Hu Yongming

Since February 26th, 2022, Shanghai has experienced the severe challenge of an unprecedented complex epidemic. With the correct leadership of the Central Committee and the full support of the whole country, Shanghai has finally won a decisive victory in the "Great Shanghai Defence War" and is relying on the effective long-term mechanism construction to consolidate and develop the hard-won anti-epidemic achievements.

I. Development of epidemic situation in Shanghai

Shanghai experienced a stable epidemic period before February 25th, 2022. The number of infected people increased sharply from February 26th to April 13, and the fluctuation of local actual confirmed cases and local asymptomatic infected people decreased from April 14. On May 3rd1day, most areas in Shanghai realized the development process of social dynamic zero clearance.

The first confirmed case of imported COVID-19 infection was confirmed in National Health Commission on June 20th, 2020. By February 25th, 2022, there were 37 confirmed cases1case, including 7 deaths.

From February 26th, 2022, when the new crown mutant Omicron invaded from abroad to May 30th of the same year, there were 58,000 confirmed cases in Shanghai, plus more than 620,000 asymptomatic infections in Shanghai, of which 588 died. The number of confirmed cases and deaths in Shanghai has increased significantly compared with the previous cumulative number.

A new wave of epidemic in Shanghai, from the development point of view, mainly has the following noteworthy situation:

From February 26 to 28, 2022, there were only 5 cases of asymptomatic infection;

1 The local confirmed cases appeared on March 1 day, and the number of confirmed cases in Japan increased to 96 on March 28th.

On March 29th, there were 326 confirmed cases in China, and on April 7th, the number of confirmed cases in China increased to 824.

On April 8, the national confirmed cases 10 15, and on April 8, the national confirmed cases were 3590.

On April 6th/kloc-0, there were 3238 locally confirmed cases, and on April 29th, the number of locally confirmed cases dropped to 1249.

On April 30th, 788 cases were confirmed nationwide, and by May 14, 66 cases were confirmed nationwide.

On May 15, there were 69 locally confirmed cases, and on May 3 1 5, the number of locally confirmed cases dropped to 5.

Among them, the number of local actual confirmed cases (excluding asymptomatic infected persons, the same below) plus local asymptomatic infected persons reached a peak of 27,605 cases on April 13.

On the whole, the turning point of the new wave of epidemic in Shanghai appeared on April 23. On that day, there were 205 locally confirmed cases and 7 asymptomatic infected cases, which was 7.8% lower than the previous day's 22,250 cases. Since then, the number of local actual confirmed cases and local asymptomatic infected persons has not exceeded 1.9 million in a single day. Although there have been 7 rebounds from 2. 1% to 43.6%, the overall trend is gradually declining.

Second, the progress of epidemic prevention work in Shanghai

Shanghai's fight against the epidemic has gone from advanced to backward to catching up, and finally won the "Great Shanghai Defence War".

From the beginning of 2020 to February 25, 2022, the epidemic situation in Shanghai was stable, which created the miracle and experience of "precise prevention and control, dynamic elimination" and made positive contributions to winning the national anti-epidemic war such as Wuhan Defence War.

After Omicron invaded Shanghai, the intensity and speed of epidemic prevention measures in Shanghai could not adapt to the breadth and speed of the spread of new and different strains, and the original defense line was broken by the virus, which led to the epidemic situation once developing to an uncontrollable level.

On March 27th, 2022, the Office of the Leading Group for Epidemic Prevention and Control in COVID-19, Shanghai issued the Notice on Doing a Good Job in the New Round of Nucleic Acid Screening in the City, and put it into practice: From 5: 00 on March 28th, with Huangpu River as the boundary, nucleic acid screening was carried out in batches in Shanghai. In the first batch, Pudong, Punan and its neighboring areas (including Pudong New Area, Fengxian District, Jinshan District, Chongming District, Pujin Street in Minhang District, pujiang town, Xinbang Town, shihudang town, Maogang Town and Yexie Town in Songjiang District) were sealed and controlled for nucleic acid screening. It was unsealed at 5 o'clock on April 1 day. At the same time, key areas in Puxi continue to implement closed control. In the second batch, from 3: 00 on April 1 day, according to the principle of stubble pressing, the Puxi area was blocked and screened for nucleic acid, and the blockade was lifted at 3: 00 on April 5. Determined to subdue Ozu in one fell swoop, and then the whole city was unsealed and returned to normal. At that time, Shanghai organized the city's medical and epidemic prevention personnel, party member cadres at all levels, volunteers and citizens, and brother provinces and cities provided emergency support to a large number of nucleic acid detection forces. Unfortunately, this move did not receive the expected purpose and effect of "realizing social dynamic clearing as soon as possible". According to statistics, on March 28th, when the campaign started, there were 75 confirmed cases and 438 asymptomatic infection cases1case. On April 5, the number of asymptomatic infections in the city was 27 1 and 16766 respectively. This greatly increased number is largely found through screening, which is beneficial to "every isolation, every receivable and every cure", but the key problem is that the development of the epidemic has gone far beyond the controllable range. If we don't do our best to eliminate the Olympic factories, Shanghai will be in danger and even the country's luck will be affected.

At this critical juncture, the central authorities made decisive arrangements. From April 3rd, tens of thousands of PLA soldiers in white and medical teams from all over the country went to Shanghai in the opposite direction, and a "Great Shanghai Defence War" which decided the national movement kicked off, and the people's life and health defence war lasted for nearly two months. After carrying out unprecedented epidemic prevention feats such as global isolation, full screening, full positive collection, patient treatment and management of isolation areas, isolation areas and prevention areas, we finally "turned the tide" and won the "Great Shanghai Defence War". From June 1 day, Shanghai was ushered in except for medium and high risk areas, isolation areas and isolation areas.

Since June 1, Shanghai has been restoring normal life and production order in an orderly manner, bringing epidemic prevention into normal management and taking economic development as the center. In bringing epidemic prevention into normal management, it is important to build a long-term epidemic prevention mechanism in cities. At present, there are at least 1 nucleic acid detection service stations in village committees in Shanghai, and more have been set up in streets. Citizens need to report negative nucleic acid test within 72 hours or even 48 hours. Many citizens do their own nucleic acid testing according to their own travel arrangements, and the organization that conducts nucleic acid testing for citizens during the closed period of the community has become a community after the closure. At the same time, citizens have to scan the "place code" when they take a bus or enter the store, and they can only enter when they show their green codes, thus ensuring the epidemic prevention safety of the places where people gather.

From the evening of May 3 1 day to June 1 day, many citizens outside the outer ring of Shanghai set off fireworks to celebrate the victory of the "Great Shanghai Defence War" and Shanghai resumed normal life and production. Now Shanghai has basically recovered the scene before a new wave of epidemic. The difference is that many nucleic acid detection service stations have been added in neighborhood committees and streets, and signs such as "prevention areas" are hung outside the gates of various communities. In addition, the temporary difference is that the phenomenon of long queues outside banks, ATMs and some meat products is rare in the past. Other feelings are no different from the past. In a word, Shanghai is still a thriving modern international metropolis.

Third, thinking about winning the "Great Shanghai Defence War"

The victory of the "Great Shanghai Defence War" was hard-won, mainly due to three aspects:

The first is due to the correct decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council. On March 17 and May 5, China * * * The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) (PSC) held two meetings to study the epidemic situation and deploy anti-epidemic, emphasizing people first, life first, and dynamic clearing, demanding "winning the Great Shanghai Defence War". In the face of Omicron's unpredictable predicament, when the society is confused about lying flat or clearing the field, it is the guiding spirit of the CPC Central Committee that "unswervingly adheres to the general policy of' dynamically clearing the field' and resolutely fights against all words and deeds that distort, doubt and deny China's epidemic prevention principles and policies". When Shanghai's epidemic prevention defense line was on the verge of "collapse", the CPC Central Committee promptly put forward that "we won the Wuhan defense war, and we will also win the great Shanghai defense war", quickly mobilized the strength of the whole country, and started and won the decisive battle against epidemic prevention in Shanghai, which decided the national movement.

At the same time, it is also due to the superiority of the socialist system. A remarkable advantage of the socialist system is that it can concentrate the strength of the whole country to do great things. This has been fully reflected in the "Great Shanghai Defence War". Under the call of the CPC Central Committee, tens of thousands of PLA soldiers in white and medical teams assisting Shanghai from all over the country flew to Shanghai overnight without hesitation, which provided strength guarantee for winning the "Great Shanghai Defence War". A large number of epidemic prevention materials have been continuously delivered to Shanghai from all over the country, providing material guarantee for Shanghai residents to "stay indoors" and deliver food, daily necessities and medicines to their homes during the blockade. It can be said that without great assistance from national strength and materials, there would be no decisive victory in the "Great Shanghai Defence War".

But also the result of the concerted efforts of the Shanghai Party Committee, the government and all citizens, Qi Xin. Shanghai Municipal Party Committee, Municipal Government and its Health and Health Commission have been in a passive position in the city's epidemic prevention work, facing all kinds of criticisms and censures from inside and outside the city. They always combined with the actual situation, resolutely implemented the central decision-making and deployment, adapted to local conditions, and successively introduced measures such as "pressing stubble to promote" and "three-district management", compacted the responsibilities of all districts, towns and neighborhood committees, fully organized epidemic prevention departments at all levels, all medical personnel, public security police and volunteers, and relied on the participation and support of the people of the whole city. We made careful top-level design and planning and deployment in advance, made great efforts to build a long-term epidemic prevention mechanism in the city, and launched normalization and on-site nucleic acid detection.

In the new wave of epidemic, Shanghai has to press the pause button in the whole city, and the loss of work stoppage and the cost of epidemic prevention will inevitably lead to a serious economic decline in the whole city. At present, Shanghai is consolidating the victory of anti-epidemic development, accelerating economic development, making up for the losses caused in March, April and May as soon as possible, realizing "leap-forward development", creating a new miracle of Shanghai's economic take-off, and making new and greater contributions to revitalizing Shanghai and strengthening China.

Note: The materials cited in this paper are based on the spirit of the Central Conference and Shanghai documents, and the statistical data are based on the Epidemic Release issued by the State Health Planning Commission and the Shanghai Municipal Health and Health Commission.

Hu Yongming, Master of Law, Fudan University, has been engaged in full-time research work in Shanghai municipal authorities for a long time, and is committed to translating research results into practice. He has published more than 40 academic papers and won more than 0 times/kloc-0. He used to be a special researcher of the Academic Committee of China Management Society, and was included in the China Encyclopedia of Talents and other classics.