08- 1
Surnamed Qiu
Instructor Diao Ke Mei
Time: 20 10 may 14
Campus safety (monitoring) design task book
This graduation project includes the following contents:
1. Be familiar with the system and collect technical data.
By searching on the Internet, we can understand the intelligent technology of buildings and the control technology of computer process monitoring. Negotiate with relevant units to investigate the latest social needs and implementation direction.
2. Write an overview of a paper
Through the investigation of the project, the paper is divided into two parts: "campus safety (monitoring)" and "building automation technology".
Write a defense thesis
Write the graduation thesis and give it to the teacher for comment.
Graduation design requirements:
Students who participate in campus security (monitoring) design should take this design seriously, complete it in strict accordance with the time specified by the instructor, and attend classes on time. Take it seriously and finish it seriously.
PS: Other participants: Zhang Binxian, Sun Chaochao, Guo, Yi Xianfeng and Liu Zengkai.
Qingdao Institute of Technology
Haier college
Electrical automation technology 08 1
Instructor: Diao 20 10-5- 14
Campus security (monitoring)
First, the background of campus monitoring:
With the development of education in China, the scale of schools is expanding, students are concentrated in high density, the openness of campus and the socialization of logistics services are getting higher and higher. How to deal with campus safety work and sudden mass incidents, reduce campus violence and effectively protect schools has become the focus of attention. Coupled with the recent frequent campus tragedies in China, it is extremely urgent to strengthen campus security and protect the safety of teachers and students.
All along, schools have been increasing investment in civil air defense and physical defense, such as increasing school guards, organizing school guards for students, heightening fences, and installing steel guardrails in students' dormitory windows. These measures have produced certain effects, but there are also some disadvantages, such as the continuous expenditure brought by school doormen and the installation of steel guardrails in dormitories that do not meet the fire protection requirements. In fact, technically speaking, the establishment of technical defense monitoring system, the installation of monitoring points in key parts and crowded places of each campus, and the implementation of the prevention and control system combining civil air defense, technical defense and physical defense can enhance the safety factor, reduce daily investment and control public security cases to a minimum.
Second, the characteristics of campus monitoring:
The school security system has something in common with the ordinary security system, but it also has many characteristics and requirements:
1. More monitoring points: The school is densely populated, and it is required to monitor every corner of the campus. Therefore, it is necessary to install camera probes in the corridors, halls and ceilings of each dormitory in the school, but the monitoring scope does not include the interior of the dormitory to avoid infringing on students' privacy.
2. Large monitoring area: The campus area of the school is generally large and there are many monitoring points. The system is required to support a variety of wiring methods, and it is best to use existing lines (such as the campus network of a school) or charge multiple subsystems relatively independently, so as to facilitate construction and maintenance and reduce costs.
3. Require remote alarm: When students and faculty leave school, they can start remote mobile alarm. When there is an intrusion at each monitoring point, the alarm can be uploaded to the network monitoring center through the network, and the image can be automatically switched to the scene for automatic recording, so as to take timely measures.
4. Preventable campus violence: When campus violence occurs or may occur, people at all levels can touch the emergency button and call the 1 10 alarm center to prevent or stop campus violence.
5. Accidental injury evidence collection: During school, students should be able to record all monitoring points so as to provide evidence voluntarily when accidental injuries occur.
6. It can be used in other applications: the security system should be combined with the daily work of the school to play the greatest role.
Third, the campus safety plan:
This design is mainly aimed at the security monitoring of our hospital (taking Qingdao Vocational and Technical College as an example). The system includes TV monitoring system and wireless alarm system in Huangdao campus, with TV monitoring system as the main part and wireless alarm system as the supplement. The design scheme of security monitoring system adopts modern advanced digital technology, network technology and information technology. Starting from the requirements of modern security, we comprehensively consider many special factors, such as large area, many monitoring points, wide distribution, great difference in night lighting effect, lightning fog and other complex weather effects, long-distance transmission, difficult construction and so on. In the design, the advanced nature and reliability of technology are fully considered, and the future development and changes of technology and the needs of overall expansion are properly considered. The technical selection of the system and the specific technical indicators of the equipment are designed systematically. According to the principle of "reasonable layout, stability and reliability, economy and practicality, advanced technology", and on the basis of referring to the recent successful similar cases, the digital storage management scheme of sub-network mixed transmission is determined by comprehensively considering the advancement, rationality and economy of the scheme.
Fourth, the overall requirements
A. Functions of campus monitoring system:
(1) Real-time monitoring function: monitoring and digital video recording can be carried out 24 hours, and multiple televisions form a display wall, which is convenient for real-time monitoring of multiple monitoring points.
(2) Image recording and playback function: full-time network management server is used to display and record all camera images to ensure that important image information will not be lost, and historical images can be searched and played back at any time; The video materials shall be kept for at least one month;
(3) Alarm linkage function: When the original alarm system is connected to the campus monitoring system, the position of the alarm point is displayed on the electronic map, and the camera in the alarm area automatically switches to display the image of the alarm point according to the preset program;
B other requirements: the system should comprehensively consider the effects of complex weather such as insufficient lighting at night, lightning protection and fog. , and have all-weather operation ability. Camera wiring can use the existing outdoor weak current trench and weak current bridge room in the building, and the wiring can be laid according to national standards and specifications.
Equipment connection diagram
System architecture diagram
Campus safety monitoring distribution map
V. Equipment requirements:
1 image information collection part
The image information collection part, also called camera part, is the front end of CCTV monitoring system and the eye of the whole system. The products in this part mainly include: camera, lens, pan/tilt, protective cover, decoding controller, etc. These products come from different uses (such as indoor and outdoor installation). ) and different grades.
2 signal transmission part
The video signal transmission part is the image signal path of the system. Generally speaking, the transmission part refers to the transmission of image signals, but in the CCTV monitoring and prevention system, it also includes the transmission of sound signals and the transmission of control signals from the control center to the front-end pan/tilt, lens, wiper and so on. Image signal transmission is divided into wired transmission and wireless transmission: wireless transmission is expensive, and because RF transmission often needs the approval of the local property management Committee, it is easy to interact with local CCTV broadcasting, so it is rarely used in the actual CCTV monitoring and prevention system. Video wired transmission medium generally refers to coaxial cable, optical cable, twisted pair, etc. Because the image signal path will inevitably introduce noise, especially when the front camera is far away from the control room, the signal-to-noise ratio of the whole system can not be ignored. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of long-distance image transmission, a series of products such as video compensator, amplifier, distributor and equalizer have appeared. When optical fiber is used for transmission, there are also corresponding series of products, such as: optical fiber can be divided into single mode and multimode, and its optical cable structure is also diverse; Optical fiber transmission modes include frequency modulation (FM) and multi-channel amplitude modulation (AM), from which various modulators, demodulators, mixers, optical transmitters, optical receivers, wave splitters and directional couplers are derived.
Central control, display and recording part and digital monitoring host.
Controller is the "brain" and "heart" of CCTV monitoring system. Through the controller, the operator can call the image of the front camera to control the actions of auxiliary components such as lens, pan/tilt and lighting. With the development of electronic technology and computer technology, the digital application of security technology has become an inevitable trend. The appearance of digital hard disk video recorder provides an effective way for the digitalization and intelligence of modern security. The traditional recording equipment-analog video recorder is gradually being replaced by digital hard disk video recorder. Networking function is the basic requirement for hard disk video recorder, and it is also an important feature that distinguishes hard disk video recorder from analog video recorder. Therefore, the digital monitoring host (digital hard disk video recorder) is the central control and recording part of the digital monitoring system and the most critical component of the digital monitoring system.
Six, system performance and main equipment technical indicators:
(1) camera:
1) Considering the factors such as system cost and protection position, this system adopts a mid-range color camera, and the selection of system camera adopts Mu Zi saw color camera Mu Zi saw.
2) All cameras are semiconductor integrated circuit type and 1/3 high CCD charge-coupled type to ensure their sensitivity and image quality, and should have optical inertia function, backlight compensation function and be equipped with automatic aperture. When the camera is illuminated by strong light or spotlight, it can automatically adjust the amount of light entering and keep the picture quality clear.
3) The video cable, power cable and control cable connected to the camera are connected by special plug-ins for easy maintenance.
4) The camera adopts power synchronization, which ensures that there will be no image scrolling when switching control, and it can lock itself in the synthesized video signal.
5) Technical indicators of the camera:
Scanning standard: 625 lines, 25 fields, 2: 1 interlaced scanning system, PAL system.
The video should be: 8MHZ
Horizontal definition (color): 330 TV line
6) Effective pixel: 400,000 (color)
7) Automatic/manual white balance
8) Video output: 10V is divided into two video signals, 75Ω.
9) Synchronization mode: power synchronization mode.
10) Signal-to-noise ratio: (color) less than or equal to 48Db.
1 1) sensitivity: (indoor, color) greater than or equal to 0.06Lux(F3.6).
12) ambient temperature:-10℃ to +50℃
13) Relative humidity: 30%~90%
(2) Four written separators
1) is used in multi-camera monitoring system. Each processor can receive up to four video signals from various live cameras, which are displayed on the monitor and recorded on the video tape at the same time. The image display mode should be selectable on the control keyboard. The image signals selected from a camera should be displayed in full screen one by one, or four inputs should be monitored at the same time, and one or four inputs should be displayed on the same monitor screen.
2) The control keyboard of the four-writing reticle has the following switches: four cameras selection, image display mode selection, video recording and freeze frame selection.
3) The keyboard can encode each camera.
4) The processor has a built-in character generator and a time (year, month, day, minute and second) generator, and the corresponding date/time, place and other information should be displayed in the corresponding text form.
(3) Monitor
1) Considering the cost, the monitor adopts ordinary domestic TV sets. It is used to receive video signals from video cameras and video recorders and display high-quality images.
(4) Video recorder
1) The video recorder used in this system is South Korea's Samsung long-time video recorder, which can be used for standard speed real-time video recording and multi-segment lag video playback.
2) The video recorder shall be able to record and play back with standard video tape with a time delay of up to 24 hours.
3) A time and character generator is attached to record the time (year, month, day, hour, minute and second) and the name or number of the monitoring position synchronously with the image, and display it on the monitor at the same time.
4) Fast forward/fast backward.
5) Video recorder technical indicators.
Video signal: PAL/CCIR, 623 lines, 50 fields (frames)
Recording/playback mode: VHS, E- 180 video tape, standard speed and slow video recording.
Recording/playback time: standard time, intermittent video recording is optional for 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours.
Video input: 0.5-2.0p-p, 75■, unbalanced, BNC
1.0 peak-to-peak, 75■, unbalance, BNC
Horizontal resolution: color image, 280 lines (VHS, SP)
Video signal to noise ratio: not less than 43dB(VHS, SP).
Channel: 1
Microphone input: -67 dB, RCA
Output: -6db, RCA
Signal-to-noise ratio: 43db (3% dry photography)
(5) Video transmission cable
Video signal transmission adopts SYV-75-5 type.
1) 75 ohm special copper cable. Coaxial cable is composed of single core or multi-strands, with the minimum diameter of 1. 12mm, rubber insulated, covered with copper braided shield and PVC yielding sleeve. Coaxial cable shall comply with the relevant provisions of BS23 16, as well as the national codes and industry standards of China.
2) When the nonuniformity of black and white TV signals transmitted by coaxial cable is at 5MHZ, and the color TV signal at 5.5MHZ is greater than 3dB, cable equalizer should be added, and when it is greater than 6dB, cable equalizer amplifier should be added.
3) Coaxial cable should have good shielding, bending and moisture-proof performance.
4) The attenuation of coaxial cable should not be greater than1.5dB/100m at 5.5MHZ and 3.7dB/100m at 30 MHZ.
5) Cable laying shall comply with relevant electrical construction codes or regulations.
(6) Power supply:
1) Function of centralized power controller: There are many single devices used in the system, which has certain requirements for system switching and sequence. Some devices need to be turned off when they are not working and turned on in time when they are working. After the centralized power controller is adopted, the power supply of the system can be automated, reducing frequent switching actions. After the controller is started, the power supply can be switched on and off regularly to control the power supply equipment, and each channel can be set independently at any time and any number of times.
2) The monitoring system and all electrical equipment are powered by centralized power supply.
(7) Other equipment:
The console and TV wall cabinets are specially designed according to the appearance of the equipment, customized by professional cabinet manufacturers, and the surface color is directly coordinated according to other cabinets in the control room.
(8) Environmental conditions (as the basis of equipment selection):
Outdoor environment:
Temperature: -20 degrees Celsius to +70 degrees Celsius
Relative humidity: 35%~95%
Wind speed: 40m/s
Indoor environment:
Temperature: -5℃ to +55℃
Relative humidity: 35%~95%
Wind: I don't think so.
Power supply characteristics: 220 V AC, 50 Hz.
Voltage fluctuation range is responsible for 65438 00% frequency fluctuation range 2%.
Design basis of intransitive verbs
Relevant data of campus monitoring in Qingdao Vocational and Technical College
Technical requirements for wired transmission equipment of image signals in control system of burglar alarm center GB/T 16677-0 1
Universal anti-theft alarm controller
Conclusion:
In recent years, electronic technology has advanced by leaps and bounds, and TV monitoring system has also produced unprecedented popularity and development. The matrix control system with more perfect system functions, stronger comprehensiveness, easier assembly, simpler operation and more flexible control replaces the traditional switcher, which makes the system have unparalleled advantages. Modern TV monitoring system is the latest and most important part of modern security technology.