When did the title of "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" come into being? According to the survey, You Zhu compiled the articles of the above eight essayists into the Collection of Eight Writers in the Early Ming Dynasty, and the names of the eight great writers began. The Wenbian compiled by Tang Shunzhi in the middle of Ming Dynasty only took the articles of eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, and all the articles of other writers were rejected. This has played a certain role in shaping and spreading the names of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. Soon after, Mao Kun, who was highly respected, selected eight articles according to the compilation of Zhu and Tang, and compiled them into Notes of Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, so the names of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties were decided.
The Eight Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties were the core figures who presided over the ancient prose movement in Tang Dynasty. They advocated prose and opposed parallel prose, which had a far-reaching influence on the literary world at that time and later generations.
Han Yu
Han Yu (768-824), known as Han Changli, was an outstanding writer, thinker and leader of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty. He is the first of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" and has a lofty position in the history of China's prose development. Su Dongpo praised him as "the decline of eight generations of literature." His articles are magnificent, luxurious and unrestrained, full of twists and turns, novel and concise, logical and rigorous, blending ancient and modern. Things or lyricism have formed a unique style, reaching a height that predecessors have never reached.
liu zongyuan
Liu Zongyuan (773-8 19), with thick words, was a famous thinker and outstanding writer in the Tang Dynasty. As an advocate of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty and one of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties, Liu Zongyuan opposed the glamorous style of writing that has enveloped the literary world since the Six Dynasties and advocated concise and smooth prose.
Ouyang Xiu
Ouyang Xiu (1007- 1072), whose real name is Yong Shu, was an outstanding learned essayist in the Song Dynasty and an outstanding leader of the prose innovation movement? , one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. Because of his concern for the country and the people and his outspoken attitude, Ouyang Xiu's career has experienced ups and downs and hardships, but his creation is "the poorer he is, the harder he works". Adhering to the spirit of Han Yu's Preface to Literature, he strongly opposes extravagant and obscure "contemporary prose" and advocates a simple, smooth and natural style of writing. His works have profound connotations, diverse forms, beautiful language, charm and musicality. Many famous works, such as Zuiwengting Ji and Qiusheng Fu, have been passed down through the ages.
Susan
Su Xun, whose real name is Mingyun, is Mei. Su Xun and his sons, Su Shi and Su Zhe, are called "Three Sus". His prose is mainly about history and politics. He inherited the argumentative tradition of Mencius and Han Yu, and formed his own vigorous style with clear language and repeated analysis of truth, which was very brilliant for strategists in the Warring States period. Sometimes you can't help but have a sophistry look, which is its shortcoming. The author of Cargill. Su Shi (1037-1101), a native of Meishan, Sichuan, was named Dongpo lay man. Great writer, painter and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty. The world is called Su Dongpo. Su Zhe (1039-112) was born in Meishan, Sichuan. Influenced by his father and brother, he read widely since he was a child and was ambitious. Song Huizong succeeded to the throne, was pardoned, returned to the north, lived in Yingchang, devoted himself to writing behind closed doors, and lived a leisurely and lonely life for twelve years. Zheng He died two years later at the age of 74. He is the author of Luan Jicheng and Luancheng Postscript.
Wang Anshi
Wang Anshi (102 1- 1086), whose real name was Jing Guogong, was later called Wang. Linchuan, Fuzhou (now Fuzhou, Jiangxi) people. A famous politician, thinker and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. China is one of the famous "Eight Masters of Tang Dynasty" in the history of prose. His prose is steep, concise, philosophical, vigorous, imposing, sharp and argumentative, which creates and develops the characteristics of thorough reasoning, rigorous argumentation, meticulous logic, clear expression and harmonious unity. A unique prose style that combines matter and debate in one furnace.
Ceng Gong
Ceng Gong (10 19- 1083), a native of Nanfeng County, Jianchang Army, was an important backbone of the new ancient prose movement in the Song Dynasty and one of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Ceng Gong, who is "twelve years old and speaks amazingly", is alert and intelligent; As an adult, you came out because of literature? It was highly appreciated by Ouyang Xiu, the literary leader at that time. Ceng Gong has a strong Confucianism, advocates the theory that "Tao precedes literature" and attaches importance to the moral cultivation of writers. His academic and articles were widely known before his death, especially after his death. Ceng Gong's prose works are rich, especially his comments and records. . His argumentative paper is full of arguments, full of branches and leaves, full of twists and turns, calm and sincere; Remember? The text is clear, concise, vivid and intriguing.
Eight Records of Yongzhou
liu zongyuan
Travel notes of Shide Xishan banquet
I am a person, and I live in a state. Always anxious. Time slot also, and then give and do, long line. The sun is not far from climbing mountains, entering deep forests, returning to streams, secluded springs and rocks. When you arrive, you will sit on the grass and get drunk. If you are drunk, you will lie on the pillow and dream. The meaning is extreme and the dream is very interesting. Get up, get up, come back. I thought the scenery in the whole state was different, but I didn't know the strangeness of Xishan.
On September 28 this year, I started pointing fingers because I was sitting in Fahua West Pavilion watching the Western Hills. So he ordered his servants to cross the Xiangjiang River, where the riverside was dyed, hazel fields were wild, grass was burning, and poor mountains were high. Crawling and crawling, squatting and roaming, and then the soil of several States is padded below. The potential of its struggle is bleak, if it is like a cave, it is thousands of miles in size, and it can't be hidden. It is dazzling blue and looks like the sky outside. Later, I learned that this mountain is unique, not like Peiyuan, but like Haoqi. Travel with the creator without knowing his poverty. If you are full of action, you will be drunk. Pale but dusk, far away, can't see anything, but still don't want to return. The shape of the heart is in harmony with everything. Then I know I haven't started swimming yet. I have already started swimming, so I am writing for it. It's years old, yuan and four years.
The story of drilling a pool
Diamond beach, in the west of Shanxi. At the beginning, Ran Shui ran from the south to the rocks and bent to the east. Its potential is steep, and its swing is beneficial to violence, so it is wide and deep, ending at the end of the stone; Foam into wheels and walk slowly. It is clear and flat, covering an area of 10 acre. There are trees and springs around.
There are people living above, so you can travel in an emergency. Once the money gate came, they said, "I can't afford to rent private tickets. I can live in the mountains. I am willing to use the pool to trade in the fields and make a fortune to alleviate the disaster."
Give happiness like you said. Then worship its platform, extend its threshold, walk its spring in the pool where the highest one falls, and make a sound. The Mid-Autumn Festival is especially suitable for enjoying the moon, and you can see that the sky is high and crisp. Who gave the pleasure of living in a foreign country and forgot his hometown? Isn't it a pond?
Tan Li Xishan drilling record
Eight days after arriving in Xishan, find 200 steps northwest of the mountain pass and you can drill the pool. Twenty-five steps west of Tanxi, when it is turbulent and deep, is a fish beam. There is a hill on the top of the dam with bamboo and trees growing on it. The stones on the mountain stand out, and then the earth breaks through the ground, competing for competition, and their number is almost unknown. People who are tired of each other are like cows and horses drinking streams; The man who rushes to the corner is like a bear climbing on the mountain. The hill is very small, less than an acre, and can be put into a cage for your own. Asked who the owner was, he said, "This is what the Tang family doesn't want. I want to sell it, but I can't sell it." . Asked the price, he said, "Only 400 Wen." "."I like it. I'll take it. Li Shenyuan and Yuan Ke traveled together, and they were both very happy. It started with an accident. Then take turns to pick up tools, shovel weeds, cut down trees and light a fire to burn them. Jia Muli, Mei Zhulu. Stone show. Looking around, the mountains are high and the clouds are light, the streams are gurgling, and the birds and animals are wandering, so you can return your skills to the hills. Lying on the pillow, it is cold, with eyes, ears and ears. God has thoughts for those who are free and unfettered, and he has thoughts for those who are deep and quiet. The second person who gets to a different place without walking for ten days, although the ancient people are good, may not be able to arrive.
Hey! With the beautiful scenery of this mountain, give it to Feng, pickaxe, Hu and Du. People who like to go shopping every day will buy more and add thousands of dollars, but buy less. Nowadays, this country is abandoned, and farmers and fishermen live a humble life. Jia 400 can't even be sold at the age of four. I enjoyed it alone with Shen Yuan and Keke, but the result was terrible! Write this article on a stone and congratulate the hill.
Go to Xiaoqiu West Xiaoshitang
120 steps west of the mountain, across the bamboo forest, smelling the sound of water, like singing, I am happy. Cut bamboo and walk along the road, and see the small pool below, the water is particularly clear. The whole stone is at the bottom, close to the shore, and the bottom of the rolling stone comes out, which is a mountain, an island, a mountain and a rock. Green trees and vines, covered and twisted, staggered and brushed.
There are hundreds of fish in the pond. They are all swimming in the air. The sun is shining, the shadow is on the stone, motionless; When you are far away, communication is sudden, like enjoying tourists.
Looking from the southwest of the pool, you can see that it is zigzag. Their shore potentials are different from each other and their sources are unknown.
Sitting by the pool, surrounded by bamboo forests, lonely and empty, sad and cold, quiet and quiet. It is too clear to live for a long time, but remember.
Travelers: Wu Wuling, Gong Gu and Yu Dizong Xuan. The second son Cui Shi said, "Forgive yourself and serve me." .
Yuanjiakeji
Walking ten miles southwest of Ran Xi, the scenery is desirable, and there is no way to drill a pool. From Xikou to the west, on land, you can take eight or nine, such as Xishan. From the southeast of Chaoyangyan to Wujiang River, it is desirable to be three, thirstier than Yuan Jia. It's always beautiful and strange
In Chuyue dialect, the reverse flow of water is called "thirst". I am thirsty to get along with Nanting, and I am eager to get along with a hundred schools of thought. Among them, the stream is heavy, the pool is shallow, the toilet is tortuous, the ink is flat and deep, and the boiling white is steep. There is no end to being poor.
There are hills above the water, all beautiful stones, and green bushes on top, which are common in winter and summer. There are many rocks beside it, and there are many pebbles below. There are many trees in it, such as heather, grapefruit and orchid. There are also exotic flowers and grasses, like acacia, like creeping, like swaying water stones.
Every wind descended from the four mountains, shaking the trees, covering the grass, blushing scary, fragrant, rushing into the waves, retreating into the valley, shaking and growing, with the passage of time. Most of them are like this, and the rest are inexhaustible.
Eternal people have never traveled, and they are afraid to enjoy it alone and spread it all over the world. Its landlord, Yuan. Therefore, it is famous far and near.
Shiquji
When I was thirsty, I couldn't walk a hundred paces to the southwest, so I arrived at Shiqu and Ren Minqiao. There is a faint spring, and its voice is loud and thin. The width of this canal is only a stone's throw, or 10 step long. It flowed to the big stone and fell out of it. After passing the stone, there is Hong Shi, and the calamus is surrounded by it, and the green is all around. It turned to the west again, sank under the rocks and fell into a small pool in the north. The pool has shrunk 100 foot, the water is deeper and there are more fish. In the Northern Song Dynasty, I was tired. If I didn't stop, I would die of thirst. Its two sides are covered with strange stones, trees, flowers and beautiful arrows, so you can sit in a row. The wind shakes its peak and moves the cliff valley. See its stillness, but listen to its distance.
Give it to the state shepherd. Get rid of decay, never spare earth and stone, respect and burn, flourish and benefit. I cherish those who pass on their stories before they start, so I'm tired of remembering what they belong to. Keeping their people and learning from them will make it easier for those who do good deeds later.
On the eighth day of the first month of the seventh year of Yuanhe, the stork reached Dashi. 10 19, when the stone ended, Hong Shi Tan Xiao was discovered, and the beauty of the canal began to become poor.
Shi Jian set
The stone canal is poor, from the northwest of the bridge to the shadow of Tushan, and the people's bridge is full. Its water is one third as big as the stone canal, at the bottom of the stone canal, reaching both ends. If the bed is in the lobby, if it is full, if it is limited to the Olympic Games. Spread horizontally, flow like weaving, and ring like playing the piano. Open it and go, break the bamboo and sweep the old leaves, and drain the rotten wood. 189 will be able to live in Luohu bed. The flow of sexual intercourse and the sound of touching are under the bed; The water of jade feather and the stone of Long Lin are all hidden on it. Ancient people had fun, didn't they? Can latecomers follow suit? The day I got it, it was the same as the stone canal.
Those who are thirsty come first from the stone canal and then from the stone stream; From Baise, first from Shixi, then from Shiqu. The poor people in the stream are all from the southeast of Shicheng village, during which there were many coke people. The deep mountains and secluded forests above are steep and narrow, and you can't be poor.
Xiaoshicheng pheasant
From Xishan Road to Huangmaoling in the north, there are two roads: one is to the west, and nothing is found; One is less in the north and east, but 40 feet, the soil is broken and two rivers are divided, and there are accumulated stones across its vastness. It is the shape of a beam; Next to the castle pier, if there is a door, you can see that it is black, throwing pebbles, and there is water in the hole, which has been ringing for a long time. The ring can be seen far up. Without soil, a beautiful arrow is born, which is strange and firm, and the strangeness is suppressed, which is also applied by the wise.
Hey! I have doubted the existence of the creator for a long time, and the more I think it is sincere. I also blame it for not being listed as a barbarian in Zhongzhou, and it is useless to sell its poems for thousands of years. If it is not suitable for the gods, it will be fruitless. Or: comfort your husband and feel ashamed of this person. Or: its spirit of qi is not for great men, but for things, so there are few people and many stones in southern Chu. I don't trust them.
Liu Zongyuan (773 -8 19) was born in Hedong (now Yongji, Shanxi). Less delicate and sensitive, but refined by the text, admired by the times. Zhenyuan nine years (793) Jinshi. In addition, he has achieved success in his studies and given lectures well, and was awarded the Hall of Jixian. Captain Lantian, thanks to the supervision of this suggestion. He, Liu Yuxi and others participated in the political innovation activities of Wang Group. During the Shunzong period, the official etiquette was the foreign minister. After the king failed, he was demoted to Yongzhou Sima. Ten years later, he was transferred to Liuzhou Secretariat, where he died. The world is called Liuliuzhou or Liu Hedong. There are complete works of Liu Hedong.
Liu Zongyuan was an outstanding poet in the middle Tang Dynasty. His poems are deep and clear, "hair is thicker than simple and ancient, and it has a different taste when sent to the lake." (Su Shi's After the Collection of Poems by Huang Zisi) Prose is as famous as Han Yu, and is listed as the Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, and is an advocate of the ancient prose movement in Tang Dynasty. Han Yu called Liu "dignified and elegant, like Sima Zi Chang".