-Application in food processing
The biggest use of enzymes in food industry is starch processing, followed by dairy products processing, juice processing, baked goods and beer fermentation. Amylase, glucose isomerase, lactase, chymosin, protease and other related enzymes account for more than half of the enzyme preparation market.
At present, enzymes that help and promote food digestion have become the main direction of food market development, including enzymes that promote protein digestion (bromelain, pepsin, trypsin, etc. ), enzymes that promote cellulose digestion (cellulase, glycanase, etc.). ), enzymes that promote lactose digestion (lactase) and enzymes that promote fat digestion (lipase, esterase).
Second, the application in light chemical industry
The applications of enzyme engineering in light chemical industry mainly include: detergent manufacturing (improving detergency), fur industry, gelatin manufacturing, collagen fiber manufacturing (adhesive), toothpaste and cosmetics production, papermaking, photosensitive material production, wastewater treatment and feed processing.
Third, the application of medicine.
Recombinant DNA technology promotes the large-scale production of various enzymes with medical value. The varieties of various enzymes used in clinic are gradually increasing. Besides routine treatment, enzymes can also play a medical role as some components of medical engineering. For example, in cardiopulmonary bypass devices, enzymes are used to remove blood waste, prevent thrombosis and control the drug release system in the body. In addition, as a clinical in vitro detection reagent, enzyme can quickly, sensitively and accurately determine some metabolites in the body, and it will also be an important application of enzyme in medical treatment.
Fourth, the application of energy development
Under the general trend of developing new energy sources all over the world, it is also a new way that people are exploring to produce fuel from organisms by using microbial or enzyme engineering technology. For example, using cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, starch and other raw materials in the waste of plants, crops and forest products, gaseous fuels such as hydrogen and methane and liquid fuels such as ethanol and methanol are produced. In addition, in the development of petroleum resources, microorganisms are used as a means of petroleum exploration, secondary oil recovery and petroleum refining. It is also a topic of general concern at home and abroad in recent years.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) and its application in environmental engineering
With the rapid development of science and technology, environmental purification, especially the purification of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage, is of great significance as a measure to protect nature.
Among the existing wastewater purification methods, biological purification is often the lowest cost and the most feasible. In the process of microbial metabolism, some organic matter in wastewater can be used as the required nutrient source. Therefore, using the action of enzymes in microorganisms, organic substances in wastewater can be transformed into usable small molecular substances, and at the same time, the purpose of purifying wastewater can be achieved. People have made remarkable achievements in wastewater treatment and environmental protection by using genetic engineering technology to create efficient strains and immobilize living microbial cells.
In addition, the appearance of biosensor provides the possibility for the continuity and automation of environmental monitoring, which reduces the cost of environmental monitoring and strengthens the intensity of environmental monitoring.