Lu You (1125 ~1210), a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, was born in Yin Shan, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang).

Lu You worked tirelessly from primary school, and was deeply educated in patriotism in troubled times. At the age of 20, she married Tang Wan and was forcibly separated by her mother. This kind of emotional pain lasts for a lifetime, and the famous works such as Hairpin Phoenix and Shenyuan are all for this reason. At the age of 29, he went to Lin 'an (now Hangzhou), the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, and won the first place in the exam. Because he lived before Qin Gui's grandson, and because he didn't forget the national humiliation, he was deleted from the list at the second interview. Houkuizhou (now Fengjie, Sichuan) passed the verdict, acting as Zhou Shu, Jiazhou and Rongzhou as judges and magistrates. In the second year (1 175), Lu you was invited to be a senator from central Sichuan, Fan Chengda Town. In the fifth year of Xichun, Lu You's poems became more and more famous and were summoned by Xiaozong, but they were not really reused. Xiaozong only sent him to Fuzhou and Jiangxi for two official missions to promote Changping tea and salt. When he was working in Jiangxi, there was a flood there. He "set up camp" and personally visited the disaster area, "distributing relief supplies to charity warehouses and sending millet to people in all counties". Unexpectedly, he violated the regulations and went home on charges of "exceeding authority". After living in my hometown for 6 years, Lu You is also known as Yanzhou (now Jiande, Zhejiang). In the fifteenth year of Xi Chun, Lu You left Yanzhou and returned to his hometown. Soon, he was called to Lin 'an as a military attache. The following year, Guangzong ascended the throne and was appointed as a doctor of the DPRK. So he even wrote to persuade the court to reduce taxes. As a result, he was impeached and dismissed from office again on charges of "mocking romantics". After that, Lu You lived in the countryside for a long time, and died on December 29th of Jiading (1210 65438+1October 26th).

Lu You is a particularly rich poet with more than 9,300 poems. His poems can be roughly divided into three periods: the first period is from youth to middle age (46 years old) before entering Shu. There are only about 200 poems in this period, and the works are mainly in the form of words, which have not been enriched by life. The second period was after he entered Shu, he abdicated at the age of 64 and returned to the East. After nearly 20 years, more than 2,400 poems have been preserved. This period is a period when he joined the army in Nanzheng, full of fighting atmosphere and patriotic passion, and also a mature period of his poetry creation. The third period was a long-term seclusion in his hometown of Yin Shan until his death, also for 20 years, with nearly 6,500 existing poems. There is an idyllic flavor in the poem, which reveals a sense of desolation in life from time to time. "Poetry works when no one loves it" can be regarded as expressing his state of mind and artistic realm at this time. In addition, in the poems of this period, there are also simple and practical creative styles. Lu You's poems in three periods are permeated with ardent patriotism, especially after he entered Shu in middle age, which is not only outstanding among contemporary poets, but also rare in the history of China literature. Lu You's poems can be said to have both styles, no matter they are classical, metrical and quatrains, they all have excellent works, among which seven verses are well written. In this respect, Lu You inherited the experience of predecessors and enriched his own creation at the same time, so some people say that he completed the "three changes" in the creation of the seven laws (Shu Shu's poem "A Bottle of Water") together with Du Fu and Li Shangyin, and his seven laws were unparalleled at that time. In Lu You's "Seven Laws", the famous Zhang Jun's sentences are indeed overlapping, and everyone is reciting them, such as "Jiang Sheng's endless heroes hate and God's will is selfless" (Huangzhou); "Wan Li closes the river and sleeps alone, even the wind and rain fall in four mountains" ("Sleeping Man") and so on. These famous sayings, either magnificent or picturesque, are both steady and vivid. In addition to the seven laws, Lu You's achievements in poetry creation should be regarded as quatrains. Although Lu You's poems present colorful styles, from the general creative tendency, they are mainly realistic. He inherited the fine tradition of Qu Yuan and other previous generations of poets to care about the country and the people, and made outstanding achievements based on his own era.

Lu You's ci creation is not only a working poem, but also a long poem. Because he doesn't pay much attention to this poetic style, there are not many words, only 130 * *. His words are also diverse in style and have their own characteristics. There are many beautiful and lingering words, which are close to the graceful school in Song Ci, such as the famous "Hairpin Phoenix". However, some words often express deep feelings about life, or express superb mind, such as "divination operator", "broken bridge outside the post", "double-headed lotus flower" and "stars on the temples", which are far or deep, or close to Su Shi. However, what best reflects Lu You's life experience and personality characteristics are his impassioned and patriotic poems, such as Spring Festival in the Han Palace, Carving Arrows and Bows, Spring Festival, Joining the Army at a Strong Age, Confessing My Feelings, All Years Past, Night Walking in the Palace, and Snow, Sunny and Chaos. This kind of words is close to Xin Qiji. Lu You also wrote many essays, which are quite accomplished. Among them, writing inscriptions, prefaces and postscripts, describing life experiences, expressing thoughts and feelings, or writing poems can best reflect the achievements of Lu You's prose. At the same time, he also shows patriotic feelings from time to time in his poems, such as Jing Zhen Tang's Collection, Tong Hugh's Collection and Shu Wei Qiao's Family.

Respondent: wzq 357460772- Scholar 3-4 16:48

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Lu You (1125-1210) was born in Yin Shan, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). Patriotic poets in Southern Song Dynasty. Father Lu Zai is an intellectual with patriotic thoughts. Family education made Lu You set up the thought of worrying about the country and the people and the ambition of killing the enemy and serving the country from an early age. He studied tirelessly since he was a child, and he was able to write poetry at the age of twelve. He also studied sword and art of war. Around the age of twenty-five, he learned a lot from a patriotic poet, and he benefited a lot. From then on, the patriotic tone of his poetry creation was determined.

In the twenty-third year of Shaoxing (1 153), he went to Lin 'an to be a scholar, but he was jealous by Qin Gui because of the "theory of happiness after recovery" and was removed from the list during the second interview. It was not until three years after Qin Gui's death (1 158) that it became the master book of Ningde County in Fuzhou. At the beginning of his reign, Song Xiaozong was summoned and given the background of Jinshi. He has served as a judge in Zhenjiang and Kuizhou, participated in the shogunate of Wang Yan and Fan Chengda, promoted the tea and salt business in Changping and Jiangnan West Road in Fujian, and won the right to be the magistrate in Yanzhou. Guangzong, in addition to the court doctor, does the doctor. After the disintegration, he returned to his hometown of Old Yin Shan. He "mingled with the old peasants", sent doctors and medicines to the peasants, and forged a deep friendship with them. In the second year of Jiading (12 10), an 85-year-old poet passed away with the regret of "wishing he could not see the Central Plains before his death". He was born in an era of sharp ethnic contradictions and critical national situation. He is determined to "sweep away the dust" and "calm down the national disaster" with the heroic spirit of "iron horse conquering Land Rover" and the spirit of sacrifice of "revenge for national subjugation". However, in the political struggle, he was repeatedly excluded and hit by the imperial capitulationists. However, he firmly adhered to his ideal.

He created a lot of works in his life. Today, there are nearly 10,000 songs with a wide range of topics and rich contents. There are also 130 words, and a lot of essays. Among them, the achievements of poetry are the most remarkable. In the early stage, most of them were patriotic poems, which were magnificent and bold. In the later period, most of them were pastoral poems with beautiful and plain style. The most striking feature of his poems is strong patriotism. Most of his poems are elegant and graceful, but there are also many impassioned works full of tragic and patriotic passion. Jin Mao's "Postscript on the Poems of Releasing Weng" said: "Yang Yongxiu (cautiously) said:' The poems of releasing Weng are as beautiful as Huaihai (Qin Guan) and as magnificent as the eastern slope. "It's more like Jiaxuan's ears to be super cool." His prose achievements are also very high, and he was promoted to be a master of the Southern Song Dynasty by his predecessors. Most of the political essays, historical records, travel notes, prefaces and postscripts written are concise in language and orderly in structure.

Lu You is an outstanding representative of patriotic poetry school. His works have strong patriotism and outstanding artistic achievements, and occupy an important position in the history of China literature. He inherited and folded the fine traditions of realism and romanticism in classical poetry, which had a far-reaching influence on the literary world at that time and later.

There are Selected Works of Weinan, Poems of Jiannan, Book of Southern Tang Dynasty, Notes on Old Ann Studies, etc. In this paper, eleven of his poems are selected: You Shan Xi Village, Jianmen Road Encountered with Light Rain, Reading with Illness, Guan Shanyue, Sleeping in the Water Village, Book Wrath, The First Twilight of Spring Rain in Lin 'an, Feeling of Going out of the Fence Door to Meet the Cold in Autumn Night (Part Two), The Storm on November 4th and Spring Festival in Lin 'an. His five poems are: Bu Operator (by the broken bridge outside the post), Night Tour Palace (when the snow clears), Confession of Love (when Wan Li is looking for a seal), Queqiao Fairy (when the eaves are quiet) and Hairpin Phoenix (with bare hands); One of his articles: The Story of Traveling to Xiaogushan.

A masterpiece handed down from ancient times

Youshan west village

Notes on the title or background of a book.

See "Poems of Jian Nan". In the second year of Song Xiaozong Trunk Road (1 166), Lu You strongly supported the Northern Expedition of Zhang Jun, the general of the Anti-Japanese War, and was excluded by the imperial capitulators. Since then, Lu Xing (now Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province) was sentenced to be dismissed from office and returned to his hometown to live in San Shancun, Yinshanjing Lake. This poem was written by the author when he was in San Shancun in the early spring of the third year of the main road (1 167). The poem records a trip to a neighboring village, describes the beautiful scenery, lively holiday atmosphere and simple hospitality of the farmers in Yin Shan, and expresses the author's deep friendship for the farmers.

original text

Don't laugh at farm wine,

Raise enough chickens and dolphins in good years.

The rivers and mountains may change, but not one's essential nature

There is also a village.

Xiao and the drum follow the Spring Club.

The clothes are simple and old.

From now on, if you take a leisurely ride on the moon,

The crutches locked the door all night.

It's raining lightly at Jianmen Road.

Notes on the title or background of a book.

See "Poems of Jian Nan". Jianmenguan "in Jiange County, Sichuan Province" is not only a tunnel into Sichuan, but also a historical attraction. Poets of all ages have sung many poems. In the winter of Dalu eight years (1 172), the author sang this poem from Nanzheng (now Hanzhong, Shaanxi) to Chengdu. As for the interpretation of his poems, or that the author's lifelong ambition is recovery, he was transferred from the front line of Hanzhong to the rear Chengdu as a leisure official, so the poem expresses the feeling of unfulfilled ambition. The author is not eager to be a poet, but he is not willing to be only a poet, which has profound connotations and implications. Sword gate, mountain name.

original text

Dust and wine stains on clothes,

Travel is everywhere.

Is this house a poet?

Riding a donkey into the sword gate in the drizzle.

Sickness and pregnancy

Notes on the title or background of a book.

See "Poems of Jian Nan". Written in Xichun's third summer in Song Xiaozong (1 176). When I was traveling in Chengdu, I was attacked, impeached and dismissed from office, so I bowed to other places. In late spring, summer and autumn, the author fell ill. Although his life is getting poorer, he still remembers the meaning of recovery. So after he recovered from his illness, he wrote the second book "Disease Book" to show his undying love for the country.

original text

The diseased bone is broken and the gauze cap is wide.

Wan Li, an orphan minister, is a guest in Jianggan.

I dare not forget my motherland,

It is still necessary to close the coffin.

Heaven, earth, gods and temples that support society,

The elderly in Beijing look forward to peace.

The book Introduction is a masterpiece.

Take a closer look at the midnight light.

Guan Shanyue

Notes on the title or background of a book.

See "Poems of Jian Nan". Written in four years (1 177), the author was impeached and dismissed from office, living in Chengdu, and it has been nearly fifteen years since Song and Jin reached the "Long Xing He Hui". The poem reveals the dissolute enjoyment of the generals in the fifteenth year of Emperor Yong's reign, expresses the grief and indignation of the soldiers who died for their country, and the urgent desire of the adherents to endure death and hope for recovery, and expresses the author's anger and condemnation of the court's peace and stability policy. Guan Shanyue was originally a cross-wind song in the Han Yuefu.

original text

He Rong wrote for fifteen years,

The general surrendered in the air without a fight.

Zhu He is dancing,

The stable is fat and the bow is broken.

Diao Dou urged the moon to go down,

Thirty years old, joined the army, and now my hair is white.

Who knows the heart of a strong man in a flute,

The sand head is empty, and the bones are taken.

Gogu, a scholar from the Central Plains, also heard about it.

Are there any descendants of Hu Chuan?

Believers endure death and hope to recover.

A few tears tonight!

Yeboshui village

Notes on the title or background of a book.

This poem was written in a shrine in Yin Shan, when the author had lived at home for nine years. Yin Shan is a water town in the south of the Yangtze River, and the author often travels around the village by boat. This poem is an improvisation.

original text

The arrow at the waist has withered for a long time,

It's too late to breathe.

Lao Tzu is as good as the desert,

Why are you crying for the new pavilion?

I'm all over the country,

The temple will never turn green again.

Remember the anchorage in the Jianghu,

Lie down and smell the new goose cold.

Shufen

Notes on the title or background of a book.

Written in the spring of 13th year (1 186), the author is 62 years old, retired and has lived in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province for six years. This poem sums up the author's ambition, experience and grief that his ambition is hard to pay.

original text

I knew things were difficult when I was young.

The northern part of the Central Plains looks like a gas mountain.

The boat crossed the snow in Guazhou at night,

The iron horse is scattered in the autumn wind

Trapped on the Great Wall,

In the mirror, the aging temples have appeared.

"Introduction" is the real name,

A thousand years, who can match.

Lin' an in the early spring

Notes on the title or background of a book.

See "Poems of Jian Nan". In the 13th year of Chen Chun (1 186), before I went out to know Yanzhou (now Jiande, Zhejiang Province), I went from my hometown of Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province) to Lin 'an, the capital (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province) to wait for Song Xiaozong to summon me. This poem describes the author's idle and boring life when he temporarily lives in Lin 'an, revealing his boredom with the filthy official career and his desire to return home as soon as possible.

original text

For years, Shiwei has been skinny.

Who will be the rider in Beijing?

Xiaolou listened to the spring rain all night.

Deep alleys sell apricot flowers in the Ming Dynasty.

Short paper is planted obliquely as grass,

Clear the window and play tea with fine milk.

Plain clothes has no dust and sighs,

It's still clear that you can go home.

Autumn night will break at the gate of the hedge.

The feeling of welcoming the cold (part two)

Notes on the title or background of a book.

See "Poems of Jian Nan". Shao Xi's third year (1 192) was written in Yinshan's hometown (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) in early autumn. * * * two songs, the second song. This poem expresses deep nostalgia for the great rivers and mountains and people occupied by the Jin people, and also reveals strong dissatisfaction with the inability of the ruling clique in the Southern Song Dynasty to recover lost land.

original text

(3) East of Wan Li River flows into the sea,

5000 feet on a skyscraper.

Adherents shed tears and dust,

Look south to Julian Waghann for another year.

1 1 April 4th is a stormy day.

Notes on the title or background of a book.

Selected from Nanbo Poems. Lu You wrote a book in three years (1 192) and retired to his hometown at the age of 68. He advocated the Northern Expedition all his life and longed for reunification. Although he was repeatedly slandered and rejected by the capitulators, he remained firm. This poem is one of the author's masterpieces, expressing emotion on the spot and expressing ambition through dreams.

original text

I don't feel sorry for myself in a remote village.

Think of it as a national wheel platform.

Lying at night listening to the wind and rain,

Iron horse glacier dream.

Shenyuan (two songs)

Notes on the title or background of a book.

According to the records in Qidong Beware of Wild Words, Continuing the Old Stories and Liu Kezhuang's Poems about Houcun in the Southern Song Dynasty, You married his cousin Tang Wan at the age of 20, but Wan disliked his mother and had to remarry. Ten years later, you and Wan met in Shenyuan. You Tong wrote the word "Hairpin Phoenix", and Wan also wrote the same tune to express his feelings. After meeting with Shen Yuan, Wan passed away soon. He traveled in the top five years (1 199) and wrote two quatrains to commemorate him. Shenyuan is located in the south of Yuji Temple in Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

original text

( 1)

The sunset painted mourning in a corner of the city.

Shen Yuanfei repaired the pool platform.

Under the bridge of sadness, the spring waves are green,

It used to be an amazing photo.

(2)

For 40 years,

Shen never blows cotton.

This trip is a tribute to the mountains.

I am still dead.

Show children

Notes on the title or background of a book.

See "Poems of Jian Nan". Written in the second year of Jiading (12 10), it was the poet's last words and will before his death. These poems reflect the author's lifelong ambition to recover lost land, his firm belief in reunifying the motherland and his patriotic feelings to the death.

original text

I know that when I die, everything on earth has nothing to do with me. But the only thing that hurts me is that I failed to see the reunification of the motherland.

Therefore, when the great Song Jun team recaptures the Central Plains, you will hold a home banquet ceremony. Don't forget to tell me the good news!

Bu operator

Plum blossom ode

Notes on the title or background of a book.

Lu You loved plum blossoms all his life. He not only wrote more than 160 poems by Yongmei, but also wrote four Yongmei ci poems, most of which were words expressing ambition and reflecting the poet's character. Yongmei is one of the most popular songs.

original text

Outside the bridge, the plum blossoms are lonely, no matter what. It's dusk. I'm alone. It's windy and rainy.

Plum blossoms don't want to compete for blooming, and the envy and rejection of flowers don't care. Even after autumn, when it is ground into dirt and turned into dust, plum blossoms still emit fragrance as usual.

Night tour palace

Remember the architect Bo Hun?

Notes on the title or background of a book.

This word is selected from the Selected Works of Weinan. It is a dream, and this dream is the reappearance of his life. This word also describes the feeling after waking up, full of generous patriotic passion and romantic sparks.

original text

The snow is clear and chaotic, sleepwalking, I don't know where I am. An iron horse has no power like water. Xiangguan River: Yanmen West, Qinghai International.

Sleeping in a cold lamp, the sound leaks from the moon. I promised to seal Hou in Wan Li. Who knows, although the temples are broken, the heart is not dead!

Complain about one's feelings

Notes on the title or background of a book.

This word was written by Lu You in his later years. At this time, the poet was nearly old and retired from his hometown. But he never forgets the front line of resisting the enemy, and his belief in serving the country has never disappeared, and the older he gets, the stronger he gets.

original text

When Wanli sought to seal Hou, the horse was in Qiliangzhou. Where is the dream of closing the river, the dust darkens the old mink and fur.

The Hu people are still alive, the temples are frosty in autumn, and the affectionate tears are dry. Who could have predicted in this life that the original intention was to leave the enemy in Tianshan Mountain, but now he is destined to die of old age in Cangzhou!

Queqiaoxian

Rhododendron Ye Xiang

Notes on the title or background of a book.

Selected from Weinan Anthology, the author was in Shu, once served as a military attache in Nanzheng (now Hanzhong, Shaanxi), and soon transferred to Chengdu as a Senate officer. He is idle and rambling, and his ambition is hard to show. He was depressed because he sang cuckoo to express his embrace. The whole story is lyrical, and the cold environment renders a desolate atmosphere. The silent contrast between Du Yu's crows and Yingying is bittersweet. The Linz Chronicle quoted Ci Tong as saying: "The feeling of leaving home is overwhelming and people can read it in the city."

original text

The eaves are quiet, the window lights are dim, and the Spring Festival Evening is stormy. The warbler's nest is always silent, but on a moonlit night, she often cries out Du Yu.

I shed tears in a hurry, dreaming, and picked up the deep branches to fly away. So, the mountain is uncomfortable, half-life, floating!

Copy of

Notes on the title or background of a book.

This word was written by Lu You in his thirties. According to Qi Dong Yu Ye, this poem depicts the love tragedy between Lu You and Tang Wan.

original text

Red crisp hands, Huangteng wine, Mancheng spring willow. Dong Feng Xie, who is in a bad mood, has been very depressed in recent years. No, no, no!

Spring is the same, people are empty, and tears are red and sad. Peach blossoms fall, idle pavilions. Although Meng Shan is here, it is hard to trust Jin Shu. Mo, Mo, Mo!

You Xiao gu shan Ji

Notes on the title or background of a book.

Selected from "Entering Shu", one is "Crossing Xiaogushan Dagushan", which is the author's two diaries on August 1st and 2nd in six years (1 170). At that time, especially in Kuizhou (now Fengjie, Sichuan) as a judge, starting from his hometown (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). All the way up the Yangtze River, I experienced the strange mountains and different scenery on both sides of the strait, because I wrote "Entering Shu" to commemorate its victory. Xiaogushan, also known as Jishan, is on the east bank of the Yangtze River in Susong, Anhui Province. Dagushan is in the southeast of Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province.

original text

On August 1st, I passed the bonfire rock. During the Southern Dynasties, there were beacon towers from Wuchang to Jingkou, and this mountain was one of them. Seeing the mountain from the boat is just abrupt. The river water thrown under it is embedded in the sinus point of the rock, which is grotesque, bright and moist with palladium luster, and different from other stones. There is also a stone that is not attached to the mountain. It rises sharply and is 100 feet high. It is covered with vines and vines, like a treasure screen. This is a calm day, and the ship is quite late, also called deep shrinkage. It depends on what Du Lao said, "Fortunately, the ship is late, which is wonderful."

After Penglangji and Xiaogushan, the two mountains are opposite to each other. Xiao Gu is a soldier in Hansong County, Zhou Shu. The isolated mountains in the river, such as Jinshan, Jiao Shan and Luoxing, are famous all over the world, but they are steep and beautiful, which is not comparable to others. Looking from ten miles away, it is natural that the Qingfeng-xiangguang fracture rises alone and rises into the sky, which is beyond the reach of other mountains. The more beautiful it is, the sunny Xia Yue is in winter, and its attitude is ever-changing. I believe in the beauty of nature. However, the shrine is extremely barren, and if it is decorated with pavilions, it will be higher than Jinshan. The temple is located at the foot of the Western Hills and is called "Huiji" and "Lady Anji" by God. At the beginning of Shaoxing, Zhang Weigong returned from Huxiang, tasted the renovation of the camp, and there was a monument for it. Peng Longji also has a temple, which belongs to pengze county in Jiangzhou, facing the river on three sides and the reflection in the water, which also accounts for the victory of one mountain. Although there is no wind on the ship, it also rushes, hence the name Gai. There is a saying in past poems, "Don't be infatuated with evaluating a guest in a boat. My sister-in-law married Lang Peng the year before last." Passers-by said that there was a statue of Lang Peng in the sister-in-law temple and a statue of her sister-in-law in the Lang Peng temple, but there wasn't.

The bunker at night is a mile away from Little Loneliness. Light rain. After swimming in the temple in a boat. Looking at Pengze and Duchang Mountain in the south, the misty rain is empty, and the gull heron is extinct, which is extremely successful and the migration is based on the time. In front of the Wan Li Temple, flying storks fight waterfowl, sweeping southeast of the river, which is very strong. Temple branch: "There are many storks on the mountain."

Early the next morning, the trip was less than 20 miles, and suddenly the wind and cloud suddenly broke out and I rushed to get it. Russia resumed Ji and took the lead. Pan-Peng Li's mouth is endless, but I know that Taibai's sentence of "sailing to the sky" is wonderful. I saw Lushan and Dagu for the first time. Although the beauty of the Great Solitary West Beam can't be imitated by her sister-in-law, there are quite sandbar reeds beside the Small Solitary, which is surrounded by the Yangtze River and looks like floating water.

Jianghuzikou is divided into Nanjiang, including Jiangxi Road. The river is muddy, and every time it is made of almonds, you can drink it at night. Nanjiang is extremely clear, like a rope, not chaotic.

Arrived in Jiangzhou late and ruled Dehua County, namely Xunyang County in the Tang Dynasty. Chai Sang, Li Li, take your positions. The southern Tang Dynasty was the festival of the wind and the Chinese army, and today it is the Jiang army. The shore is red, and Mr. Dongpo said, "The boatman points the shore like a shovel." Park Matsuura, the water is also very clear, and the river is not chaotic.

From July 26th to June, there were only six days from beginning to end, during which the wind couldn't stop for a day. In fact, it is four and a half days, and it is popular for 700 miles.