Check whether the roadbed and track laying meet the requirements, bury the ground anchor, and determine the position of the ground anchor according to the rotation and lifting direction of the vertical tower and the total height of the tower body. Ground anchors are divided into main ground anchors and auxiliary ground anchors. The main ground anchor is the key to the erection of the tower. All the loads of rotating and lifting the tower are borne by the main ground anchor, but the ground anchor is still needed when the tower is dismantled. Therefore, it must be carefully buried to achieve the required bearing capacity, and anti-corrosion treatment should be done well. The center of the ground anchor wheel must be consistent with the center of the gauge, so as to ensure that the tower drum always rotates along the central plane of the gauge during lifting, without eccentricity, so as to ensure the balance of the gantry. The function of the auxiliary ground anchor is to loosen the wire rope with the rotation when lifting the tower. The anchor here is used as the anchorage point of the safety wire rope to prevent the tower from falling in the opposite direction during the rotation.
The above contents are compiled according to the problems encountered by the students in their actual work for reference. If in doubt, please communicate and correct in time.
Question 2: What are the five points for attention in tower crane operation?
When using, it should be fully covered, the lifting weight should meet the requirements, and measures should be taken where it can't be reached. There is a clear passage for lifting materials.
In terms of installation and disassembly, it should be convenient and can be installed and disassembled.
Others:
Installation and disassembly operations, etc. There should be a professional unit to work.
Foundation, must have a design.
The operator must have a certificate.
Question 3: What should I pay attention to when commanding tower cranes? Pay attention to this question:
Tower crane driver:
1, tower crane appearance should be checked frequently, and the wear and tear of structural parts, electrical devices, transmission mechanisms and wire ropes should be recorded. If there are potential safety hazards, it shall be reported in time or repaired and replaced in time.
2, do a good job of daily maintenance, standard section connecting screws must be checked once a week (tighten).
3. Before lifting, check the hoisting, slewing and walking mechanisms, as well as the brakes, brakes and protective devices. After it is confirmed to be normal, normal construction (lifting objects) can be carried out.
4, the driver should know the weight of the lifting object, shall not be overloaded.
5. Drivers and commanders should cooperate closely and communicate in time to prevent misoperation.
6, the driver should be in the process of lifting sound signal.
7. When the tower crane is running, no one can be under the crane. When lifting the crane, the driver should try to avoid the crowd, and the crane should not pass above the crowd.
8. No one is allowed to rise or fall with the hanging objects.
9, adhere to the principle of "ten don't lift", it is forbidden to cable-stayed or lifting buried objects, etc.
10, all kinds of limit of tower crane are strictly prohibited to dismantle or change.
1 1, there should be enough lighting for construction at night.
12, level 5 and above, no running is allowed in bad weather such as strong wind or rain and fog.
Second, the tower crane driver, the head of the construction team, the team leader and the operator using the tower crane:
1, before lifting all kinds of objects, you must check the wear of wire rope. If the wire rope is broken, it is forbidden to use it. It is forbidden to use it when the fixture fails. Not at all.
2, the general contractor team must set up someone who's in charge of tower crane command. If you don't set up a full-time tower crane command, all the consequences will be at your own risk.
3. The hoisted objects must be firmly bound, safe and effective, and the material specifications are unified. It is forbidden to tie the same materials with different specifications and lengths together for lifting or pile them on the material platform; Different materials are not allowed to be mixed together, bundled and lifted, or stacked on the material platform. When lifting the steel pipe, the fasteners and clips on the steel pipe must be removed and cleaned to avoid falling and injuring people and destroying things. Steel pipes with different specifications are not allowed to be stacked on the material platform, and it is forbidden to tie steel pipes with different specifications together for lifting. When lifting wood square, board and bamboo plywood, the length must be consistent, and the lifting should be classified. Mixing and bundling are prohibited. It is forbidden to mix and lift steel pipes with wood squares, plates, bamboo veneer and other materials, and it is also forbidden to pile steel pipes with wood squares, plates, bamboo veneer and other materials on the material platform.
4, it is forbidden to overload, overload lifting.
5. When lifting large formwork and steel formwork, the formwork must be completely separated from the concrete wall, and all kinds of connections must be completely lifted. The side of the suspended formwork shall not be stuck by other formwork or objects. Otherwise, lifting is not allowed. In the process of lifting, the tower crane driver should keep in touch with the following operators or tower crane commanders at any time. If the hoisted object is stuck by steel bars, shelves or other objects, it is forbidden to continue lifting, and it must be stopped immediately before lifting.
6. When hoisting large steel formwork or other materials and objects, only when the distance between the large steel formwork or other materials and objects to be hoisted is less than 1 m can the operators on the floor (ground) approach the support.
7, lifting large steel mold, there must be a specialist command (responsible for contact with tower crane), specialist help mold, installation. The commander must work with the operators and installers.
8. Before pouring concrete, large slabs of temporary walkways must be laid, and protective railings should also be checked. If there is any damage, it must be filled up to prevent accidents. The specific requirements are as follows: ① The height of the guardrail is between 1.0 ~ 1.2 meters, and two horizontal railings and safety nets of the guardrail are installed at the same time. (2) Temporary walkway boards must be laid firmly, fixedly and stably. Each large slab should be laid well, and there should be no "missing (empty) head" phenomenon, so as to avoid laying hidden dangers and causing unnecessary safety accidents. (3) When pouring concrete, be sure to move forward, and don't hold the catheter backwards, so as to avoid falling or tripping, causing unsafe accidents.
9, rain (snow), fog, strong winds and other bad weather for concrete pouring, but also to put safety first, we must do a good job of protecting workers. All construction personnel must wear safety helmets and non-slip shoes to prevent unsafe accidents.
10, in the cantilever and suspended parts for construction work, scaffolding (board) must be set up according to the requirements of safety operation procedures or specifications, and fasten your seat belt. It is forbidden to stand on steel pipes, columns (walls, single beams) > >;
Question 4: What aspects should be paid attention to in tower crane installation? 1. Is there a special installation scheme? 2. Whether the installation unit has the corresponding qualifications and whether the installation personnel have the qualifications; 3, whether the equipment is in good condition, installation tools are complete and in good condition (including car crane); 4, on-site commanders, safety personnel are qualified and responsible at the scene; 5. Whether the safety protection is implemented (including whether the on-site warning scope is delineated and whether the facilities are in place), and whether the safety disclosure is clear. During the installation of the tower ceiling, the superstructure is suspended. Once the boom and balance arm are out of balance, the tower crane will collapse, so don't take it lightly!
Question 5: Please refer to the Technical Specifications for Installation, Dismantling and Use Safety of Tower Cranes in Building Construction for matters needing attention.
The following is the copied content:
3. Installation of tower crane
3. 1 Installation unit conditions of tower crane
3. 1. 1 The tower crane installation unit must have the professional contracting qualification for hoisting equipment installation engineering issued by the construction administrative department and the safety production license of the construction enterprise. Tower crane installation units must be engaged in the installation of tower cranes within the scope of their qualifications.
3. 1.2 The installation unit of tower crane shall have professional technicians in addition to the professional technicians specified in the qualification grade standard, and also professional operators suitable for the project undertaken. The main person in charge, project manager and full-time safety production management personnel shall hold a certificate of safety production assessment. Tower crane installer, electrician, driver, signalman, etc. Have the qualification certificate of special operation in construction.
3. 1.3 The construction unit shall sign a professional contract for installation engineering with the installation unit, so as to clarify the safety production responsibilities of both parties. The implementation of the general construction contract shall be signed by the general construction contractor and the installation unit.
3.2 Installation conditions of tower crane
3.2. 1 Tower crane should have special equipment manufacturing license, product certificate and manufacturing supervision and inspection certificate, and tower crane made abroad should have product certificate, which has been registered in the construction administrative department.
3.2.2 The structure of the tower crane is complete, which conforms to the provisions of GB5 144 Safety Regulations for Tower Cranes.
3.2.3 Tower crane shall not be used under any of the following circumstances:
The state explicitly eliminated; Exceeding the prescribed service life and failing to pass the examination; Safety devices and safety facilities do not meet the national and industrial safety technical standards; There is no complete safety technical file.
3.2.4 Before the tower crane is installed, it must be maintained and comprehensively checked for safety. Structural members with obvious cracks, serious corrosion, whole or local deformation, and connecting shafts (pins) and holes with serious wear and deformation shall be repaired or replaced before installation to make them meet the requirements.
3.2.5 The foundation of the tower crane shall meet the requirements of the instruction manual, and the bearing capacity of the foundation must meet the design requirements of the tower crane. Before installation, the foundation should be concealed engineering acceptance, qualified rear can install. Slope and drainage facilities should be built around the foundation.
3.2.6 The track foundation and track laying of walking tower crane shall be carried out according to the requirements of the instruction manual and shall comply with the provisions of GB5 144.
3.3 Preparation of special construction scheme for tower crane installation
3.3. 1 Before tower crane installation, the installation unit shall prepare a special construction plan for tower crane installation to guide the operators in installation. The special construction plan shall be approved by the technical person in charge of the enterprise and submitted to the construction (general contracting) unit and supervision unit for review.
3.3.2 The special construction scheme for tower crane installation shall be compiled according to the requirements of the instruction manual of tower crane and the actual situation of the construction site. And comply with relevant laws and regulations.
3.3.3 The contents of the special installation plan for tower crane shall include:
1) project overview;
2) Plan and elevation of installation location;
3) Setting, installation sequence and quality requirements of foundations and accessories;
4) Weight and lifting point position of main installation parts;
5) Model, performance and location arrangement of installation auxiliary equipment;
6) setting of power supply;
7) Construction personnel allocation;
8) Equipped with slings and special tools;
9) Major hazard sources and safety technical measures;
10) emergency plan, etc.
3.3.4 Location selection principle of tower crane
Meet the requirements of construction and operation instructions, the site is flat and firm, easy to install and disassemble, and the tower crane can rotate freely when it is not working, with minimal impact on other surrounding buildings.
3.3.5 Design of Tower Crane Foundation
3.3.5. 1 The design and manufacture of tower crane foundation shall give priority to the methods recommended in the instruction manual of tower crane. The bearing capacity of foundation shall be confirmed by the construction (general contracting) unit.
Foundation Type of 3.3.5.2 Tower Crane
1) Fixed concrete foundation
2) Concrete foundation of bearing platform
3) Concrete foundation of lattice column bearing platform
See appendix a for the design and calculation method of 3.3.5.3 tower crane foundation.
3.3.6 Design of accessory devices
3.3.6. 1 The attachment device of tower crane shall conform to the form specified in the operation manual and meet the requirements of attachment height, vertical spacing, horizontal spacing, free end height, etc ... >>
Question 6: What should be paid attention to in tower crane construction at night 1. Before using the tower crane, it must be accepted by the company, and the tower crane use notice acceptance form can be issued before use.
2. Before operation, check the site environment to ensure the safe operation distance and various safety conditions.
3. Check the safety and lubrication of all transmission parts and structural parts.
4. Check whether the limit device and safety device are flexible and reliable.
5. Check whether the wire rope is worn or damaged, and whether it needs to be replaced.
6. At the beginning of the operation, whistle for warning.
7. The driver should operate according to the signals, semaphores and gestures sent by the signal commander during the operation, and honk the horn before the operation. If it is found that the unclear signal or incorrect command will cause an accident, the driver has the right to refuse to implement it and take measures to prevent the accident.
8. During tower group operation, the height between towers must be kept at a safe distance of more than 2 meters, and the boom of low tower should be consistent with that of high tower.
A distance of more than 5 meters.
9. When the low tower rises and increases, the high tower stops working. When the high tower rises, the low tower shall not run within the rising range of the high tower.
10. When the tower crane stops, the hook and luffing trolley must be put in the specified position.
1 1. There must be enough lighting for construction at night, and there should be warning lights on the tower crane.
12. The short tower makes way for the high tower: observe the operation of the high tower before the short tower turns its arm.
13. The rear tower gives way to the first tower: when running in the area where the arms of two tower cranes intersect, the tower crane that enters the area later avoids the tower crane that enters the area first.
14. move the tower to the static tower: when working in the bifurcation area of two tower cranes, the working tower crane should avoid the static tower crane.
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16. The lifting weight must be strictly in accordance with the original factory regulations and shall not be overloaded.
17. The tower crane shall reasonably select slings according to the service conditions and relevant standards. It is forbidden to connect different kinds or models of rigging together.
18. It is not allowed to directly lift heavy objects with hooks. Rigging or special equipment must be used.
19. slender and easy-to-disperse articles should be bundled for more than two times, and there should be two lifting points; In the process of lifting, the hoisted objects should be kept horizontal and not allowed to deviate, so as to avoid accidents when the heavy objects are separated from the binding due to their own weight or vibration.
20. When lifting loose objects, hold them with nets, baskets or other containers, and don't tie them with ropes.
2 1. When lifting large or long objects, slide ropes should be set at both ends of the hoisted objects to prevent swinging.
22. The operation should be carried out in accordance with the procedures. The operation should start from the zero position of the checkpoint, and it is forbidden to cross the file. When changing the direction during the operation of the conveying device, first pull the controller back to zero, and then run in reverse after the transmission stops. It is forbidden to directly change the running direction. The operation should be smooth.
23. The distance between the lifting height of the hook and the boom head should be at least1m..
Question 7: What aspects should be paid attention to in tower crane foundation? Tower crane construction mainly calculates the bearing capacity of piles, the vertical force at the top of piles and the stability of tower cranes.
The tower crane foundation shall:
1, C35 concrete strength grade;
2. The allowable deviation of foundation surface flatness is11000; .
3. The position, elevation, verticality and construction technology of embedded parts meet the requirements of the factory manual.
4. The concrete foundation of the crane must pass the acceptance before it can be used.
5. The metal structure of the crane and the metal shell of all electrical equipment should have reliable grounding devices, and the grounding resistance should not be greater than10Ω.
6, according to the tower crane instructions, check the key parts of the foundation construction quality.
7. To detect the geometric position and size error of tower crane foundation, the horizontal error should be measured within the allowable range, so as to prepare the shim.
8. The machine foot screws shall be set in strict accordance with the plane size required in the manual, and the allowable deviation shall not be greater than 5mm. ..
9. After the foundation concrete is poured, it should be watered and maintained, and the upper structure can be installed only after the concrete reaches the design strength. If it is installed in advance, there must be a test report of the concrete block cured under the same conditions, and the strength meets the requirements of the installation instructions.
10, tower crane foundation concrete should be made in accordance with the provisions, after the test block, foundation reinforcement must be qualified by the quality inspection department, supervision department before pouring concrete, and should make records, hidden inspection. For tower crane acceptance data.
1 1, steel, cement, sand and gravel aggregate should have factory certificate or test report.
12, the soil at the bottom of the tower crane foundation is better, and the excavation should be inspected by the quality inspection department to meet the design requirements and geological report.
13. After the completion of tower crane foundation construction, drainage should be done around to ensure the bearing capacity of basement soil.
14, tower crane lightning protection device should be embedded in the foundation construction, tower crane lightning rod can be directly connected with the foundation slab reinforcement with round steel or flat steel welding. The welding length shall not be less than 10d, and the net area of round steel or flat steel shall not be less than 72L2.
15. According to the construction scheme of pile foundation engineering, strictly control the construction quality of bored pile for tower crane foundation.
16. After formwork removal, set settlement observation points at the four corners of foundation concrete, and complete initial elevation measurement. The upper structure shall be measured again before installation, and once every half a month after installation. If abnormal conditions such as oversize, over-standard and uneven settlement are found, stop using it immediately, and report it to the engineering department of the company for analysis and treatment before deciding to use it intermittently.
Professional tower crane leasing company, tower crane common sense is provided by Taian Juyi Construction Equipment Leasing Co., Ltd.
Question 8: What aspects should be paid attention to in tower crane layout?
When using, it should be fully covered, the lifting weight should meet the requirements, and measures should be taken where it can't be reached. There is a clear passage for lifting materials.
In terms of installation and disassembly, it should be convenient and can be installed and disassembled.
Others:
Installation and disassembly operations, etc. There should be a professional unit to work.
Foundation, must have a design.
The operator must have a certificate.