Composition: What to do is: infinitive symbol+verb prototype.
Usage: infinitives of verbs are general, progressive, complete, complete and negative. The passive forms of infinitive verbs are general form, perfect form and progressive form. Take write as an example to illustrate the tense and voice forms of infinitives;
Activity form:
General (non-) writing
Write (not) perfectly
Write (not)
When it is finished (not always writing).
Passive form:
General formula to be written (not)
Write (not) perfectly
First of all, the tense of infinitive:
The general form of 1. infinitive means that it appears almost at the same time as the predicate or after the predicate verb.
He helped the old man clean the house. He helped the old man clean the house.
He is glad to see our success. He is glad to see our success.
It is human nature to make mistakes, and forgiveness is sacred. Everyone makes mistakes, but tolerance is for finding people. Everyone makes mistakes, and tolerance is the best.
I will meet a friend at the airport. I'm going to meet my friend at the airport.
He invited me to see him this summer. He asked me to see him this summer.
I'm glad to take my sister to the country next Sunday. I'm glad to take my sister to the country next Sunday.
2. Complete infinitive: It means that the action occurs before the predicate action, or it is completed before a certain time in the future after the predicate verb.
I was glad to see your mother yesterday. I was glad to see your mother yesterday.
He thought it a pity that we were not invited. He thought it a pity that we were not invited.
This monument was built in memory of the explorer who is believed to have discovered the river.
I promise to finish reading this book by next Tuesday.
I hope to see him before I leave tomorrow.
3. The progressive aspect of infinitive: the expression and the predicate verb appear at the same time.
Things seem to be going well. Everything seems to be going well.
It is said that you are writing a paper on pollution. It is said that you are writing a paper on pollution.
We didn't expect you to wait for us. We didn't expect you to wait for us here.
I'm sorry to solve your problems at this time. I'm sorry to bother you at this time.
Come on, he must be waiting for us.
I don't like that you are always late for work.
When I got there so late, I didn't expect them to be waiting for me.
4. When the infinitive is completed, the action indicating the infinitive is an action that has been going on before the time indicated by the predicate verb:
We are very happy to work with you. We are very happy to work with you these days.
As we all know, this struggle has been going on for more than 20 years. It is known that this struggle has lasted for more than 20 years.
It is said that they have been collecting folk songs in Yunnan. It is said that they have been collecting folk songs in Yunnan.
It seems that he has been waiting for a long time. It seems that he has been waiting for a long time.
He seems to have been sitting there all day. He seems to have been sitting there all day.
5. General passivity of infinitive: When the logical subject of infinitive is the receiver of the action expressed by infinitive, infinitive should be passive.
You should be congratulated. You should be congratulated.
Visitors are not allowed to touch anything in the exhibition. All visitors in the exhibition are untouchable.
It is a great honor to be chosen as a model worker. It is a great honor to be chosen as a model worker.
I am glad to have the opportunity to visit your country. I am glad to have the opportunity to visit your country.
He doesn't like him to be so commendable. He doesn't like being praised like that.
Doctors can be called at any time of day or night. Doctors can be on call.
With the end of the twentieth century, the raw materials of a great national literature are at hand, waiting to be used. At the end of the twentieth century, we have accumulated many original themes that can promote great national literature, and these themes are waiting to be used.
Mr. Johnson prefers Javier to work. Mr. Johnson would rather do more heavy work.
These books are not allowed to be taken out of the reading room. Don't take the books out of the reading room.
It is said that Robert spent a sleepless night in the hospital, taking care of his sick mother.
B: Yes. He is sleeping soundly now.
I will go back to our hometown the day after tomorrow. Do you have anything to take to your parents?
-No, thank you. I will come back in a few days.
The letter was ordered to be typed at once.
People hope to achieve greater success.
Bitten by a dog, he should be sent to the hospital for examination.
6. Completely passive: indicates the passive action before the predicate action.
It is good for him to be criticized. It is good that he is criticized.
He thinks it an honor to be invited to the party. He felt honored to be invited to the party.
She is the first woman to be elected to this position. She is the first woman to be elected to this position.
I'm glad to get this opportunity. I'm glad to have this opportunity.
Nothing seems to have been forgotten.
According to the local newspaper, the bank was robbed in broad daylight yesterday.
She didn't talk to me yesterday. She is unhappy.
Well, it seems that she has been told about it.
7. Negative forms of infinitives: negative adverbs not or never, less, hardly, etc. It should be placed before the infinitive symbol.
To be or not to be, that is a question. To be or not to be, that is a question.
I can't see him anywhere. I can't find him anywhere.
He got up so as not to miss the train. He got up early in order to catch the train.
It is not expected to be taken away until next Monday. People hope it won't be taken away until next week.
She had a premonition that she didn't see me when I passed by. She pretended not to see me.
He works hard so as not to make mistakes. In order to avoid mistakes, he works very hard.
Tom kept silent about the accident so as not to lose his job. Tom kept silent about the accident in order not to lose his job.
It is said that in the past few years, AIDS has been the biggest challenge to the health of men and women in this region. It is said that AIDS has become the biggest health killer facing men and women in this area in recent years.
Mrs Smith warned her daughter not to drink and drive.
The boy wanted to ride a bike in the street, but his mother told him not to.
This is his knowledge of grammar. I hope it will help you and be adopted!