The Sui Dynasty was reunified on the basis of the division of the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties for more than 300 years, and it was an important dynasty in the history of China. After the "imperial system", there was a scene of economic prosperity, and the excavation of the Grand Canal played a great role in the economic and cultural exchanges between the North and the South. Yang Di's tyranny aggravated the class contradiction, and under the attack of the peasant uprising, Sui quickly perished.
After the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty accepted the lessons of the demise of the Sui Dynasty and adopted the policy of developing the economy. The rule of Zhenguan laid the foundation for the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty. Through the connection between Wu Zetian and Xuanzong in the early Tang Dynasty, the feudal society in China showed unprecedented prosperity. Political corruption in the later period of Xuanzong in Tang Dynasty led to Anshi Rebellion, and the Tang Dynasty turned from prosperity to decline. Since then, various places have formed a separatist situation, and the central government has a dispute between eunuch autocracy and cronies, and the political situation is even darker. Under the impact of the peasant uprising at the end of the Tang Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty collapsed.
Politically, the Sui and Tang Dynasties initiated and improved the system of three provinces and six departments and the imperial examination system. During the period of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, the central government established the system of three provinces and six departments, and Emperor Taizong further improved this system. The establishment and perfection of the system of three provinces and six departments is a major change in the history of China's official system. The imperial examination system was formed during the reign of Yang Di, and it was perfected in the inheritance and development of several emperors in the Tang Dynasty. The establishment of the imperial examination system is a great progress of the feudal official selection system. Militarily, Sui inherited and reformed the previous generation of officers and men system, which also became the basic military system of the Tang Dynasty. Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty changed to the recruitment system, which led to the formation of warlords in the late Tang Dynasty. Economically, the Tang Dynasty followed the land equalization system and the tenancy system since the Northern Wei Dynasty, and reformed the tax service system and implemented the tenancy system on the basis of the Sui Dynasty, which ensured farmers' land and production time and prospered the feudal economy. Outstanding achievements have been made in agriculture, handicrafts, commerce and cities, which is an important symbol of the further development of land resources in the south of the Yangtze River, such as Quyuanli, car management, brocade, tri-colored Tang Dynasty and shipbuilding. Chang 'an and Luoyang in Sui and Tang Dynasties were national political and cultural centers, as well as national commercial and international metropolises. Yangzhou and Chengdu, the most prosperous and important industrial and commercial cities, also appeared in the Tang Dynasty. In the late Tang Dynasty, land sales and mergers prevailed, and the land equalization system was destroyed. Rent adjustment system can't be maintained, and it has been replaced by two tax laws, which has become a major change in China's tax system. The system innovation in Sui and Tang Dynasties had a far-reaching impact on later generations.
Sui and Tang Dynasties is an important development stage of China's unified multi-ethnic country. Especially in the early Tang Dynasty, the rulers pursued a more enlightened national policy. The ethnic groups in the border areas such as Turkic, Uighur, Nanzhao, Mohong and Tubo have developed rapidly, and the exchanges between ethnic groups and economic and cultural exchanges have been greatly strengthened. People of all ethnic groups have made great contributions to the development of the frontier and the motherland.
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, China's economy and culture were in the leading position in the world, and its external transportation was developed. In particular, the Tang Dynasty adopted a relatively open foreign policy, and its contacts with North Korea, Japan, Southeast Asia, Indian Peninsula countries, Central Asia, West Asia, Europe and Africa were unprecedented. The Tang Dynasty not only became the center of economic and cultural exchanges among neighboring countries, but also made great contributions to the development of world civilization.
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, on the basis of national unity and economic prosperity, especially the rulers of the Tang Dynasty implemented an enlightened and compatible cultural policy, which created a good atmosphere for the development of culture and appeared a comprehensive and brilliant scene. Science and technology are in the leading position in the world; Religion, philosophy and education have flourished; China's classical poetry entered the golden age; There is a world art treasure house represented by Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. Famous painters and painters come forth in large numbers; Music and dance, represented by "Dance of the King of Qin Breaking the Array" and "Dance of Dress", reflect the prosperous times. The colorful China culture not only inherits and develops the traditional culture of China, but also has a great influence on the development of world civilization history.
The basic characteristics of this period are: national unity and relatively stable political situation; Feudal economic development; Present a scene of prosperity; The ties between ethnic groups have been strengthened and a unified multi-ethnic country has been further developed; Opening to the outside world, frequent economic and cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries; Science, technology and culture are leading the world, and they are all brilliant.