The Republic is the opening work of an ideal society in the history of western thought, which has a wide and far-reaching influence in the history of philosophy and even in the history of human thought. Whether you are looking for or preparing to write "Utopia after Reading 1000 words", I have collected relevant information below for your reference!

Reflections on Utopia After Reading 1000 words 1

Many educational problems mentioned in Plato's Republic have a far-reaching impact on later education. Rousseau once praised "this is the best educational paper, and no one has ever written such an educational paper". There are also some sayings that "as long as Plato's Republic and Rousseau's Emile remain in the world, even if other educational works are destroyed, the garden of education will be fragrant." The educational ideas in the book are incisive and profound, which has benefited me a lot. The Republic emphasizes the importance of early education. "Music and literature education in childhood is the most important" and "preconceived ideas accepted in early years are always deeply rooted and difficult to change. In order to cultivate virtue, children must first hear the best stories. " Plato believes that when children are educated in music and literature, they will become polite and hate ugly things. When they grow up, they will be influenced by his upbringing, and they will live in harmony with reason. He believes that children should be trained in war from an early age, and the spirit of obeying the law should be cultivated from music and games. Plato also suggested that children should not be forced to learn, but should use games to let us better understand the essence of each of them in the game. And this also makes us think about whether the current education has brought more compulsion to children, and whether our education is confusing and at a loss. Plato believes that the earlier the education for children develops, the better. "Everything is difficult before it is easy, especially biology. It is the easiest to penetrate in the effective and tender stage, and you can generate whatever form you want. " He advocates that old people should tell their children some rules, such as being filial, paying attention to hair and posture, and so on. He believes that a person's education from childhood can guide him to where he will go, but it can determine where he will go in the future. With the progress of society, people in modern society respect and care for children more and more, and people have also established a brand-new concept of children. One of the views about children is that "there is an inverse law in the development of children's talents, and the earlier they develop, the more they develop." [7] This is similar to Plato's view that the earlier they are developed, the better. It can also be seen that Plato and The Republic have a far-reaching influence on early education. The Republic attaches great importance to the all-round and harmonious development of educational objects. Plato believes that we should first receive education in music and physical education, both of which are indispensable. Only when these two parts-love and passion for wisdom-are properly coordinated can harmony be achieved. He also pointed out that we must attach importance to the study of arithmetic, geometry, astronomy and dialectics. Special attention should be paid to the study of dialectics. "If you don't know something in advance, then the intermediate step between conclusions and conclusions is made up of things you don't know. In this case, how does the consistency of the results become real knowledge? " Therefore, this kind of learning is not enough, but also dialectics. Only a philosopher who has mastered dialectics and the idea of goodness can shape the ideal country on earth and guard it with the idea of goodness as the prototype. According to "Primary Education", the specific characteristics of primary education include comprehensiveness. The so-called comprehensive means that for every specific individual, contemporary primary education should promote their all-round development in all aspects. Therefore, education should pay attention to comprehensiveness and explore and cultivate people's abilities in all aspects in order to develop harmoniously.

Reflections on Utopia 1000 Word 2

& lt The dialogue writing style of Utopia naturally reminds me of Confucius in China. Although Plato's thoughts are all his own, we can't deny that as a disciple of Socrates, his thoughts are deeply influenced by Socrates, and he writes in Socrates' tone. The book has always regarded justice as the object of discussion. By reducing to absurdity, it first puts forward an inaccurate definition of justice, and then summarizes and abstracts to find the true meaning of justice, following Socrates? Midwifery Seeking the way of wisdom, so when we read it, we often feel that Socrates himself is demonstrating. Almost the same great philosopher who lived in the same era, one after another, had such similar experiences. Confucius has records of his words and deeds written by his disciples and descendants. Socrates asked his disciples to spread the early exploration of ancient Greek philosophy through his mouth. Utopia.

I heard it through some simple channels in junior high school, right? Utopia? Positioned as Moore? Utopia? , such as Tao Yuanming? Peach Blossom Garden? I didn't know until I really got this book? Republic? The real source of. Compared with fantastically depicting an ideal society, this book shows us the fascinating debate era of ancient Greece. Because I didn't read carefully enough, I dare not really understand how much, but I did feel the rational mystery, logical twists and turns, and mysterious words that philosophers have always admired and worshipped. I once saw those ancient Greeks who were similar to the Wise School in the history class of middle school. They were keen on arguing. In the fields, streets and alleys, they used various rules of debate, either laughing or gloating, or gloating or ashamed, and always had infinite reverie about one of the ancient countries that gave birth to the earliest civilization. So I am glad that I really had the opportunity to enter the book and enter the mysterious world at an early age.

? What is justice? This is the center, Plato and Glaucon, Polemajos, Salah Máthōs and Simonides have been discussing the first volume. Paying off debts is justice, justice is to give everyone an appropriate return, justice is to give good to friends and evil to enemies, and justice is the interests of the strong. Then he began to discuss the justice of the city-state, thinking that a good city-state should have virtues such as courage, wisdom and temperance, and everyone should perform duties that suit his nature in the country, such as Confucius? Sexually similar? Socrates believed that education can stimulate the potential ability and knowledge in human nature, and Plato followed this point to some extent. When the rulers, guardians and laborers in the polis perform their respective duties, do not cross each other and work in harmony, what will the polis have? The virtue of justice? And then from the city-state analogy to the individual, think it is? Within the size range? Outside? Relationship, a just individual is to arrange his own affairs, dominate himself, be friendly to himself, and maintain a harmonious state in some political and private affairs. This is a good act of justice.

Justice is always happy, but non-justice is not. On the contrary, kingship is the best, and oligarchy, democracy and tyranny do not conform to the definition of justice like the rulers of philosophy. () For the society, the discussion also involves women's education, the birth and cultivation of children, etc. And contains the democratic glory of equality between men and women. A country can also produce outstanding women, and they can also defend the polis. ? Ideas? Theory is also an important supporting part of Plato's thought. He thinks that the king of philosophy should be the ruler of a just city-state, because he can? Grasp the eternal? ,? Always love intellectuals who can let them see eternal entities that are not affected by the process of emergence and disappearance. It has a good memory, is sensitive to understanding, is open-minded, has a gentle personality, and loves and approaches truth, justice, courage and temperance. ? In the text? Socrates? Explain the situation of a real philosopher in the city-state with the metaphor of the captain.

After reading the middle part, it seems that the brain has just begun to sketch? Socrates? Description? Utopia? But as far as he is concerned, only when some inevitability happens to force a few uncorrupted philosophers who are now called useless to take charge of the city-state and make citizens obey their management, or only when the son of the authority, the son of the king or the person in power, and the king himself are influenced by God and really fall in love with true philosophy? Only when cities and countries are perfect can they become ideal countries. At the same time, Plato also used a series of metaphors to demonstrate the knowable world and the sensible world, which seems to be the starting point and principle of Plato's philosophy. So I also deeply realized the so-called? Japanese metaphor line metaphor? And then what? Cave metaphor? Plato constructed his world of thoughts.

Regarding the country, there must be a king of philosophy, so Plato also tried his best to discuss the importance of geometry, including astronomy, music, gymnastics and dialectics, and discussed the importance of these. His educational thoughts on these courses still have great reference significance for us today. ? Philosophers should be politicians and politicians should be philosophers. It is the ideological core of creating an ideal country in his mind. Plato's ideal blueprint for our descendants provided a blueprint for utopians in the19th century.

A book, involving morality, democracy, education, literature and art, equality and many other issues. A series of seemingly ordinary dialogues, with extensive information but no gaps, are integrated and coherent. I think philosophy should be the greatest subject in human history, not only because the sages pursued it diligently, but also because many later disciplines were branched from philosophy, but because it is the crystallization of the wisdom of predecessors and the essence of theory and practice. Depth of thinking, pursuit of beauty, attitude towards things, meticulous way of thinking, etc. Are closely related to philosophy. We want a better life and a different perspective on academic issues, all of which need our philosophical foundation, and we need to talk with philosophers and collect the rich flowers of their thoughts.

Reflections on Utopia 1000 Word 3

When I first read this book, I didn't insist, because some words in the book were awkward, and the philosopher's thoughts and thinking were really unpredictable. However, after carefully reading Plato's life and his time, I reread it again. Although there are many places we don't know yet, we are still deeply shocked by some of his advanced ideas and his ideal world. I have to admit that Plato is really a wonderful flower.

Plato was a philosopher in ancient Greece, and his teacher was Socrates, who was as world-famous as him. Plato established a complete philosophical system for the first time in western history. He devoted his life to the study of philosophy. His highest ideal is that philosophers should be politicians and politicians should be philosophers. He puts more emphasis on applying what he has learned and putting it into practice. Later, he founded the "Research Institute". Plato kept writing and writing after the lecture. Among them, the most famous are the Republic and the Law of Dialogue Forms. His masterpiece The Republic is not only a declaration of philosophers, but also an outline of the general plan of governing the country written by philosophers and politicians. It is a masterpiece in the history of human thought, which has a far-reaching impact on the development of the west and even the whole human society.

The book begins with a conversation between Socrates and G. fallows. On the one hand, they realize that the root of pain lies not in age, but in people's character and heart. They even think that for a reasonable person, the biggest advantage of having money is that you can feel at ease without deliberately deceiving others. Then I put forward a more important question in this book, which is "what is justice". Justice is to give everyone a proper reward "~" Justice is to give good to friends and evil to enemies ",which refutes and debates Máthōs's" Justice is the interest of the strong ".

In order to prove that justice is a meaningful life, in the second volume, they continue to discuss the essence and origin of justice, and begin to discuss what kind of justice is the justice of the city-state. They think that the justice of polis is consistent with individual justice. He believed that the polis should attach importance to the education of defenders. The so-called education is to exercise with gymnastics and cultivate the mind with music. Stories and children's early education are all discussed.

In the third volume, they focus on the importance of literature and art education in childhood, in which the ultimate goal of music education is to love beauty, while the purpose of physical exercise is to achieve the best physique.

In the fourth volume, he thinks that the ideal city-state has managers, guardians and laborers. The three types of people should have a reasonable division of labor and perform their duties. When this state is reached, the polis is a polis where justice and virtue coexist. In this city-state, everyone's soul has three factors: rational will and emotion. The three corresponding virtues are wisdom, courage and temperance. When these three factors are in harmony,

In the fifth volume, Plato pays attention to women and children. He believes that women and children should be owned by the public. In terms of children's rights, he believes that women and men have the same rights, not only in education, but also in participating in wars and hard training like men. He also discussed what kind of philosopher a real philosopher and king should be. He believes that only philosophers have the knowledge and talent to govern the country.

In the sixth book, a small part discusses the talent of philosophers: it is better to remember quickly, be brave and generous, cultivate philosophers at the corresponding stage, and make sure that philosophers are perfect guardians and let those people know what is good.

In the seventh volume, he used some strange metaphors to illustrate the essential difference between educated people and uneducated people. He compared cave cells to the visible world, and compared fire to the ability of the sun. Through education and practice, the soul can turn as easily as possible. At the same time, they say that the information transmitted by the soul depends on the calculation ability and rationality to study hard. They also say that knowledge of arithmetic seems to be the most qualified to be stipulated by law. Because he can force the soul to lead to the truth itself with pure reason: geometry can probably lead the soul to the truth, and perhaps the philosopher's soul to the truth, which is also beneficial to learning other disciplines. At the same time, we should also pay attention to astronomy. They also believe that only dialectics can make people see reality. He also believes that they should pay special attention to training and cultivating their ability to ask and answer questions in the most scientific way of law. As for children's learning methods, he believes that forced manual labor is harmless to the body, but forced learning cannot take root in the mind. Therefore, don't force children to study, but play games. At the same time, the only way to acquire permanent knowledge is to synthesize the contents of various courses and study the relationship between them and the nature of objects. He always believes that as long as real philosophers master the political power of this country and train good citizens in the city-state with their own habits and laws, they can put their city-state on the right track and bring the greatest welfare to the people by advocating and advocating justice.

In the eighth volume, he talked about realizing public ownership of women, children and all education in an ideal country; He believes that habit promotes the emergence of the system, and the tendency of habit determines all its directions; He also talked about using some geometric figures to determine eugenics in fertility, so as to select outstanding people to manage the country at the right time; He also talked about four political systems, and fully expounded how democratic politics turned into subjective politics, and what the essence of subjective politics was.

In the ninth volume, they mainly talked about all kinds of desires and the various influences brought about by them. In addition, this paper also discusses five types of people: monarch type, greedy for fame and fortune type, oligarch type, democratic type and Jiben type. Those people are the happiest, and the order of happiness is also the order of virtue. It is also discussed that among the three basic types of people: philosophers or lovers of wisdom, lovers of winners and lovers of profits, the philosopher with the most happiness and experience should be the only one who combines knowledge and experience. At the same time, he believes that the more real things are enriched and used to enrich, the more real the happiness we feel; On the other hand, if we lack authenticity relatively, we can't obtain authenticity and reliability relatively. At the same time, he also said that the so-called beautiful and respectable things are those that can make the animal part of our nature subject to the human part, while the ugly and humble things are those that the tame part of our nature is subject to the wild part.

In the tenth volume, they first discuss the essence of imitators and who is the real imitator. As a tragic poet, since he is an imitator, he is naturally separated from the king or truth by two layers. Then, they also discussed that everything has three technologies: the technology of users and the technology of manufacturers. At the same time, they also think that the work of measuring the rational part of the mind in the activity room should be the best part of the mind, on the contrary, that part should belong to the lowest part of our mind. They also talked about places where people tend to suppress sadness. In the end, they think that it is reason and law that make a person restrain, and it is pure emotion itself that makes them succumb to grief. He also believes that the best part of people is that they are willing to follow rational guidance. He also believes that no matter how unfortunate a just person is, as long as he is willing and eager to pursue justice and practice the godlike virtue within his power, such a person will not be ignored by God. A person's greatest happiness is the life that can make the soul nature more just, which is called a better life. Therefore, he can make a rational choice between a better life and a worse life, and he must unswervingly strengthen his beliefs. At the end of the book, he gave the world advice. He believes that the soul is immortal and can contain all good and evil. Only by always adhering to the upward path and pursuing justice and wisdom can we get the love of ourselves and God. As long as this is the case, we can go smoothly regardless of life and death.

No matter for ourselves or our country, development is far from mature. For the ideas in the Republic, we should constantly explore and improve them under our own original framework, and for the western political thoughts, we should take the essence, discard the dross and use them for our own use.

Of course, Plato's profound thoughts can't be clearly explained in these few words, and his understanding of his thoughts is not the same, but the enlightenment it brings to each of us, the beautiful idea of education, the "good" thought contained in it and the profound understanding of justice are all worth remembering and thinking about. May we continue to explore the truth of life and realize our ideals along the glory of our predecessors' ideological rationality.

Reflections on Utopia 1000 Word 4

Plato, one of the three great philosophers in ancient Greece, was born into a noble family in Athens. He studied under Socrates when he was young, and later laid the philosophical foundation of western culture with Aristotle and Socrates. He worked hard to realize his lofty political ideals and wrote many books in his life. The Republic concentrated his main teaching ideas. He lived in the decline of Athens, the chaotic situation, the struggle between people, the epidemic plague in society, the war between city-states and so on. He loved his country and tended to maintain the aristocratic slavery society in Athens. With Socrates being executed under the rule of democracy, he witnessed the reality that aristocratic politics degenerated into oligarchy and deeply felt the importance of philosophy entering politics and country. Thus, the Republic in his mind was born.

In the Republic, Plato designed a picture of a just country. The scale of the countryside is moderate, so that people can see the panorama of the whole country from the height of the city and get to know each other. In his view, the country originated from the division of labor, so the citizens of the ideal country are divided into three levels: the leader who governs the country, the defensive warrior and the laborer, representing the three qualities of wisdom, courage and desire respectively. Leaders rely on their own wisdom and moral strength to govern the country; Warriors surround national security with loyalty and courage; Laborers provide material means of subsistence for the whole country. Let's do our job well and keep our position. For their own needs, everyone needs to have a collective gathering as a partner or assistant to form a public living area, which is the city-state. Plato believed that the peasants, workers and businessmen of the polis are producers and sellers of material wealth, and they are not suitable for managing personnel and state affairs, and the activities corresponding to the political life of the country should be undertaken by suitable managers. In my opinion, the ideal country in his mind should be: people who hold leadership positions should do their best to govern the country and defend national honor. The people of the polis should support the leaders with their own labor achievements, and the leaders will take out money to do good deeds and practical things for the people. At the same time, Plato strongly advocated the consolidation of national security, national defense and education.

In Utopia and Ideal Politics, the debate between Socrates and Aderman Toth is used to describe the evolution of Plato's utopia to the justice essence of utopia. In the simplest country, only four or five people are needed to be responsible for the production, construction, weaving and other necessities at first, but because people's desires and energy are endless, some people are willing to spare some time to do other things they are interested in, such as being a blacksmith, making wool and cowhide, doing import and export business, singing opera, making perfume and cakes ... Therefore, due to the continuous expansion of labor and production, a country will have more and more raw materials, land and labor. In Plato's eyes, the ideal country is "the world is public", the old age is blessed, the city-state women and children have their own corresponding public systems, and it is an anarchic and just world. What's more, men and women have the same rights and are completely equal. Everyone should do his own thing and not disturb others. Just like the ancient "Great Harmony" in China.

The world of ideas is a high-end existence detached from the real world. In the eyes of ancient Greek philosophers, our world is not what we can see. All this is just a projection of the concept of heaven. What our sensory world can feel is only the shadow in the sun, and philosophers see the external things in the sunshine of truth. Perhaps in our view today, Plato's ideal world looks like a real and terrible totalitarian country, where there is only reason and coldness everywhere. In fact, this book was written at the time of the decline and chaos of the Athens city-state, and it did design an ideal "blueprint" for the rulers in the environment of Athens' democratic politics.

Reflections on Utopia 1000 Word 5

In this dialogue, Plato discussed a series of important issues such as human nature, politics and philosophy in detail through Socrates' mouth, and put forward his own views, which laid the foundation and pointed out the direction for later western thought. Future western philosophy, whether inheriting Plato's thoughts or opposing Plato's thoughts, can't avoid Plato's thoughts, especially the profound views on human nature and political issues expressed in the Republic. The Republic seeks the definition of justice through Socrates' dialogue and repeated questioning with opponents. In the first volume, Plato overthrew several definitions of justice with Socrates' knowledge-assisted question-and-answer method: 1. Justice means telling the truth and paying off debts; 2. Justice is to help friends hurt enemies; 3. Justice is the interest of the strong; 4. Injustice is better than justice. These four statements are close to life and seem reasonable, but Plato analyzed them one by one and found out their defects, which has profound enlightenment for us to choose the road of life. In view of the first point of view, he refuted the just statement of paying back debts by taking weapons as an example. You can't just play cards according to common sense, you should consider whether the result of things will be unfair. This statement ignores the true essence of justice, so we should learn more from Plato's way of thinking in life, not only from our own standpoint, but also from our objects and the consequences of things. In response to the third point, Plato pointed out that those in power sometimes make mistakes. If laws are made that are unfavorable to themselves and beneficial to the ruled, justice will become "the interests of the weak". Here, Plato put forward that "in any government, a ruler, when he is a ruler, cannot only care about his own interests and ignore the interests of his subordinates." Therefore, as rulers, we should work for the welfare of the people, not just consider our own interests.

Plato discussed justice from two aspects: national justice and individual justice. He established a just city-state, and formulated a general principle: everyone must perform the duty that suits his nature best in the country. Plato believes that justice is to have your own things and do your own things. He believes that a country consists of three parts: the ruler, the ruled and the helper. A country should possess four qualities, namely wisdom, courage, temperance and justice. In a country, the part with the least number of people and the smallest part of this part are worthy of being called wisdom, and the people who lead and rule it are always the least. The courage advocated by Plato is a kind of spiritual ability to completely maintain the correct belief in terrible things and things that are not terrible, which conforms to the spirit of law. Temperance is a good control over certain pleasures and desires. About temperance, here, I have a profound revelation. He mentioned: "A person's soul has a good side and a bad side. The so-called' own master' means that the bad side is controlled by the better side of nature. This is undoubtedly a compliment. When a person is ruled by fewer and fewer people because of bad upbringing or association with bad people, he will be condemned and called his hardworking and unrestrained person. " [2] This makes me feel that we often say that we are our own masters, but in fact we are both our own masters and our own slaves. If you want to break through your own domination, you must deeply understand moderation and learn to control yourself. In terms of personal justice, Plato believes that the human mind consists of three parts: reason, desire and passion. Plato advocates that these three parts of the individual soul should also go their own way and maintain harmony, so that people are just individuals. This kind of internal division of labor and harmony is not external "doing things separately", but internal harmony and order. When the whole country develops in a very harmonious way, all classes will get their share of happiness endowed by nature. When a country is most like a person, it is the best managed country, and the best managed country is most like an organism related to various parts. Zhang's summary of the reasoning process of the Republic is a kind of reverse thinking, that is, "the governance of the country depends on the leading role of a few elite figures, and their leading role depends on the leading role of reason in their hearts;" The leading role of reason depends on its grasp of the concept of good; Grasping the concept of goodness depends on the study of dialectics. In the final analysis, the great governance of the country depends on correct education. "