Chapter 1: the value of folk games in early childhood education

The Regulations on Kindergarten Work clearly points out that "play is an important form of children's all-round development education" and "play conditions should be created for children according to local conditions". At the same time, the Kindergarten Guidance Outline also points out that "play is the nature of children", "we should discover, protect and guide the inherent nature of children" and "play is the basic activity". It can be seen that games are an indispensable part of children's childhood life. It is a symbol of children's childhood happiness, freedom and rights. Through several years' practice, we find that folk games not only have the value of promoting children's development in many aspects, but also contribute to the management of kindergarten education.

First, the characteristics of folk games

Games are children's nature, no matter what age, children always grow up in games. After several generations' spread and development, folk games have become an integral part of China folk culture. Compared with other forms of games, folk games have the following characteristics:

1. Folk games have distinctive national and local characteristics. Different nationalities and regions have their own folk games. Because the content of folk games is often people's daily life, and the children's songs in the games are generally in the local language, these make folk games have quite obvious nationality and locality. For example, local folk games, such as throwing handkerchiefs, weaving baskets and tug of war, are accompanied by certain folk tunes, and children can use local materials. From the choice of games, the distribution of roles to the development of game plots, children can be allowed to complete themselves and become the masters of the games, and they can grow up happily.

2. Folk games are interesting and entertaining. One of the important reasons why folk games have been handed down is that they are interesting and entertaining, which makes children spontaneously like playing games. For example, the game of putting a flower rope is the safest and most developing thinking, and it can also exercise the flexibility of children's hands. The game can be played by two people and can be started anytime and anywhere. A 60 cm wool can be carried around, which is simple and fun. In the competition, let's see who wears more patterns, who persists for a long time and who thinks quickly. I often let my children play in their spare time, so that they can always be happy in the game.

3. The toy materials of folk games are relatively simple. This feature enables folk games to develop in many kindergartens. Toys used in folk games are very simple and cheap, and generally come from daily life and natural materials and semi-finished products. Even if there are no toys, you can use substitutes. Such as a few dried walnuts and a few small sandbags, you can play "catch chess pieces"; A few wooden beads or old buttons can be strung together to play "jumping space" and so on. These stones, sand, waste and other materials are cheap and good, and many of them don't need to spend a penny. Moreover, because these materials have no fixed form and do not represent a specific object, children can process and change at will according to their own interests and imagination in the game. Some games can even be played with children's hands, feet, or certain parts of the body and certain movements.

Second, the value of folk games in early childhood education

1. Folk games can promote children's development. Folk games can better develop children's basic movements and lay a good foundation for improving children's sports ability. Most of the collected folk games are helpful to develop children's basic movements. Playing sandbags, jumping squares, jumping rubber bands and other games can enhance children's healthy physique and exercise their super thinking!

2. Because folk games are interesting, they can arouse children's desire to participate in games and attract them to actively participate in games. In folk games, there are simple characters, plots and simple toy materials, which can make children's emotions actively rise in the game and enjoy it. Playing these games often, that is, practicing repeatedly, can make children complete the requirements of physical exercise in games, and achieve the purpose of strengthening their physique and developing basic movements.

3. Because folk games are flexible and random, they are not limited by time and space. Kindergarten should ensure that children have enough outdoor activities every day, and the flexibility and randomness of folk games can make children use a little time and limited space to carry out activities, thus ensuring the total amount of children's activities. Among folk games, there are games to promote the development of small muscles, such as "playing broad beans" and "buy buy meat". There are also games to develop children's big muscle movements, such as "jumping into space", "how high the city gate is" and "the bride sits in a sedan chair". There are also some games that can help children develop coordination, agility and balance.

4. The development and implementation of folk games contribute to the development of children's positive emotions and good personality. Folk games are often fiercely competitive, which makes children face success and failure in the game. When they win in the game, they can feel the joy and satisfaction of success and enhance their self-confidence; When they fail, they can bear the anxiety caused by failure and frustration, analyze their own shortcomings, overcome their weaknesses and continue to participate in interesting games.

Chapter two: How to improve the quality of preschool education with the help of games.

Children are a critical period of growth. The educational goal of early childhood is to promote the normal development of children's body and the coordinated development of their physical functions, and to cultivate children's good hygiene habits, living habits and interest in participating in sports. At the same time, we should develop children's intelligence, enhance their thirst for knowledge, and make them have the ability to feel and express beauty. Research shows that games are undoubtedly the best way to achieve the above educational goals.

First, the game should give full play to students' dominant position.

The child is the protagonist of the game, and the teacher is just a guide. In the game, teachers should fully respect students' dominant position. Teachers must make students feel "immersive" when setting up game situations. For example, in the game of making cakes and yogurt, teachers can guide students correctly, but they must not interfere with their making process. Teachers should also have enough patience to wait for each child's creation, to avoid giving up halfway and dampening the enthusiasm of children. After the children's works are finished, they should be given the opportunity to show their works and give them positive comments in time. In addition, when designing games, teachers should not only be interesting and challenging, but also pay attention to the difficulty of the games to increase children's successful experience.

Second, set up games reasonably according to different teaching objectives.

There are many kinds of games, which can be divided into general games and special games according to different purposes. General games are used in preparation activities, or just to adjust the classroom atmosphere, so such games are relatively simple to organize. Special games have a strong purpose and are set up for children to acquire certain skills. Therefore, teachers must consider children's psychological endurance when setting special games. Children are not athletes, nor are they necessarily high-skilled and have different hobbies. Teachers must fully consider the attraction of teaching when setting games, which is the key to success.

Third, use games to develop intelligence.

The human brain can be exercised like a muscle. The more brains you use, the higher your intelligence. Children are in the best period to develop their intelligence. Teachers might as well set up more puzzle games in class to let children use their brains more and improve their intelligence level continuously.

There are many puzzle games, and the most common one is building blocks. Building blocks provide more space for children to exert their imagination and creativity. Children should first think about what they want to build before building blocks, and then observe and think about what kind of building blocks to choose to build the shape in their minds. Therefore, building blocks are also a process of developing children's spatial perception and creativity. Building blocks have various shapes, laying the foundation for children's graphic learning. In addition, puzzle games also include puzzles and digital tables, which play an irreplaceable role in children's intellectual development.

Fourth, acquire knowledge in the game.

Games are not only a process of playing, but also a process of acquiring knowledge. Teaching knowledge through games can not only enliven classroom atmosphere, but also improve classroom teaching efficiency. For example, when teaching children to count, the teacher can play the song "Count Ducks" and invite children to play with ducklings on the podium. When Sang Song "Count, 24678", we asked eight children to learn the movements of ducklings and walk across the platform respectively, and the rest of the children counted their numbers. In this way, children have mastered mathematics knowledge in a cheerful atmosphere. Teachers can also teach literacy games. If the teacher writes a word "person" on the blackboard, let the students add strokes to it to make it another word, and the number of strokes is unlimited. Adding a horizontal line to the word "person" becomes the word "big"; Add a little more "too" or "dog"; Add two horizontal lines to the word "person" and the word "heaven" becomes the word "blessing". Chinese characters are unpredictable, so students have a lot of room to play. In this process, they can also deepen their understanding and memory of Chinese characters.

Fifth, use games to enhance children's physique and master the essentials of action.

Children are naturally playful and like not to take the usual path. Walking on the road, I prefer to run to the steps on both sides of the road and jump from one step to another. When encountering potholes, adults usually go around, and children go straight in and climb up. In view of children's love of playing and moving, teachers can set up sports games, such as "serial jumping". The teacher divided the 20 hula hoops into 4 groups, with 5 hula hoops in each group, and divided the children into 4 groups. Each group of children jumped off the hula hoop separately, and which group took the shortest time was the winner. In this way, while playing, children enhance their physique and master certain action essentials.

Sixth, cultivate children's good moral character in the game.

Children will inevitably bump into their friends while playing games. For example, when building blocks, there was a disagreement and the game could not be played. For another example, when playing hide-and-seek games, they chose the same hiding place and quarreled endlessly. Therefore, teachers should pay attention to the cultivation of children's moral character in the process of playing games with children. Tell them some educational stories before the game, such as "Kong Rong let pears". One day, I was eating pears at home. There were many pears on the table. Kong Rong took the smallest one and left the big one to his younger brother. Children are inspired by stories and understand the traditional virtue of modesty. On this basis, teachers should gradually guide them to restrain themselves by virtue standards and urge them to develop good behavior habits.

In a word, gamification teaching plays an irreplaceable role in children's teaching. Teachers should reasonably set up game links and use the different characteristics of different games to achieve teaching purposes.

Chapter III: Value analysis of games in preschool education.

The Guide to Children's Game Education emphasizes that in children's education, teachers should attach importance to the important value of "game education" and design new children's game activities according to the characteristics of children's psychological development at different stages, so that children can deeply understand the truth in nature and society during the process of playing games, cultivate their sound personality and pave the way for their happy growth. Piaget, a famous child psychologist, said that in the process of early childhood education, children's games can make children more consolidated in acquiring new cognition and developing emotions. It is emphasized that the relationship between children's play process and children's cognitive activities is mutually reinforcing and complementary, and the importance of integrating children's play into children's education process is explained. In this paper, I will analyze the value of three kinds of children's games in early childhood education, so as to provide guidance for the innovative development of early childhood education in the new period.

First, children's games promote children to form a sound personality.

As an indispensable link in preschool education, children's games play a very important role in cultivating children's sound personality, enhancing their understanding of the world and guiding them to form a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values. Because in the early childhood education stage, children's personality is more malleable, developing children's games efficiently can make children develop good behavior habits, thus learning new knowledge and truth in games and improving their personality quality.

For example, kindergarten teachers need to work hard in many ways to improve the education process of children's personality by organizing games. First of all, kindergarten teachers should organize students to carry out some game activities, such as "Mom Jiaozi, see who runs fast, you ask me to answer, jump happily on the carpet, drive the train, jump with a small spring" and so on. And use these interesting games to stimulate children's interest in participation, guide them correctly in the game process, let children understand the basic rules of the game, complete these games efficiently in the process of obeying the rules, and cultivate students' correct cognitive ability. Secondly, in these game teaching, teachers guide students to fully express themselves through games, participate in the game process with high self-confidence, stimulate children's imagination in the game process, develop new games with new imagination, and enhance children's game innovation ability; In addition, during the game, teachers should exchange ideas with children in time, listen to children's feelings in the game, and guide children to express their feelings in their own language, which can also improve children's memory ability and form a sound personality.

Second, children's games improve children's cooperative learning ability.

At present, most children's games are aimed at cultivating children's teamwork ability and competitive spirit during the game. Because the game is not an isolated activity process for children, it needs children to complete the corresponding activities and tasks under the guidance of kindergarten teachers, and learn some truth in the activities, and cooperative learning ability and competitiveness are essential skills in modern society.

For example, the Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education says that it is necessary to cultivate children's spirit of helping others and guide them to form a teaching experience of mutual assistance, sharing and cooperation, so as to enhance their learning ability. In order to cultivate children's cooperative learning ability, we need to improve these aspects. First of all, kindergarten teachers should guide children to play some cooperative games, such as "leggings running, small hands reaching out, small trains running fast, arm strength challenges, eagles catching chickens" and so on. Teachers should divide children into different groups, guide them to play these cooperative games in groups, guide them to play games among groups, improve their teamwork ability and competitiveness, and thus form good behavior habits in study and life. Secondly, in the process of these teamwork games, tell children the importance of "teamwork", create more opportunities for cooperation and competition for children, guide children to correctly grasp these opportunities, and understand the truth that "everyone gathers firewood, and unity is strength". Only by cooperation and unity can we create better grades, make continuous progress and gradually inspire students' thoughts.

Third, children's games improve children's physique.

Kindergarten is the initial stage of children's physical development. At this stage, according to the characteristics of children's physical development, teachers guide children to carry out some "corresponding physical fitness" training, gradually improve children's sports ability, let children adapt to some changes in the learning process, and lay the foundation for future primary school, junior high school and even longer learning.

For example, due to the special stage of children's physical development, teachers should guide children to play games suitable for their own physical characteristics, so as to cultivate children's sports ability. First of all, kindergarten teachers organize students to play some games, such as "climbing, jumping, running and climbing". In the process of these sports, teachers should give students scientific explanations and demonstrate actions, and guide children to take safety precautions and exercise while ensuring safety; Secondly, kindergarten teachers guide children in the process of these games and cultivate children's sports coordination and flexibility, so as to continuously enhance children's physique, promote the improvement of children's system and lay the foundation for children's happy study and life.

At this stage of preschool education, kindergarten teachers should guide children to carry out reasonable game activities, constantly improve their personality, enhance their teamwork ability and physical quality, and promote their healthy and happy growth.

? Chapter four: How to use modern educational technology to carry out preschool education and teaching.

The development of preschool education and teaching is a relatively basic work link in the field of national education. With the development of social education, the practical teaching activities of early childhood education are gradually valued by the public and educators. Combining the application of modern educational guidance technology in preschool education is an effective way to improve the corresponding education level. How to make preschool education more consistent with the development law of children's growth cognition is the work content that preschool teachers need to study.

First, the importance of implementing and applying modern educational technology

Compared with traditional teaching methods, the application of modern educational new technology has many outstanding teaching advantages. In order to better realize the teaching goal of all-round development of children's comprehensive quality training level, modern education and teaching technology has its certain teaching significance and importance. First of all, the application of modern teaching technology, represented by multimedia electronic teaching equipment and electronic interactive whiteboard, can not only enhance children's knowledge of the world, but also promote their comprehensive moral quality. The application of qualitative teaching means can change the traditional teaching method of knowledge infusion, and teachers can enhance the importance of cultivating children's comprehensive quality in practical teaching. Whether it is to enhance children's curiosity to know new things or to cultivate children's learning ability to explore independently, it has extremely outstanding educational significance [1].

On this basis, the application of various new technologies in modern education and teaching can promote the optimization and innovation of children's teaching practice mode. The core values of the new teaching concept of quality education require that the practical management activities of preschool education and teaching should establish a people-oriented development concept in an all-round way, and at the same time, children should be regarded as the service subject of the whole teaching activities. With the help of more vivid and three-dimensional teaching mode, children can experience the fun of learning knowledge in a relaxed atmosphere. On this basis, the application of modern educational technology can improve the frequency of knowledge interaction between teachers and students in preschool teaching classroom, cultivate children's learning habits of independent inquiry, and better cultivate their learning spirit of being brave in exploration in daily study and life.

Second, the recent development of preschool education and teaching activities

Early childhood education and teaching started late in the domestic education field, and its development history is shorter than that of developed capitalist countries abroad. After entering the 2 1 century, the top leaders of the national education department began to vigorously advocate the teaching policy of quality education throughout the country. Under the impetus of the new education and teaching concept, the traditional teaching method of instilling children's knowledge has been seriously impacted. More and more preschool teachers have realized that the traditional teaching thought and mode of exam-oriented education can no longer better meet the cognitive law of preschool teaching subjects on new knowledge content. The spoon-feeding teaching method can not improve children's interest in applying theoretical knowledge to practice. It is in this realistic social background that the application of modern educational new technology in preschool education came into being. However, due to the lack of work experience accumulated by preschool teachers in applying new educational technology, there are still a lot of outstanding teaching contradictions in the actual education explanation process. Teachers still put children in the teaching position of passive learning, and can't make electronic teaching courseware according to children's learning progress, which hinders children's teaching progress to varying degrees.

Third, the application of modern educational technology in preschool education and teaching practice

(1) Play video programs to enhance children's self-control ability.

Compared with the growth characteristics of students of other ages, the self-control ability of the training object and the education subject of early childhood education and teaching activities is relatively low. If preschool teachers want to effectively improve the timeliness of classroom teaching, they should constantly strengthen the entertainment atmosphere of the whole practical teaching link. For example, when teachers explain the importance of unity to children, they can play animated images of zebras crossing the river for children by applying modern multimedia teaching equipment. By watching the specified animation teaching content, children gradually understand that if zebras can't unite and cooperate, they can't cross the fast and narrow river safely in a short time. Teachers can act as spectators and guides in the whole process of playing animated films, and by observing animated films, children can gradually understand how to be a person even in daily life. In order to further improve children's interest in learning the content of quality education, teachers can also set up a small reward activity teaching method, so that children can better participate in the process of teaching practice explanation.

(2) Increase team activities and cultivate the spirit of cooperation.

Preschool teachers can also appropriately increase team teaching activities in practice teaching to better cultivate the cognitive spirit of cooperation among preschool teaching subjects. For example, kindergarten teachers can play games in groups and leave most of the teaching time in the classroom to the children themselves. Through the cooperation in the game group, children can play their skills and specialties with the help of other team members, and better complete the assigned teaching tasks. With the help of this modern educational technology, children's autocratic personality developed in the family environment of the only child can be better improved in a short time. On this basis, children can gradually integrate into the game cooperation group and constantly strengthen their practical ability to communicate and interact with others. Whether in cultivating children's cooperative spirit or helping others' moral quality, the application of new educational and teaching technologies can play an extremely prominent role in promoting teaching.

(C) create teaching situations to enhance the ability of autonomous learning

The application of various modern educational and teaching equipment can also help preschool teachers to create rich and varied teaching scenes. Students can subtly improve their learning ability of independent inquiry practice in the learning atmosphere constructed by virtual teaching situations. For example, when cultivating children's teaching subjects to develop good observation ability, teachers can apply modern education and teaching technologies such as multimedia Internet to construct a virtual situational teaching classroom for children. Teachers can make animated slide courseware consistent with the teaching content according to the basic personality characteristics of children's growth and learning in the class. By listing the animated characters that students are interested in, let the children describe them in their own language and logical way of thinking after observing their appearance characteristics in self-study [2].

In order to better promote children's enthusiasm for actively participating in situational teaching classes and guide children to let go of their fear of kindergarten teachers, teachers can stimulate children's curiosity in observing and describing things through interactive questioning. Preschool teachers should give a comprehensive and appropriate explanation to the problems raised by children in the observation of animated images based on the equal cognitive perspective with preschool teachers. However, kindergarten teachers and children should pay attention to the fact that the explanation content should not be specific and detailed, and children should be left with appropriate thinking space to realize the all-round development of children's observation and description ability. Only when kindergarten teachers explain properly can children's practical ability be better cultivated.

Conclusion: In a word, children's growth period is the initial growth stage of human cognition and perception of the world. The development of early childhood education and teaching practice is an enlightening guide to children's development and education. It is the inevitable result of the continuous prosperity and development of ethnic teaching to integrate various modern educational technologies into the practical classroom of preschool teaching, and it is also one of the effective ways to improve the timeliness of preschool teaching. Preschool teachers should truly realize the importance of the application of new educational technology in order to finally achieve the development goal of continuously optimizing the educational level.

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