Model essay on mechanical drawing 1: Practical research on teaching reform of mechanical drawing Abstract: Mechanical drawing is the most important professional basic course for mechanical students, but the teaching effect of this course is often unsatisfactory, especially for students with poor spatial imagination. Therefore, how to improve the teaching effect of this course is a subject that drawing teachers have been exploring for many years. By integrating the teaching content of mechanical drawing, this paper explores the ideas, methods and specific implementation process of mechanical drawing teaching reform based on CDIO engineering education concept, realizes the teaching reform with project design as the carrier, and achieves the purpose of improving teaching effect.
Keywords: mechanical drawing; CDIO educational concept; Teaching reform; Trial teaching
First, the present situation and predicament of mechanical drawing teaching
Mechanical drawing is a professional basic course involving spatial imagination and spatial thinking ability, which is generally offered in freshmen. As the forerunner of specialized courses, it mainly cultivates students' drawing and drawing skills, and achieves the state of knowing things by drawing and constructing things by drawing, which lays a solid foundation for subsequent specialized courses, course design of reducer, graduation design and engineering design, and its role is irreplaceable by other courses. Although the current teaching system of mechanical drawing is relatively complete, the theory is seriously out of touch with engineering practice. Even with blackboard writing and multimedia teaching, students still find the whole course boring and informative, passively accepting knowledge and forgetting it after learning. They can't relate their cartographic knowledge in the subsequent study, and their practical ability is relatively weak. Specifically, the students who have just entered the work unit after completing the graduation project have poor spatial thinking expression ability, unable to express the design scheme with sketches, unreasonable design structure, imperfect graphic expression, wrong expression method, non-conformity with national standards, unequal projection relationship, and do not know what the assembly drawing should express. The root cause of these problems is the lack of information to be carried by mechanical drawing in engineering drawing teaching, and the relationship between drawing generation process and product design, manufacturing and engineering practice. As can be seen from the above, there are the following problems in drawing teaching in our school: the teaching concept is backward, the teaching link is seriously out of touch with practice, and students can't integrate theory with practice. Therefore, in order to change the current situation of drawing course in our school, improve the teaching quality and give full play to the leading role of mechanical drawing as a professional basic course, the teaching system reform of this course is imperative. According to the statistics of McKinsey & Company, less than 65,438+00% engineering graduates in China are suitable for working in foreign companies. The main reason is that most graduates apply what they have learned, and the theory and practice are seriously out of touch, so they can't express their design ideas well. The designed things are either inconsistent with the reality, or the structure is unreasonable, or it is difficult to process and manufacture, resulting in great waste. The main reason for these disadvantages is that the training objectives set by engineering colleges are not synchronized with the industry and do not meet the requirements of enterprises, while CDIO's engineering education model meets the needs of the current engineering industry.
Second, CDIO engineering education concept and its characteristics
The so-called CDIO teaching mode is a teaching method that first designs related engineering projects according to the course content, and then gradually cultivates students' spatial thinking ability, innovation ability and comprehensive quality in the process of realization and operation. It is an outstanding achievement of international engineering education reform in recent years. C (conception) stands for conception, integrating theory with practice, and conceiving how to integrate the basic principles of professional knowledge into practical projects and cultivate talents with engineering ability; D(Design) stands for design, that is, applying what you have learned to solve a specific problem through product design; I (implementation) stands for realization, organizing curriculum practice in which teachers and students participate together, integrating theory with practice and cultivating students' practical ability; O(Operate) stands for operation, through which students can learn in an active, positive and interrelated way, which runs through the whole life cycle of product application. The educational concept of CDIO is oriented to industrial demand, the course content is adjusted and optimized at any time according to industrial development, and the teaching theory is combined with engineering projects to cultivate innovative talents to meet the needs of the times. In the process of implementing CDIO concept in engineering education, teachers are required to have not only excellent theoretical knowledge, but also good engineering practice ability, adjust engineering projects at any time according to the needs of the industry and continuously improve education and teaching. In view of the fact that the current talent training mode of colleges and universities in China does not adapt to the development of modern industry, most of the students trained are? Fists and gestures? It is difficult to integrate into the work at once, and employers repeatedly complain. It is of great significance to reform the current teaching mode according to the concept of CDIO engineering education, set up engineering projects that keep pace with the times, carry out research and practice on cultivating students' engineering ability, and enhance students' social adaptability and engineering ability.
Third, the teaching reform of mechanical drawing based on CDIO
1. Reflections on the Teaching Reform of Mechanical Drawing Based on CDIO
The teaching reform of mechanical drawing course under the guidance of CDIO engineering education concept is to integrate the theoretical knowledge of mechanical drawing course into the process of new product design and manufacturing, and integrate the teaching content of mechanical drawing according to the needs of enterprises. Establish appropriate engineering projects and introduce practical projects into mechanical drawing teaching. Students should consciously cultivate their engineering consciousness, practical ability and innovative ability while participating in engineering projects, so that their spatial imagination and spatial thinking ability can be greatly improved after completing engineering projects, and they can master the relevant knowledge and skills required by mechanical drawing skillfully. In the subsequent professional course study and course design, can they? Do you know the way around? . In the process of participating in engineering projects with students, teachers consciously guide students to carry out purposeful and step-by-step practical learning, improve students' practical ability, and adapt to the training goal of cultivating applied and innovative talents in engineering colleges.
2. Teaching reform methods of mechanical drawing course
The teaching reform of mechanical drawing course based on CDIO engineering education concept divides drawing into two parts. The first part is the basic knowledge. In this part, it is very important to cultivate students' spatial imagination and spatial thinking ability. Most students obviously feel that the course is abstract, the learning content is in-depth, the homework is heavy, and they lack interest in learning. How to make students integrate theory with practice, make the boring drawing class lively and interesting, and make students change from passive learning to active learning and I am interested in learning. The setting of engineering projects has become very important. Set up suitable engineering projects, and integrate projection theory, configuration method, combination, drawing ability and engineering specifications into practice, so that students can learn in the process of participation. Secondly, the second part mainly includes teaching links such as drawing expression method, standard parts and common parts, part drawings and assembly drawings. Appropriate engineering projects, such as disassembly and expression of mechanical parts, are also set up, and this part is integrated into it for students to learn in practice. Finally, take students to visit our training base to deepen their image and consolidate their knowledge. Through a large number of investigations and consultations with relevant experts, a multimedia courseware library of mechanical drawing, a video teaching library of important and difficult points and a typical exercise library are established, and these high-quality digital teaching resources are shared with students, so that students can consolidate their drawing knowledge through these resources after class. At the same time, a dynamic teaching platform with CDIO characteristics is built, a real production and processing video library is established, the knowledge of machining is roughly explained, and a simulation video library and a typical parts processing video library are assembled, so that students can integrate all knowledge into the project well, learn by doing and truly implement the concept of engineering education.
3. The concrete implementation process of mechanical drawing teaching reform.
(1) Reconstruct the curriculum system based on CDIO and set the teaching and training objectives according to the needs of enterprises; (2) Optimize and integrate drawing teaching resources according to CDIO engineering education mode, reform teaching mode and build a dynamic teaching platform; (3) Carefully design the course practice project, integrate the knowledge of mechanical drawing course into practice, and organically combine the process of teaching, learning and doing with the participation of teachers and students. Gradually cultivate and improve students' engineering design and expression ability; (4) Establish engineering drawing training base and create real teaching situation; (5) Reform the assessment method of drawing, and establish an assessment method with CDIO characteristics, which fully reflects the needs of enterprises. Among them, the key problem to be solved is the design of curriculum projects. CDIO engineering education mode requires that the design or selection of projects should be based on real projects and events, with specific content and pertinence. Handle the relationship between the typicality of the project and the universality of the knowledge content of mechanical drawing. The project integrates practice and theory into the teaching process, the setting and selection of teachers are closely related to the learning theme, and students actively participate in teaching activities.
Four. Concluding remarks
Through the implementation of CDIO project-based teaching, students have changed from being afraid of painting, hating painting and being too boring to liking painting, finding painting lively and interesting, and from passive learning to active learning, which has a positive role in promoting students' initial development of self-ability, teamwork ability and innovation ability. In practice, this teaching mode combines theory with practice, fully arouses students' enthusiasm and interest, embodies the teaching mode and characteristics of engineering education, and the teaching effect is obviously improved.
References:
[1] Cha Jianzhong. Open? Doing middle school? CDIO mode under strategy [J]. Research on higher engineering education in 2008
[2] Wu et al. Based on the concept of engineering education? Descriptive geometry and engineering drawing? Teaching research [J]. University degree, 20 15
Model essay 2 on mechanical drawing: Cultivation of intuitive thinking ability in mechanical drawing teaching in secondary vocational schools Abstract: Intuitive thinking ability is a very important means to learn mechanical drawing. What we need to pay attention to is that intuitive thinking ability is one of all thinking. Although we are not sure at present and can't master it, we should pay attention to cultivating and using this kind of thinking in teaching. I believe that as long as we are good at observing, constantly increasing our knowledge and expanding our knowledge coverage, teachers will certainly be able to teach well.
Keywords: mechanical drawing, teaching
Intuitive thinking ability in mechanical drawing teaching in secondary vocational schools 1
(1) mechanical drawing course in secondary vocational schools. In secondary vocational education, mechanical drawing teaching is the main technical course of mechanical numerical control specialty in secondary vocational colleges, which needs to cultivate students' spatial imagination ability. The quality of mechanical drawing course in secondary vocational schools will directly affect whether students can find suitable jobs after graduation, but in reality, due to various reasons, the teaching effect is not ideal, and students' spatial imagination and thinking ability are poor. Because intuitive thinking is very important for learning this course well and mastering this technology, it is necessary to cultivate students' relevant thinking ability in normal teaching.
(2) Specific methods and measures: drawing should be combined with physical objects;
1) In the teaching of mechanical drawing, we should pay attention to the method of combining drawing with objects. Whether it is points, lines or surfaces, we should cooperate with the corresponding objects in the study of basic drawing and combination drawing, so that students can have the opportunity to see the objects and look at the concrete things to draw. At the same time, it is also necessary to cultivate students' ability to read drawings, so that they can establish a one-to-one relationship with drawings when they see physical objects. Only when students have the ability to read and draw pictures at the same time can they learn mechanical drawing well. For example, reading three views. Because the formation of three views is abstract, beginners should not realize the transformation between spatial objects and plane graphics in their brains and establish a clear spatial image. Therefore, when teaching this part of the content, I particularly emphasize that students should be good at observation: first, we should be targeted, make clear the purpose of observation, and determine the general outline of the object through preliminary observation. Because patterns are all parts with practical use value, their shapes are nothing more than the combination of basic bodies such as prisms (cones), cylinders and spheres. Be good at observation and grasp the essence. Second, we must be organized. Observe the front view, then the top view and the left view; When analyzing the view, do it one line at a time. Third, we must have judgment. We should be able to grasp the special points, lines and surfaces in the figure at once and break through first, so it will be easy to solve.
2) Find the connection between things and expand the thinking space: things are connected, and teachers should lead students to find the internal connection. When students encounter problems, they can use their imagination to compare similar things, find the internal relationship among them, and may find a breakthrough to solve the problem. For example, when encountering problems, students can analogize to some simple standard questions, which makes it easier. This requires students to have broad thinking space, which teachers should pay attention to in their daily teaching work.
3) Encourage students to make bold assumptions and cultivate students' intuitive thinking ability: Hypothesis is a conjecture based on existing knowledge or some facts, which is often used in scientific research and invention. It can be said that conjecture is the premise of success, and in hypothesis, we need to use our intuitive thinking ability. When encountering problems in mechanical drawing teaching, we should make use of the existing knowledge and adopt various imagination methods according to the relevant background knowledge of the problems. Teachers should encourage students to boldly put forward their own assumptions, guess the results, and then verify the conclusions through scientific and rigorous methods. Cultivate students' self-confidence and intuitive thinking ability in hypothesis.
4) Cultivate students' confidence in drawing and improve their interest in learning: Mechanical drawing needs students' confidence. Mechanical drawing is a practical course, and students must constantly improve their abilities. But interest is the foundation of strength. In learning, first of all, we should cultivate students' interest in learning. Teachers should carefully design every link, make the classroom full of active atmosphere, make students interested in learning, slowly cultivate their confidence in painting, and lay a solid foundation for the cultivation of their intuitive thinking ability.
5) Use various methods to improve students' spatial imagination: Mechanical drawing is a practical course, and the traditional teaching methods are too rigid, which is not conducive to students' image learning. Teachers should change teaching concepts and methods, adopt new teaching methods, and use intuitive teaching methods such as spatial models to inspire students and cultivate their spatial imagination. In teaching, I abandoned the teaching method of full-time irrigation, took teachers as the leading factor, took a student as the main body, explored learning, and adopted heuristic and problem-solving methods to achieve teaching objectives.
6) Take an active part in practice and cultivate the ability of thinking in images: Mechanical drawing course, like other courses, has a part of theory and practice, in which theory is used to guide practice and practice is the standard for testing truth. If students really want to learn mechanical drawing, they must integrate theory with practice. In the initial stage of learning, they should often practice some things or models and use the transformation between objects and views to cultivate students' spatial imagination ability. When there is an opportunity, teachers should let students feel objects and truly feel the existence of things, which is very beneficial to cultivate students' intuitive thinking ability.
2 conclusion
Intuitive thinking ability is a very important means to learn mechanical drawing. What we need to pay attention to is that intuitive thinking ability is one of all thinking. Although we are not sure about it at present, we can't master it, but we should pay attention to cultivating and applying this kind of thinking in teaching. I believe that as long as we are good at observing, constantly increasing our knowledge and expanding our knowledge coverage, teachers pay attention to methods and strengthen guidance in teaching, students' intuitive thinking ability will be improved.
refer to
1, Discussion and practice of integrated teaching of computer drawing and mechanical drawing; Journal of Wuxi Vocational and Technical College 2005- 12- 1029