But the golden ratio is more like the legend of the city than the secret key of the universe; It doesn't describe snail shells, Parthenon, pyramids or beautiful faces as people generally think. A new study shows that the golden ratio exists in human skulls: anatomists say this is nonsense. The golden ratio of "kdspe" and "kdsps", also known as sacred ratio, is an infinite number approximately equal to 1.6 18. Its calculation method is to divide a line into two unequal parts, so that the long part divided by the small part is equal to the whole line divided by the long part. (a/b = (a+b)/a =1.61809989798948 420 ...) "kdspe" and "kdsps" Association: Picture: the most beautiful equations "kdspe" and "kdsps" in the world. The golden ratio does exist in some places, for example, the seeds or leaves of some plants are arranged, which inspires some arts, such as salvador dali. But many previous studies have also shown that the golden ratio exists in human anatomy and physiology-for example, in our fingers, fertile uterus, red blood cells, and even healthy blood pressure-and most of these statements are not in line with the actual science. Dr. Raphael Tamago, a professor of neurosurgery at Johns Hopkins Medical College, said: "No one thinks that there is a proportion in the human skull." Kdspe "kdspe" is a manual operation for many years. First, measure the skull with a hand ruler. Tamago began to realize that the size of the skull might follow the golden ratio. In order to get more accurate figures, Tamago and his colleague Dr. Jonathan Pindrick (neurosurgeon at National Children's Hospital and assistant professor of neurosurgery at Ohio State University School of Medicine) decided to analyze the skulls of humans and other mammals at the same time.
They first analyzed the CT scan results of 100 patients who were sent to the hospital for various reasons such as trauma. They found that the two lines on the skull followed the golden ratio. One of the lines extends from the bottom of the nose near the eyebrows (called nasal cavity) to the bottom of the back of the head (called nasal cavity). Another imaginary line also extends from the nasal cavity to a point on the top of the head where the three bones of the skull meet (called bregma).
In other words, the researchers found that the line from nasal cavity to nasal cavity divided by the line from meibomian to nasal cavity is equal to 1.64 on average. The line from Boureima to Yining divided by the line from Naxiweng to Boureima is equal to 1.57 on average. Tamago said that these figures are "based on mistakes" and "within the golden ratio".
But, of course, you can draw any line on your body and finally get the golden ratio, so the key is to find "structures that make sense in other situations," he said. In this case, from the tip of the nose to the back of the head (from the tip of the nose to the buttocks) is a very important line, because in almost all mammals, it contains the midline of the brain, which allows you to understand the complexity of animals, he said.
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However, Lawrence Whitmore, a professor of anatomy at Ohio University, disagreed. He was not involved in the study. He told the reporter of Life Science: "There are many problems in this research. One of the important problems is that their own data about human beings do not support the golden ratio, because they did not find 1.5438+08, but found 65438+. . Numbers "are close to but not a magical aggregation of some mathematical ideal." "
"This whole thing seems to be an attempt to distinguish people from other animals," added Whitmore.
Tamago and his team also analyzed 70 skulls of six other mammals collected by the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History in Washington. They found that the skulls of other mammals did not follow the golden ratio. The rabbit is farthest from it, the dog and two monkeys are in the middle, and the lion and tiger are closest to it. This is a small sample, but there may be signs that when you increase the complexity of organisms and animals, the skull can approach the golden ratio, Tamago said. He said that although people always think that monkeys are more like humans than lions and tigers, the two kinds of monkeys they see-blue monkeys and rhesus monkeys-are far away from us. "I really want to see the skulls of chimpanzees and bonobos and see how many there are," because these primates are the closest to humans intellectually, "he added.
Tamago said that the existence of golden ratio in biological systems may even optimize their structure or function. But Dale Ritter, the chief lecturer in human anatomy at Albert Medical College (AMS) at Brown University in Rhode Island who was not involved in the study, said, "I really don't know what it means in the skull." He said: "The existence of this proportion in different species and systems does not mean that it is the basis for optimizing structure and function, nor does it mean that it is a symbol of efficiency. More importantly, the author gave mammals the golden ratio of grades, not the process of evolution, "Ritter told Field Science. Ritter and witmer agree that these animals are arranged in a complicated and biased order of "golden ratio" and can be rearranged in different ways, thus producing less impressive results. I don't understand ... unless it tries to divide the rest of mankind and nature into some inevitable ideal again, Whitmore said:
"I think the first problem with this paper is that it is almost (maybe not) scientific." . But "with so many bones and so many interesting points on these bones, I think there will be at least some" golden ratio "in other parts of the human skeletal system. The discovery of "KDSP" and "KDSP" was published in the Journal of Craniofacial Surgery on September 1. " KDSPE "picture: the largest number of images in the existing image library that defines the universe: the quirk of human anatomy" kdspe ". Published in Life Science.
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