Gypsum mines are widely distributed in the world, covering more than 60 countries and regions on five continents. They are rich in resources and huge in reserves, but they lack accurate statistical data. The world's gypsum reserves are about 2.4 billion tons, of which the reserves of the United States and Canada account for 49%. The reserves of Britain, France and Germany also occupy an important position, and the reserves of Spain, Italy, Yugoslavia, Greece and Russia also have a certain scale. Gypsum mine resources in China are very rich and widely distributed, and more than 600 mineral deposits have been discovered. According to the forecast of Geological Research Institute of National Building Materials Industry Bureau (1986), China gypsum mine has 665.8 billion tons of E-class reserves and 7649.2 billion tons of F-class reserves. By the end of 1996, there were 169 mineral deposits with proven reserves in 23 provinces and regions, including 79 large mines, 34 medium mines and 56 small mines. B+C+D has accumulated proven gypsum mine reserves of 57.9 billion t, except for the ore reserves consumed over the years of nearly 300 million t, and B+C+D has national gypsum mine reserves of 57.6 billion t, ranking 1 in the world.

Shandong Province has the largest reserves, with gypsum mine reserves of 37.5 billion tons, accounting for 65% of the total gypsum mine reserves in China. Followed by Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, Hunan, Hubei, Ningxia, Tibet, Anhui, Jiangsu, Sichuan 10 provinces, the reserves of gypsum mines are 350 ~1000 million t each, and the total reserves of * * are1600 million t, accounting for 27% of the total reserves of gypsum mines in China; The reserves of gypsum mines in Hebei, Yunnan, Guangxi, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, Gansu, Guangdong, Jilin and autonomous regions are 10 ~ 10 billion tons, totaling 4 billion tons, accounting for 7% of the total reserves of gypsum mines in China. The reserves of gypsum mines in Guizhou, Jiangxi, Liaoning and Xinjiang are 1 ~ 0.4 billion t each, accounting for 300 million t, accounting for 1% of the total reserves of gypsum mines in China.

Among the mineral reserves, 34 (22 large mines, 4 medium mines and 8 small mines) are difficult to be utilized in the near future, and the total reserves of gypsum mines are 40.7 billion t, accounting for 7 1% of the total reserves of gypsum mines in China. They are mainly distributed in the gypsum mining area of Dawenkou Basin in Shandong Province, Zhujiazhuang gypsum mining area in Tai 'an City and Pingyi gypsum mining area in natural sulfur. These three large gypsum mining areas have more than 36 billion tons of gypsum deposits that are difficult to use in the near future, followed by Tibet, Sichuan, Anhui, Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Yunnan and Hebei provinces. The reasons why these mining areas are difficult to use in the near future are that the ore bodies are deeply buried, or the ore grade is low, or the geological and hydrogeological conditions in the mining areas are complex, or the traffic conditions in the mining areas are poor, or the mining and selection are difficult, resulting in poor economic benefits in the near future.

67 mineral deposits (27 large mines, 27 medium mines 15 and 25 small mines) have been developed and utilized, and the total reserves of gypsum mines are 7.2 billion t, mainly distributed in Qinghai, Jiangsu, Shandong, Hebei, Shaanxi and other provinces. Recently, there are 68 mineral deposits available (30 large mines, 30 medium mines 15 and 23 small mines) with a reserve of 9.7 billion tons, mainly distributed in Inner Mongolia and Ningxia, followed by Hebei, Qinghai, Anhui, Henan, Shanxi, Guangxi, Shandong, Hunan, Yunnan and other provinces and regions. There are 135 used and recently available mineral deposits (57 large mines, 30 medium mines and 48 small mines), and the gypsum mine reserves 169 billion tons, which are mainly distributed in seven provinces and regions of Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, Hunan, Hubei, Ningxia, Shandong and Jiangsu. Followed by Hebei, Shaanxi, Henan, Anhui, Yunnan, Guangxi, Gansu, Guangdong, Jilin, Sichuan, Guizhou 12 provinces, with reserves of 80 million-1000,000 t each. In addition, the reserves of Jiangxi, Liaoning and Xinjiang are 0.7-0.1100,000 t each.

Of the mineral reserves, 26% have done exploration geological work, 465,438+0% have done detailed geological work, and 33% have only done general geological work. 82% of the used mineral areas have been explored or investigated in detail. Of the mineral resources available for short-term utilization, 67% have been explored or detailed geological survey; In recent years, it is difficult to use mineral resources, and generally only geological surveys are done. The B+C gypsum mine reserves account for 265,438+0% of the recently used and available mineral areas. Due to the small mining scale, the B+C gypsum mine reserves are 3.7 billion tons, which can basically meet the needs of mine construction and mining. But a few mines have too few B+C reserves, even only D reserves.

Generally speaking, China's gypsum mine reserves are sufficient to meet the needs of industrial production around 20 10. The resource advantage lies in the large and relatively concentrated reserves, which is conducive to large-scale mining and the formation of gypsum and its products production base; However, the geographical distribution of reserves is uneven. Xinjiang, Liaoning, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Jilin and other provinces have less reserves for short-term utilization, while Zhejiang, Fujian, Hainan and Heilongjiang provinces have no reserves. The above-mentioned areas lacking gypsum need to actively carry out prospecting to meet the needs of the production and development of cement and gypsum building materials in various places.

Second, geographical distribution.

1. North China

There are 24 gypsum mines (10 large mines, 9 medium-sized mines and 5 small mines), and the B+C+D gypsum mine has a * * * reserve of 4.9 billion tons, excluding those that are difficult to be utilized in the near future ... 9 mineral resources have been utilized (3 large mines, 4 medium mines and 2 small mines), and the gypsum mine has a reserve of 900 million tons. Shanxi Province is one of the main producing areas of gypsum mines in China. Taiyuan, Lingshi and other large and medium-sized mines have been mined for 50 or 60 years, and Xingtai, Longyao and Jin Hang in Inner Mongolia have also been used. There are 9 mineral deposits (3 large mines, 4 medium mines and 2 small mines) that can be used in the near future, with gypsum reserves of 3.6 billion tons, mainly distributed in the super-large Soviet-grade mines in Otog Banner, Inner Mongolia, with reserves of 3.2 billion tons, followed by large and medium-sized mines in Xiangfen, Linfen and Lucheng, Shanxi.

2. Northeast China

Gypsum mines are distributed in 6 producing areas (2 large mines, 3 medium mines, 1 small mine), and the total reserves of B+C+D gypsum mines are 200 million tons, except for those that are difficult to be utilized in the near future, the reserves are1.60 million tons, which are distributed in Tonghua, Jilin and Liaoning Lighthouse. Dayangcha large mine in Jiangyuan, Jilin Province, Dongre mine in Tonghua and Rongguanzhong mine in Dengta, Liaoning Province have all been utilized, with a total gypsum mine reserve of 654.38+300 million t ... Lower Siping in Tonghua, Jilin Province has 1 small and medium-sized mine, which can be utilized in the near future, with a gypsum mine reserve of 300 million tons.

3. Eastern China

Gypsum mines are distributed in 26 producing areas (20 large mines, 3 medium mines and 3 small mines), and the total reserves of gypsum mines are B+C B+C+D 397 billion tons, except for those that are difficult to be utilized in the near future, only 2.7 billion tons ... Shandong and Jiangsu provinces are one of the main producing areas of gypsum mines in China, and the output of gypsum mines in Anhui Province is increasing day by day. Five large-scale mines located in the northwest of Dawenkou, Tai 'an, Shandong Province, and Kaqiao, Pingyi, Zhoucun, Dongjiasihu and Dingyuan, Anhui Province have been utilized, with a total gypsum mine reserve of 654.38+08 billion tons, among which three mines located in the northwest of Yao, Kaqiao and Zhoucun have particularly large reserves of 270-650 million tons. Recently available mineral deposits 13 (large mines 10, 3 medium-sized mines), with a total gypsum mine reserve of 900 million tons. It is distributed in Zaozhuang, Shandong, Pixian, Jiangsu, Dingyuan, Anhui and Yongxin, Jiangxi.

4. Central and Southern China

Gypsum mines are distributed in 48 producing areas (24 large mines, 9 medium mines, and 5 small mines 15), and the B+C+D horizontal gypsum mine * * * has a reserve of 5.2 billion tons, excluding those that are difficult to be utilized in the near future, with a reserve of 4.8 billion tons ... 24 used mineral deposits (24 large mines 10, 2 medium mines, Hubei Province and Hunan Province are the main producing areas of gypsum mines in China, and the output of gypsum mines in Guangdong Province is increasing. Yingcheng gypsum mine in Hubei Province is an old gypsum mine with a long history in China. It was mined as early as 400 years ago in Jiaqing period of Ming Dynasty, and it is still the main producing area of high-quality fiber gypsum products in China. A number of large and medium-sized mines have been utilized in Shaodong, Shuangfeng, Linli, Shimen, Sihui, Xingning and other places in Hunan Province. Among them, there are two large gypsum mines in Jingmen, Hubei Province, with a reserve of 300-500 million tons, and there are 0/9 mineral deposits (large mines 1 1, 6 medium mines and 2 small mines) that can be utilized in the near future. They are mainly distributed in Hekou Hunan (with a reserve of 654.38+08 billion t), Changle, Shaodong and Dalingtou, Hepu, Guangxi (with a reserve of 300-200 million t), and the rest are distributed in Lixian, Shimen, Xiangtan, Xiangxiang, Shaodong, Hengyang, Sanshui, Guangdong, Lushan and Tongbai.

5. Southwest China

There are 36 gypsum mines (large mine 15, medium mine 3 and small mine 18), and the total reserves of gypsum mines are 3 billion tons, only 530 million tons except those that are difficult to use in the near future. There are 10 used mineral deposits (4 large mines, 5 medium mines 1 0 and 5 small mines), and the B+C+D gypsum mine * * * reserves are 230 million tons. Sichuan Province is one of the main producing areas of gypsum in China. Longmen Gorge and Nongle gypsum mines in Quxian have been mined for 50 or 60 years, and Dawei mine in Emei has been mined for 40 or 50 years, and Wuding and Honghe mines in Yunnan have also been used. There are 12 mineral deposits available for short-term utilization (2 large mines, 2 medium mines 1 and 9 small mines), and gypsum mines have a total reserve of 300 million tons, mainly distributed in Midu, Yunnan (with a reserve of 200 million tons) and Puding, Panxian and other places in Guizhou.

6. Northwest China

There are 29 gypsum mines (9 large mines, 6 medium mines, and small mines 1 mine), and the total gypsum mine reserves of B+C+D are 4.6 billion tons, except for those that are difficult to be utilized in the near future, the gypsum mine reserves are 4.2 billion tons. 0/6 mineral deposits/kloc-have been utilized (4 large mines, 6 medium mines and 6 small mines), and gypsum mine reserves are 2.8 billion tons, mainly distributed in Xining mine in Qinghai (2.2 billion tons) and Xixiang mine in Shaanxi (450 million tons). Gansu Province and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region are one of the main gypsum producing areas in China, Tianzhu and Ningxia in Gansu Province. Recently, there are 12 mineral deposits (4 large-scale mines and 8 small-scale mines), and the total reserves of gypsum mines are10.40 billion t, which are mainly distributed in Hejiakou mine in Tongxin, Ningxia (reserves10.23 billion t) and in Linze, Xining, Qinghai, Minhe and other places in Gansu.