On the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar, it is called "March 3 Festival", and it was called "Shangsi Festival" in ancient times, also known as "Xiuze Festival". It is the custom of the Zhou Dynasty to hold activities at the seaside in early March. If you are sick, you will be clean. Sickness, that is, by washing the body, achieves the purpose of avoiding disasters and evil spirits and praying for good luck. In the Han dynasty, the third day of March was not recognized as a festival, but the date of the first and third days of the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar was not fixed every year. After Wei and Jin Dynasties, in order to facilitate memory and unification, the third day of March was designated as Shangsi Festival.
"Qushui Flowing" is a custom originated from this festival. In ancient times, after the swaddling ceremony, people sat by the winding canal, put the cassock (an ancient wine container, an oval shallow wooden tray with a handle) on the running water, and let it flow downstream. Whoever stops in front of him will drink the wine in the cup and write a poem, otherwise he will be fined three glasses of wine. The most famous "Qushui" in history is the gathering of Wang Xizhi and his friends in Huiji. On the third day of March in the third year of Jin Yonghe (AD 353), the famous calligrapher Wang Xizhi invited 465,438+0 people, including Xie An and Sun Chuo, to build a tomb in Yinshan Lanting (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) in Huiji to inherit the ancient customs and hold the activity of "Qushui Liu Qi". Everyone drinks wine, writes poems and enjoys the scenery on paper. Wang Xizhi wrote a book on a whim and created the world-famous Preface to the Orchid Pavilion, which was praised by later generations as "the best running book in the world". Because of this, later generations also called this monument "Peng Tie".
In Shaoxing, the elegance and vulgarity of drinking and writing poems formed by the activity of "Qu Shui Xing Yun" has always been very popular. To this day, every year on the third day of the third lunar month, Chinese and foreign calligraphers gather in Shaoxing Pavilion to hold the activity of "Qushui Yunxing", chanting poems, making paper and splashing ink in memory of Wang Xizhi. Interestingly, the custom of "meandering water flowing" in China also spread to Japan.
Because China is a vast country, the time for spring outing comes first, and the third day of the third lunar month is close to Tomb-Sweeping Day *, the "repair" activities of folk beliefs are gradually replaced by drinking water and spring outing in the suburbs, so the spring outing on March 3 is gradually confused with Qingming. In addition, it is said that the third day of March is the birthday of the Queen Mother of the West. On this day, people will pray in front of the statue of the Western Queen Mother in Niangniang Temple. In some places, there is also the custom of throwing colored cooked chickens, ducks and chickens into the river, and people are waiting for them to drift around for food. Zhongxian County, Sichuan Province held a "March rally" here to commemorate the ancient Pakistani hero Ba Manzi.
March 3rd is still a grand festival in some minority areas. The Zhuang people hold a grand festival song in Xu Ge on the third day of the third lunar month, which is called "Sleeping Back Festival" in Zhuang language. According to legend, this day is the anniversary of the death of the Zhuang singer Liu Sanjie, so people set up a festival to commemorate it. Sanjie Liu is a famous Zhuang female singer in Tang Zhongzong. She is a fairy singer trained in Xu Ge, who can sing many beautiful folk songs, and is regarded as the founder and disseminator of Errenzhuan.
Gexu originated in the Song Dynasty, and later it became larger and larger. By the Qing Dynasty, there were thousands of participants in some song fairs, which was the biggest and most lively festival of Zhuang nationality in a year. Godando lasted for three days. Young people attending the concert should bring hydrangeas, eggs and five-color glutinous rice dyed with red bluegrass, yellow rice flowers, maple leaves and wisteria to gather in the concert hall from all directions. The content of antithesis songs is very rich, including knowledge songs, battle of wits songs and love songs. The content is astronomical geography, literature, society, ethics and so on. Among them, love songs are divided into meeting songs, invitation songs and love songs. The song is like a red line, holding two hearts. If a girl likes that guy, she will give him hydrangeas when others are not looking, and "he" will give him handkerchiefs, towels and other things in return. Another communication tool to express feelings is eggs. In the song fair, the young man took an egg and touched the egg in the girl's hand. If the girl doesn't want to, don't touch the egg. If you are interested, let the young man break the eggs and eat them together, and sow the seeds of love at the same time. Now March 3 has become an international song festival, a comprehensive cultural festival with a new era.
The Fireworks Festival on March 3rd is a traditional sports event of Dong people, which has a history of hundreds of years. On this day, young men and women of Dong, Zhuang, Yao, Miao and Han nationalities at the border of Hunan, Guangxi and Guizhou came to attend the meeting in Fulu, Sanjiang, Guangxi. Later generations gave candy to girls one after another, and the girl who got the most candy was the most popular girl.
Fireworks grabbing is the main activity of the Fireworks Festival. As soon as the gunfire rang, the iron ring with red and green stripes went straight into the sky and immediately became the focus of the audience. Hundreds of players on the field competed for it. The player who grabs the fireworks has both wisdom and courage. They not only won prizes from their elders, but also won the favor of girls.
At the fireworks party, everyone got together to play lusheng, sing and watch Dong Opera, as well as bullfighting, cockfighting and bird shooting. Everywhere is a scene of joy. On the third day of March, Buyi, Yi and other ethnic groups will kill cattle and pigs to worship the kitchen god and mountain god, and at the same time sweep the village to drive away ghosts. Outsiders must not enter the village on this day, otherwise it will be considered as destroying the village.
It is a traditional folk custom in Kunming to "go to the Western Hills on March 3rd". On this day, young men and women of Yi, Bai, Dai, Miao, Hani, Naxi, Wa and other ethnic groups, dressed in festive costumes, went for a spring outing in Xishan, where everyone enjoyed the beauty of nature and the joy of the festival and returned home at sunset.
Li people in Hainan want to have a "love story" in the third month of the lunar calendar, which was originally a special festival of the branch of Li Mobil, and later gradually developed into a festival for all Li people. Its formation is closely related to the marriage system of Li nationality. There will be a bonfire song and dance party on this day. By the campfire, girls and boys in the Li family danced to the beat, such as "Betel nut dance" and "wrangling dance". After the middle of the month, "mountain love" began, and young men and women sang in groups in the mountains and streams. Those who like it will both leave the group and send each other tokens of love. The young man will put an ear bell or bracelet on the girl, and the girl will tie her colorful belt around her lover's waist. This tradition of singing love songs and choosing a spouse lasted for more than two thousand years. Today's "March 3", in addition to traditional songs and dances, there are economic and trade exchanges and other activities.