Vector beam is a kind of non-uniform polarized light, and its polarization state is different at any point on the monochromatic cross section of the beam, which is not uniformly distributed and changes with spatial distribution.

Vortex beam, radial polarized beam and axisymmetric polarized beam are all vector beams.

Vortex beam is a kind of beam with spiral phase distribution, and its expression contains the phase factor exp(ilθ), and each photon in the beam carries lh? Orbital angular momentum of, where lh is called topological charge number. Because the vortex beam has orbital angular momentum lh? The orbital angular momentum it carries can be transferred to the particles to drive them to rotate, and it can also capture and translate micron and submicron particles. People call this tool "optical wrench" vividly.