the true ideological and moral status of educatees. Generally speaking, we should actively guide the development of the educated through theoretical, political, moral and psychological information. Similarly, we can guide the educated in ideological and political education, arouse their enthusiasm and initiative, and constantly realize their all-round development.
2.2 improve the quality of ideological and political education dissemination information sender
In the communication of ideological and political education, the information transmitter is the educator, the party in charge of organization and coordination, and controls the content, method and target task of information communication, so the knowledge structure and humanistic quality of the information transmitter have a decisive influence on the effectiveness of educational communication. In order to ensure the effective dissemination of education, educators must strengthen the study of professional knowledge, improve their own knowledge structure, improve humanistic quality, and have a good influence on information recipients from personality, professional lectures and other aspects. Ability and quality are the key for the transmitter of information in ideological and political education.
(1) innovative ability. Compared with the past, the communication environment and communication target of ideological and political education have undergone earth-shaking changes, and it is necessary to innovate communication methods, channels and mechanisms. In our ideological field, the competition between hostile forces is extremely fierce. Faced with this situation, the communicators of ideological and political education need to cultivate and strengthen their innovative ability.
② Ability to observe and think. In the process of ideological and political education, the observation and thinking ability of the information transmitter runs through. As the sender of information in ideological and political education, we need to realize the importance of drawing conclusions through observation and thinking, and then guiding our behavior.
③ Expression ability. In work, study and life, the sender of ideological and political education communication information needs to cultivate the expression ability in an all-round way according to the principles of accuracy, fluency, fluency and conciseness, so as to guide his oral expression and written expression to a certain extent.
④ Ability of organization and coordination. For the communication of ideological and political education, to form a strong joint force, on the one hand, we need to communicate in language and behavior, on the other hand, we need to organize various educational resources and factors. Coordinate the relationship between people and organizations, and then lay the foundation for effective communication to a certain extent.
⑤ Psychological endurance. Influenced and restricted by personal factors, there are certain differences in ideological realm, moral sentiment, knowledge level and professional attributes among the recipients of information disseminated by ideological and political education.
2.3 ideological and political education dissemination information recipients actively participate in the dissemination.
2.3. 1 Information recipients have a desire to communicate. Information recipients should realize the importance of ideological and political education communication to improve their thinking and behavior, and enhance their desire to participate in communication. Adjust your mentality to a certain extent? Want me to communicate? Where to? I want to communicate? Change, for the smooth progress of communication, clear the psychological barriers.
2.3.2 Information recipients absorb and digest information. Usually, the information receiver absorbs and digests the information and externalizes the internalized thoughts into behaviors. In order to improve their ideological and behavioral realm, information recipients need to evaluate their internalized ideas, and at the same time consolidate correct behaviors and correct wrong or improper behaviors.
2.3.3 The information receiver feeds back the information in time. When the spread of ideological and political education lasts for a period of time, the information receiver needs to give timely and active feedback to the information sender, and then judge the mastery of information and the effect of communication, and at the same time make the next round of communication plan.
2.4 Ideological and political education should be diversified and modernized.
In terms of personality characteristics, compared with before, the audience of ideological and political education has changed a lot. It is mainly manifested in becoming more open, realistic, self-centered and casual in terms of ideas, values, hobbies and behavior choices. Therefore, in the process of ideological and political education communication, we need to pay attention to these changes and realize the diversification and modernization of communication forms according to the characteristics of the audience.
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Principles of Ideological and Political Education Part II Analysis of Network Ideological and Political Education
The popularization and application of the Internet is a double-edged sword, which brings convenience to people and new challenges to our ideological and political education. The emergence of college students' network moral problems requires us to establish an ideological and political education system that conforms to the characteristics of the network era. Strengthening the construction of network ideological and political education, guiding college students to use the network correctly and effectively carrying out the network ideological and political education for college students are important aspects of the current ideological and political education construction in colleges and universities.
Keywords: network; Morality; Network ideological and political education; Chinese national spirit
First, the current performance of college students' network moral problems in China
With the increasing popularity of the Internet in university campuses, the negative impact of the Internet on college students has become increasingly prominent. Originally, it was a good thing for college students to surf the Internet and then master network technology, but many college students surf the Internet not to find information, but to indulge in online games and chat, and even many people neglect their studies because they are addicted to the Internet.
Because of the openness of the Internet, there are many and miscellaneous information on the Internet, and the information on the Internet is often chaotic and difficult to distinguish between true and false. College students' identification ability and discrimination ability are still immature, and some college students use the Internet in an improper way, which will inevitably lead to some problems.
(A) College students' moral feelings are weakened and human feelings are indifferent.
On the one hand, the Internet has narrowed the distance between people, and people's communication is no longer limited by geography and time; But because of the existence of network digitalization. The communication between people becomes the communication between people and numbers, and the emotional communication between people stays on the Internet. Many college students communicate less with their families, and the emotional connection between classmates, teachers and students becomes thin, which leads to some college students' moral indifference. We can see that the cases of rabbit cruelty and Yao Jiaxin in real life are important manifestations of college students' moral indifference.
(B) Some students' moral and psychological development is not suitable.
In the network environment, because of its virtual characteristics, college students pursue the principle of happiness, sometimes ignoring social morality and expressing their opinions at will; However, in real life, when people make some remarks, they often consider social norms and morality to express their views. These two completely different views, inside and outside the network, can easily distort the values of inexperienced college students, pursue low-level and unlimited stimulation in virtual space, and even become slaves of the network, unable to extricate themselves from the network, forming a dislocation of personality development.
(C) College students lost their values.
Due to the openness of the network, multi-culture and multi-values constantly impact the thoughts of college students on the network; Western countries, in particular, use the advantages of the Internet to promote western concepts of democracy, freedom and human rights. This intensifies the moral and cultural conflicts between countries with different ideologies. Some college students are radical and eager to accept foreign information and ideas. Faced with such complicated network thoughts, some students will distort their outlook on life and values if they choose improperly.
(D) The national identity of some college students has been weakened.
The openness of the Internet promotes the international exchange of information and culture, but at the same time, due to the monopoly position of western countries on the Internet, they convey to people a cultural spirit full of hamburgers, fast food, Hollywood movies and Coca-Cola through the Internet. Such a culture makes people feel a kind of heartfelt pleasure; They lead a trend of pursuing western culture, but because of the openness of the network, people tend to downplay the exploration of the national attributes of these products, and these things gradually penetrate into the lives of college students. Because college students are the easiest people to accept new things, they are influenced by western network culture and flaunt irrational consumerism and absolute freedom as their personality.
This weakens the national identity of college students to some extent. Because there is no strict nationality difference between online consumer goods and personal behavior, it will reduce people's vigilance to some extent. Internet has narrowed the distance between people and weakened the national distance of goods, culture and personal behavior. Western countries emphasize the liberalization of information and commodity flow, but this freedom has become an act of promoting their own culture in disguise.
Although the lack of advanced network technology in traditional society brings some convenience to children's lives, there are many emotional exchanges between people, and people's moral behavior depends largely on people and people's supervision, so teenagers have a strong moral consciousness. The concealment of the network easily leads to the lack of moral personality of college students, which leads to a series of immoral network behaviors and even cyber crimes. In a word, with the rapid popularization of information network in colleges and universities and the initial development of ideological and political education in colleges and universities, it is very necessary to strengthen ideological and political education in colleges and universities.
Second, the analysis of the causes of the problems in the current ideological and political education of college students.
(A) the openness of the network and the infinity of time and space are the essence of moral problems of college students.
In real life, college students will be bound by realistic factors such as morality and others' speech, and they are very concerned about their own speech and personal behavior. College students can get rid of all kinds of constraints in real life in online activities, express their opinions freely and even spread their opinions all over the world. Such a relaxed environment will impact the thoughts of college students to a certain extent, and such an out-of-control speech environment will make college students feel free and relaxed, and they will have no scruples in speaking. The internet has broken through the geographical restrictions between people, and you can communicate with anyone you don't know. Under the network environment, there is no strict management organization and effective rules and regulations. Because of this concealment and looseness, college students are prone to all kinds of network moral anomie.
(B) the infiltration of some bad ideas in the network.
Due to the rapid development of the Internet and the lack of an effective public opinion supervision system, people have no qualms about expressing their opinions. College students are more receptive to fresh ideas, and some western cultures have infiltrated into our culture with the help of the Internet. It affects the physical development of college students. At the same time, in some cases, due to the inducement of bad information, some students may be affected again and even embark on some criminal paths such as cyber hacking.
(3) College students' own reasons.
When college students enter the university, they just break away from the bondage of their families, have poor self-control and are interested in new things, but they are easily out of control and addicted to the online world. In many universities, every year, some students who give up their studies because they are too addicted to the internet are persuaded to quit. In the network, especially in online games, many people will find a sense of accomplishment and satisfaction there, and even feel the maximization of their own value and the care of others. When the happiness gained online is unrealistic, they will put more experience and time into the online world; When they encounter setbacks in real life, they are more inclined to seek virtual comfort in the network and passively escape the contradiction of reality. This will lead to the decline of college students' personal security, problems in communication with others, and finally it is difficult to integrate into society.
Third, how to strengthen college students' ideological and political education on the Internet.
(A) the use of the Internet to resist the infiltration of western culture.
It is necessary to strengthen the education of scientific world outlook and methodology on the Internet and publicize the Party's line, principles and policies on the Internet. Deng Xiaoping Theory and? Theory of Three Represents theory? Thought, strengthen patriotism education, and ensure that ideological and political education has a correct political direction. At the same time, we should focus on some major political issues, ideological sensitive issues and issues that affect the overall situation of stability, take a clear-cut stand, actively guide, and strongly criticize erroneous ideological trends. Strengthening the management and guidance of network culture, cracking down on network crime, cleaning up online cultural rubbish, standardizing online behavior and providing a good online living space for college students as much as possible are the healthy and orderly development of network cultural order.
(B) the use of the Internet to carry forward the national spirit and strengthen patriotism education.
Through the network platform, carry out various activities to carry forward the national spirit, convey a healthy and upward thought to college students, and carry forward and cultivate the national spirit. On the one hand, it can strengthen college students' sense of national identity, enhance their sense of responsibility and morality, and thus consciously restrain their behavior; On the other hand, the enhancement of national identity can also strengthen the ideological and moral quality of college students, so that college students can consciously resist the infiltration of some hostile forces in the West into China's ideological level.
(3) Make use of the characteristics of the network to carry out rich activities, so that ideological and political education can be combined online and offline.
For example, many students now have their own computers. Counselors and classmates can form a group. You can talk about your thoughts, cultural activities and other psychological problems online, and counselors can find some problems in time and guide them. But the premise is that this activity must create a relaxed and harmonious scope, instead of focusing on seriousness blindly, we should pay attention to combining the characteristics of the network itself.
(D) Pay attention to the network mental health of college students.
With the gradual emergence of various problems in the internet age, various symptoms began to flood among college students, such as? Network psychological disorder? Colleges and universities? Psychological counseling center? It is necessary to set up targeted psychological counseling courses to let college students know in time? Network psychological disorder? The causes, especially Internet addiction, information anxiety, interpersonal isolation, how to prevent it before it happens, and how to prevent it to varying degrees? Network psychological disorder? Students should do a good job in consultation, adjustment and treatment in time, so that college students in the network age can grow up healthily and return to normal study and life. We can make use of the characteristics of the network that is not limited by space to establish an acceptable communication interface for some college students, face all kinds of problems of college students with an equal and inclusive attitude, make college students' psychological counseling not limited to face-to-face communication, solve the alert psychology of clients in traditional psychological counseling, make the work depth and effectiveness reach the due level, and establish an online ideological and political education system that conforms to the characteristics of the network era.
(5) Cultivate a group of advanced compound ideological and political educators.
Under the new situation, we should not only pay attention to cultivating the political theory level of ideological and political educators, but also improve their political work level; At the same time, we should also improve and cultivate their level of using network information technology. Such ideological and political educators can not only fundamentally ensure the correct orientation of online ideological and political education, but also solve various problems in online ideological and political education in a timely and effective manner, so that online ideological and political education is in a benign operation state.
In a word, we should make good use of the network, which is an important carrier of our ideological and political education, and do it well. In this way, it is more conducive to the construction of ideological and political education in colleges and universities in China, so that college students can develop physically and mentally and devote themselves to socialist construction in China.
References:
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