As for the latter description, there are a lot of specious and unheard-of scientific terms, such as "semen autolysis", such as "female intrauterine gland" and "distance inheritance", all of which are fabricated. Be vigilant when you see this vague description in the future.
Nowadays, many people's ignorance of human reproduction may be attributed to skipping important chapters in middle school physics health class. Now, let's start from the beginning.
Look at the female part first. Female primary oocytes usually stay quietly in the primordial follicles of the ovary. Only shortly before ovulation, follicles began to mature gradually and finally matured in follicular rupture. The secondary oocytes in the second metaphase enter the fallopian tube and wait to meet the sperm. If the oocytes are not fertilized within 24 hours after ovulation, the secondary oocytes will degenerate. In women's menstrual cycle, unfertilized eggs will be discharged with blood and endometrium. As for those useless sperm of heroes, even if they can "autolyse", it is useless. If their genetic material is not degraded by nuclease, it will be excreted with menstruation.
Although men have tens of millions of sperm every time they ejaculate, only a small part of them can pass through the cervix, then walk into the right fallopian tube and meet the eggs that have just arrived here. In the end, only one sperm can penetrate the thick shell of the egg to complete fertilization. After sperm nucleus and part of cytoplasm enter the egg, a barrier is immediately formed outside the fertilized egg through zona pellucida reaction and egg membrane blocking to prevent other sperm from entering. Then the fertilized egg gradually divides and develops, and the cilia in the fallopian tube swing, sending the fertilized egg to the uterus for implantation. These steps are closely linked, leaving no room for any influence on foreign genetic material. In fact, if the eukaryotic genome can be inserted and modified by foreign genes so easily, transgene will be a common phenomenon in nature, unlike the complicated steps that need to be completed in the laboratory now.
2. What about "remote inheritance" that Darwin also supported?
Myth: Professor Q-L. Wang's research group recently published an academic review article entitled Darwin's Contribution to Genetics. It is pointed out that Darwin's contribution to the theory of biological evolution is well known, but his contribution to biogenetics is little known. His main contribution to genetics is to collect a large number of genetic data and try to provide a theoretical framework for explanation. Darwin clearly described almost all genetic phenomena, including "distant ancestors". In chapter 1 1 of Variation, Darwin collected many examples of self-proclaimed "distant ancestors".
Biologist Darwin found such a fact in his book The Origin of Species: In the English countryside, a "gray" sow mated with a "dark brown" boar and gave birth to a "hybrid" pig. Soon the "dark brown" boar died, and the "gray" sow mated with the local "boar" and gave birth to the second piglet. What is puzzling is that this little pig has a mottled "brown mane", which is a bit like their "late father" before. Darwin called this phenomenon "indirect inheritance". For this phenomenon, Darwin racked his brains and couldn't understand it.
Truth: Let's start with Darwin. Chapter 1 1 on the Origin of Species is actually "on the geological succession of organisms" and has nothing to do with "variation". The statement quoted in the rumor is actually adapted from a famous description in the fifth chapter of the Origin of Species: "Lord Morton has a famous hybrid, which is a cross between a chestnut mare and a male spotted donkey. The hybrid and purebred offspring of this chestnut mare and black Arabian horse, and later the horizontal stripes on the legs are more obvious than those of the purebred spotted donkey. "
Now you know how rumors changed Darwin's words. First of all, Darwin studied horses (and the extinct spotted donkey), not pigs. Secondly, Darwin cited this example to show that hybrids are more prone to genetic atavism, because he went on to write, "In some equine species, the stripes of young horses are more obvious or more common than those of old horses ... I dare to recall with confidence that thousands of generations ago, there was an animal with zebra stripes, and its structure was probably very different. This is a domestic horse (whether they are handed down from one or several wild species).
Although Darwin was an evolutionary genius, his concept of genetics was full of mistakes. In Darwin's time, Mendel's pea experiment was unknown, and the concept of gene was unheard of by the public. Rao Yi, president of Peking University Academy of Life Sciences, once summarized many fallacies of Darwin in the article "Important Mistakes of Great Scientists: Darwin's Genetics" [3]. So even if Darwin really believes in the so-called "distant ancestor theory", it can't bring the slightest authority to this theory.
In fact, in an era when genes are unknown and molecular genetics has not yet been established, "distant ancestors" have certain influence. But since Mendel, researchers have found that many traits "neither like mother nor like father" can be completely explained by dominant and recessive genes. This theory has been proved completely wrong. If a person still believes in the overthrown theory of "distant ancestors", then there may be a spell that can help him eliminate the influence of distant ancestors. It is appropriate to say it silently for a hundred times before making love: "Srep Ape Rom Daer! ……"[5]
This myth also mentions a paper entitled Darwin's Contribution to Genetics [6]. This paper is true. The study was published in the Polish Journal of Applied Genetics. In the paper, the author mentioned that four studies in recent years can be used as evidence to support distant inheritance, and the latest one was How Do We Know Me published by Mole in 2006 [7]. However, the mole's article is not a paper, but an essay. In Mole's essays, only a few paragraphs mentioned telegony, focusing on what he got from chatting with a woman who had a champion dog. According to Mole's article, this lady knows the dog's genetic genes, but she still said that according to her experience, once a purebred champion bitch mates with a half-breed dog, her state will definitely plummet because "her blood is stained".
Conclusion: The rumor is cracked. Atavism doesn't exist. Will sperm enter a woman's body for the first time affect her children's genes in the future?
In view of seeing a post written by a cat to identify virgins and replying to thousands of replies, cat friends expressed their opinions and vomited in succession. After reading it, the kitten felt terrible. Children born after discovering that they are not virgins are really like others, not like themselves!
This is a "distant ancestor theory" put forward by a British scientist, which was widely circulated in China in 2008. Being madly reprinted and disseminated on the Internet is regarded as a powerful argument against right and wrong. So whether this is true or not, the kitten is really curious, and it inquired a lot of information overnight. I believe everyone wants to know the conclusion. Listen to me. Don't worry, after the broadcast.
Telegony's theory says that both men and women inherit the characteristics of their ex-partners, not just women. Saliva, semen and blood will all enter each other's bodies, be absorbed and become each other's genes, so that future generations will have the characteristics of their previous partners.
This is put forward by an Englishman named Dr. gossi. Interested cat friends can go to the British website to search for Dr. gossipg or
Dr. Gossy, find the English version of this article here. Have a look.
However, this person and the related papers or academic terms mentioned in it can't be found on British websites or world search engines at all.
There is no British Institute of Anthropology.
Some people said that they had written this article on April Fool's Day, which had a great negative impact, and then it was constantly tampered with by netizens in a few years. apology ........
The article written by the British Institute of Anthropology may really be written by that person on April Fool's Day.
Look at the following conclusion. This conclusion is the joke that we are wandering on the internet now, but the original text is slightly different from what we see now. I put brackets. Which biologist said these words? I didn't say experiment. I just said the biologist's point of view and explanation, which has no convincing basis. But after being tampered with by domestic netizens, it is a bit fake. After that, the articles of new deceased fathers are very common, and many of them can find the original author. I have heard a person's opinion on this article among the refuters before. His wife is a doctor studying at the Royal Institute of Anthropology. She has never heard that it has been published in Britain, and such publication is completely out of due process.
So when you see this, you should know that this theory really doesn't hold water. The article about the change of women's genes by pre-semen, which is so popular in China, is only a part of the pseudo-scientific theory about women, as a strong evidence of their attack mistakes, and omits a part of men.
Having said that, everyone still feels unconvincing, so please tell the cat friends who don't know much about the semen composition and the semen results in the woman's body.
Only 30% of semen is sperm, and the other 70% is seminal plasma. In normal reproduction, only 1 sperm can successfully combine with eggs, and the consequences of the remaining hundreds of millions are very concerned.
Sperm contains protein, deoxyribonucleic acid and a small amount of hormones. There are many components in seminal plasma, as well as various sugars. First of all, some sperm enter the female body and flow out of the body, while others autolyse. After dissolution, sperm will dissociate into protein and deoxyribonucleic acid (components of DNA). In higher organisms, protein is not a genetic material. If it is absorbed by human body, protein will be further hydrolyzed into amino acids, which is no different from amino acids absorbed from food. Just like eating eggs and drinking milk. This is why women may gain weight after marriage and their lower abdomen will protrude. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic material in higher organisms, but it will also be hydrolyzed into small molecules of deoxynucleotides. Only when DNA is arranged in a certain order will genetic effects be produced. Once hydrolyzed, it will lose this effect, which is no different from absorption from food. Just as we also eat chicken blood, we will not become chickens or lay eggs after absorbing chicken DNA. As for sex hormones, most of them are lipids, and a few are derivatives of amino acids, which will also be hydrolyzed into small molecules. The absorption of these androgens by the woman's body will make some subtle changes in her body, which is why women can reduce dysmenorrhea, make her face rosy and her skin better after marriage. A small amount of bactericide in semen can also kill bacteria in vagina. Those small molecules above are necessary substances for the human body to synthesize various protein and nucleic acids, that is, various organic substances. No matter where they come from, they will recombine in the human body and will not remain the same. (Except for some harmful substances)
As for the variation of maternal cells, it is true that when it is influenced by some physical (such as nuclear radiation, ultraviolet rays), chemical (such as nitrite) and biological (such as aflatoxin and some viruses) mutagens, the possibility of genetic material (that is, DNA sequence) in cells will increase many times, but the influence of this variation on future generations is often very serious, which usually leads to deformity or hereditary diseases. However, the probability of this mutation is very small, and it will not mutate because of male sperm (if it does mutate, it is not a simple problem of what future generations look like, but a serious genetic problem).
As long as it is bisexual reproduction, offspring will not be the product of a simple combination of two personal traits, and there will be many new traits that are neither like father nor mother.
Now science is very developed, and genetic engineering and epigenetics have appeared. According to a hypothesis of non-distance genetic extension: after DNA hydrolysis, a few residual DNA fragments may enter cells with the help of bacteria and viruses to replace their own DNA, which is the principle of genetic engineering. But it is worth noting that those DNA experiments abroad are all artificial and can be realized in a non-laboratory environment, not in a woman's uterus. If this theory is true and can absorb each other's genes in the blood circulation, then men can also be replaced by DNA in female body fluids. As long as I give you blood and kisses, you can change your genes, but obviously this is impossible. Even normal communication in daily life can make human beings change their genes, but this is not the case. Human genes are very stable, which is why we have always been human and will not become other animals.
There is only one possibility that a child looks like my late husband in the natural environment, that is, this woman keeps sexual relations with her ex-husband at the same time, so that both men's sperm have a chance to conceive, and only my late husband's sperm is conceived, not now, so distant relatives may arise.
With regard to sperm autolysis, DNA, a genetic substance in sperm and sex hormones, can make the maternal cells undergo genetic variation and be assimilated, thus causing changes in the subsequent egg cells, thus producing the effect of "distance-free inheritance". There is no scientific report, and there is no such comment in the world's authoritative magazines Nature and Science. I think this so-called science is probably a "magic" quack from a telephone pole. Even these unfounded nonsense. In addition, science has proved that close contact between two people will lead to gene induction, which will make the biological characteristics of two people (biological form is not equal to gene) tend to be consistent and produce some similarity. This is why couples who have lived together for decades will gradually become husband and wife, and the children's personality will be similar to that of their parents (this does not rule out personality inheritance). Girls who have lived together know why the menstrual cycles of sisters tend to be consistent after living together for a period of time.
DNA is copied strictly according to semi-conservativeness, and heterologous DNA is completely decomposed by various enzymes in the body!
Semen can change a woman's genes. These things are pseudoscience based on a scientific theory, which is very deceptive in itself. On the surface, it seems "very reasonable", but it doesn't actually exist. Because human genes are very stable, and if this theory says, then the treatment of many human genetic diseases is no longer a problem!
1. Genetic material: The genetic material is deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). It only exists in the nucleus and mitochondria of cells.
2. Ribosome: (abbreviated as ribosome, ribosome, complex-polyribonucleoprotein)
Diameter: 170-230 angstrom; Shape: small particles; Structure: It consists of two subunits, which are approximately hemispherical and have different sizes. It is an organelle without a membrane. There is a channel between these two subunits to accommodate messenger RNA, transfer RNA and other factors. Usually several to dozens of ribosomes combine with long MRNA chains to form a bead complex, which is called polyribonucleoprotein. Composition: RNA 60%, protein 40%; Function: Synthesis Center in protein; Conclusion-The genetic material is DNA, which means ribosomes are not genetic material.
3. Internal gland: I think the original author refers to the female internal gonad. The female gonad is the ovary.
4. Sex hormones: Male testes secrete testosterone-based male hormones, ovaries secrete estrogen-based estradiol and progesterone-based progesterone, and a small amount of testosterone. These sex hormones are steroid hormones. To put it bluntly, it is a substance similar to fat. Its main function is to stimulate the development of accessory organs and the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics, and maintain normal sexual desire and reproductive ability.
5. Sex cells: namely germ cells (gametes). Chromosomes in sex cells are haploid (n). Which is the human egg.
According to the nature of the above organs and substances, the following judgments can be made:
1. It is wrong to release a genetic material "nucleosome" in the article, and nucleosome is not genetic material.
2. More absurdly, "nuclear protein" is absorbed by the internal glands of female reproductive organs. I think the female internal gland in this article should not refer to the ovary, but to the vagina, cervix and uterus, because the so-called "nuclear protein" cannot reach the ovary. Can uterine epithelium absorb macromolecular protein like small intestine? Obviously not! Protein absorbed by the small intestine is also digested into amino acids.
3. Semen also contains a variety of sex hormones, which are also absorbed by women. Hormones act on all parts of the body through blood circulation. Hormones are also macromolecules and cannot be absorbed by uterine epithelium.
4. The genetic material deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in absorbed sperm and sex hormones can't make the maternal cells inherit, and the health of DNA can't be destroyed and rearranged in the natural environment.
In addition, semen can only survive for 2-3 days at most in a woman's body, most of which will be excreted, and a small amount will be eliminated with endometrial shedding in the next menstrual period, and even a smaller amount of components will be absorbed, so it is incorrect to say that male semen will remain in a woman's body for10-20 years or even permanently change her genes. Good people in high school know this.
If you don't mind finding a wife in a different place, you don't have to worry about your child's genetic impurity. The baby's genes only depend on you and your wife, not the third person.
This is just a popular science post. I don't have any opinion on what is right or wrong. I just hope that when I encounter any "strange theories" in the future, I will give priority to science and authority instead of following other people's advice.