By using the methods of experiment, field investigation and observation, this paper takes a middle school volleyball player as the research object, and analyzes the function of physical training methods on young volleyball players, hoping to improve their physical fitness through scientific training methods. The results show that strength quality, speed quality, endurance quality, flexibility quality and flexibility quality are essential psychological qualities for young volleyball players, and corresponding physical quality training is needed in these aspects. When carrying out physical quality training, we should pay attention to the physical and mental characteristics of teenagers, arrange the amount of exercise step by step, develop in an all-round way, do not overload training, develop in a balanced way, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, prevent adverse effects and improve training efficiency. The experimental results show that after quality training, all the indexes of athletes' physical fitness have been improved, which provides conditions for improving athletes' volleyball skills.
Keywords: teenagers; Volleyball players; Physical quality; training method
Research on Physical Training Methods of Juvenile Volleyball Players
Physical education in Guangzhou Institute of Physical Education
Zhou Zifeng's tutor Zheng Shibin
By using the methods of experiment, on-the-spot investigation and observation, this paper takes the players of Shenzhen Guanlan No.2 Middle Volleyball Team as the research object, and analyzes the effect of physical training methods on young volleyball players. Physical quality. The results show that strength, speed, endurance, flexibility and flexibility are the necessary psychological qualities for young volleyball players, and corresponding physical quality training is needed in these aspects. When carrying out physical training, we should pay attention to training according to the physiological and psychological characteristics of teenagers. Training should be gradual and comprehensive, and the amount of exercise should be arranged reasonably. The experimental results show that after quality training, the physical fitness index of athletes has been improved, which provides conditions for the improvement of athletes' volleyball skills.
Keywords: young people; Volleyball players; Physical quality; Training methods
catalogue
Chinese abstract I
Abstract 1
Foreword 1
1 research object method 1
1. 1 research object 1
1.2 research methods 1
1.2. 1 literature research methods 1
1.2.2 interview method 1
1.2.3 Field observation method 2
1.2.4 experimental method 2
2 Findings and analysis 3
2. 1 Main methods of physical training for young volleyball players 3
2. 1. 1 strength training 3
2. 1.2 speed training 3
2. 1.3 endurance training 3
Flexibility training 4
2. 1.5 Flexibility training 4
2.2 Analysis of experimental results of adolescent physical training 4
2.2. 1 After the experiment, the data of sit-ups of young volleyball players for one minute changed 4
2.2.2 After the experiment, the data changes of young volleyball players in 50m run 4.
2.3.3 After the experiment, the data of juvenile volleyball players' forward flexion in sitting position changes 5.
2.3.4 After the experiment, the running data of juvenile volleyball players 1000m changed by 5.
2.3 Precautions for Physical Training of Young Volleyball Players 6
2.3. 1 Carry out training according to the physiological and psychological characteristics of teenagers 6
2.3.2 Training should be gradual and all-round development 6
2.3.3 Arrange the amount of exercise reasonably, and don't overload training.
2.3.4 Balanced development and teaching students in accordance with their aptitude 7
2.3.5 Prevent adverse effects and improve training efficiency 7
3 Conclusions and recommendations 7
3. 1 conclusion 7
3.2 Recommendation 7
Acknowledgement 9
order
Physical fitness is the key for volleyball players to improve their volleyball skills. Only through scientific training to ensure the physical level of volleyball players can we achieve good results in the competition. As an antagonistic ball-holding sport, volleyball needs to catch the ball quickly, which has high requirements for athletes' arm strength, running speed, endurance, physical coordination and bouncing ability. Therefore, if volleyball players want to improve their special technical level, they should not only have basic physical conditions such as height and arm length, but also maintain their volleyball skills through physical fitness. Only by improving their physical fitness can volleyball players stand out in the competition.
The development of any sport can not be separated from the technical essentials and physical fitness, and physical fitness is the basic guarantee of sports specific technical movements. It can be said that volleyball skills and athletes' own physical fitness are interdependent, and only excellent physical fitness can make athletes' technical movements play to the greatest extent. Therefore, improving the physical quality of young volleyball players is the guarantee for athletes to achieve good results.
Teenagers are in the period of development, and their physical quality has great plasticity. Scientific physical training for young volleyball players can effectively improve their physical fitness, which is the guarantee for athletes to complete their movements with high quality and the basis for improving their technical level. The research on the quality training methods of young volleyball players aims to find the most effective training methods, so as to better improve the physical quality of young volleyball players. Therefore, this paper has launched a research on the training methods of juvenile volleyball knowledge and physical fitness. Good training methods can ensure the training effect. By understanding the main methods, training principles and matters needing attention of young volleyball players, it provides the basis for scientific planning of young volleyball players' physical training system in the future.
1 research object method
1. 1 research object
The research object of this paper is the training method of young volleyball players' physical fitness.
1.2 research methods
1.2. 1 literature research method
In this paper, using China HowNet, school library, online search engine, newspapers and magazines and other tools, the relevant literature and materials about the physical training of young volleyball players were retrieved. After reading these articles carefully, the author summarizes the views of scholars and provides the research basis for this paper. .
1.2.2 interview method
Through an interview with a middle school physical education teacher, this paper understands their attitudes and views on the physical quality training of young volleyball players, and provides qualitative information for this paper.
1.2.3 field observation method
The author went deep into the volleyball training ground of a middle school and observed the basic situation of physical quality training of young volleyball players, including training methods, training contents, training precautions and training effects.
1.2.4 experimental method
By designing the related experiments of physical training for young volleyball players, this paper compares the changes of physical fitness of young volleyball players before and after the experiments, and understands the effect of the current training methods.
Table 1 experimental design of physical training for juvenile volleyball players
project
content
teacher
author
Teaching place
Middle school volleyball court
experimental subject
There are 20 volleyball players, including experimental group 10 and control group 10.
Pretest
Before the experiment, the physical quality of the players was tested and recorded.
Experimental content
Volleyball players in the experimental group were trained in strength, endurance, flexibility, speed and flexibility, while those in the control group were trained in ordinary training mode.
experimental period
16 weeks
Post test
After the experiment, the physical quality of the players was tested and recorded, and compared with the pre-test data to analyze the experimental effect.
Before this experiment, according to the evaluation standard of National Students' Physical Health Standard, the physical fitness of 20 volleyball players in a middle school was measured and the measurement data was recorded. On the premise that there is no obvious difference in physical fitness indexes between the experimental group and the control group, experimental research is carried out, and the results are taken as the average of boys and girls.
Table 2 Physical Condition of Middle School Students before Experiment
test item
Experimental group
control group
P
Height (m)
170 0.32
169 0.2 1
0.84
Weight (kg)
58 0. 14
56 0.22
0.062
Vital capacity (ml)
4000 37
3900 45
0.056
50-meter run
8 0. 12
8. 1 0. 1 1
0.754
Body curvature in sitting position (cm)
17.5 0.08
17. 1 0. 14
0.052
1000 meter run
225 14
227 2 1
0.067
One-minute sit-ups (minutes/piece)
5 1 4
50 4
0. 125
According to the table 1, the middle school students' physical health scores in the experimental group and the control group are similar, with a small average difference (P > 0.05), which is not significant, so experimental research can be carried out.
2 Survey results and analysis
2. 1 Main methods of physical training for juvenile volleyball players
2. 1. 1 strength training
Effective strength training can improve athletes' muscle contraction ability. In volleyball, common strength training includes waist and abdomen core strength training, upper limb strength training and lower limb strength training. Through strength training, the balance and flexibility of sports shoes can be improved. In the process of sports, volleyball players need to use strength to complete the bouncing action. Common strength training includes lifting dumbbells and finger push-ups. Lifting dumbbells exercises athletes' upper limbs and arm strength, and finger push-ups exercise athletes' abdominal core strength. Lower limb strength training can be accomplished by sit-ups and supine flexion. In addition, one-legged jump and standing long jump are also important methods to improve the lower limb strength of young volleyball players. Waist and abdomen strength is the guarantee of core strength, which needs to be mobilized in the process of volleyball players hitting the ball in the air. Waist and abdomen strength is mainly exercised by sit-ups, sit-ups and leg lifts, and core strength can be exercised by assisting abdominal supination and holding solid balls in both hands.
2. 1.2 speed training
The speed training of volleyball is mainly to carry out rapid response training by improving the moving speed of athletes. In the speed training of volleyball, it is necessary to complete the action by listening to the signal and observe the direction of gesture change to exercise the reaction speed. At the same time, mobile training can also exercise athletes' reaction ability, such as striding, sliding, backward and forward, which are all scientific mobile training methods. In volleyball, in order to improve the moving pace, we need to start with the preparation posture, make correct action judgment according to the direction, nature and landing point of the ball, and quickly complete a series of actions such as passing, cushion, spike and block. In the speed training of volleyball, it starts from different directions, different routes and different postures. Mobile training, or trot training; Bouncing and catching the ball are good training methods.
2. 1.3 endurance training
Endurance training is generally realized by long-distance running. In aerobic exercise, the cardiopulmonary function of young volleyball players is exercised to improve their vital capacity and endurance. At the same time, it can also be combined with other aerobic exercises, such as barbell practice and strength endurance training, which can effectively exercise the endurance of young volleyball players. Endurance training is mainly achieved through aerobic training, which can enrich the forms of swimming. For example, with the help of auxiliary tools, combined with powerful movements such as opening and closing jumps and cross running, athletes' cardiopulmonary function can be activated to achieve the purpose of endurance training.
2.2.4 Flexibility training
In volleyball competition, flexibility will have a certain impact on the whole game. If students lack flexibility in sports, it will inevitably increase the reaction time, which will lead to the inability to keep up with the normal rhythm of the game in the actual sports process. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen students' flexibility training in the usual teaching process. In the actual teaching process, when teachers explain relevant tactics, they can convey to students how to control their actions in different situations, and at the same time enhance students' flexibility in dealing with different situations through actual simulation.
2. 1.5 flexibility training
The flexibility training of volleyball is mainly stretching. By stretching the muscles of legs, arms and shoulders, volleyball players can better expand their bodies during sports. In terms of training methods, stretching can be improved by means of auxiliary props, such as railings. And you can also stretch each other between players to make the stretching action deeper.
2.2 Analysis of the experimental results of adolescent physical training
After 16 weeks of physical training, the author tested the physical fitness of 20 young volleyball players after the experiment, compared the data of athletes' physical fitness indexes before and after the experiment, and analyzed the effect of this physical training.
2.2. 1 Data changes of one-minute sit-ups of young volleyball players after the experiment.
Strength quality mainly refers to the contraction ability of volleyball players' muscles. In volleyball, muscle strength determines whether the action can be completed effectively and forcefully, and muscle contraction strength ensures the athletes' muscle contraction ability, so muscle strength is also the driving force of volleyball. The strength quality of young volleyball players can ensure their muscles to contract continuously at the fastest speed, and through the outbreak and endurance of muscles, athletes can better complete their movements. Muscle endurance can make athletes contract continuously during exercise and help athletes complete strength movements.
Table 3 Changes of data of sit-ups of juvenile volleyball players in one minute after the experiment
test item
Experimental group
control group
P value
One-minute sit-ups (once per minute)
62 2
55 4
0.035
Sit-ups According to the changes of young volleyball players' physical fitness after the experiment, one-minute sit-ups changed from 565,438 0 4/min before the experiment to 62 2/min after the experiment, which was better than the average score of 55 4/min in the control group after the experiment, P < 0.05, indicating that there was a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in one-minute sit-ups after the experiment. Therefore, physical quality training can effectively improve the strength quality of athletes.
2.2.2 Data changes of young volleyball players in 50m run after the experiment.
Speed quality refers to the running speed and reaction speed of volleyball players with the ball. Speed quality reflects the transfer time of volleyball players from seeing the ball to receiving it. The shorter the time, the faster the player. Speed quality enables athletes to quickly complete various technical movements. Speed quality is the guarantee for volleyball players to take the initiative on the court. Only quick reaction speed and running speed can improve the ball control rate of players and take the initiative in the game.
Table 4 Changes of 50m dash data of juvenile volleyball players after the experiment
test item
Experimental group
control group
P value
50-meter run
7.5 0. 14
7.9 0.2 1
0.036
Judging from the changes in the physical fitness of young volleyball players after the experiment, the average score of 5 0-meter running changed from 8 0.12s before the experiment to 7.5 0.14s after the experiment, which was better than 7.9 0.21s of the control group after the experiment, P < 0.05.
2.3.3 After the experiment, the data changes of young volleyball players' sitting forward flexion.
Flexibility quality represents the flexibility of athletes' bodies, which is related to the flexibility of joints and ligaments, muscles and the range that tendons can obtain. The athlete's body structure. The range of motion of each joint is limited, and the range of motion of the body is related to the stretching of the muscles and ligaments connecting the joints. In volleyball, the flexibility of athletes can help them better exert their muscle strength, better master technical movements, effectively prevent sports injuries and improve the quality of movements.
Table 5 Changes of sitting posture flexion data of juvenile volleyball players after the experiment
test item
Experimental group
control group
P value
Body curvature in sitting position (cm)
19.6 0.08
17.9 0. 12
0.042
Judging from the changes in the physical fitness of young volleyball players after the experiment, the average score of sitting in the front seat changed from17.5 0.08 cm before the experiment to19.6 0.08 cm after the experiment. Compared with the average score17.9 0.12 of the control group after the experiment, it is better than cm, P < 0.05, which shows that there is a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group after the experiment. Therefore, physical training can effectively improve the flexibility of athletes.
2.3.4 Data changes of juvenile volleyball players 1000m running after the experiment.
Endurance quality refers to the ability of volleyball players to exercise their muscles for a long time. For volleyball, what athletes need is full endurance, which can ensure that athletes have good physical strength to complete continuous competitions in long-term competitions. Endurance quality is closely related to athletes' breathing and training system. By improving the endurance quality of athletes, athletes can maintain good physical strength in the competition, and will not consume physical strength in the long-term competition, so that athletes can maintain their physical strength to complete the whole competition.
Changes of the running data of juvenile volleyball players 1000m after the experiment.
test item
Experimental group
control group
P value
1000 meter run
2 13 1 1
220 15
0.025
1000m endurance race can effectively test the endurance quality of young volleyball players. Judging from the changes in the physical fitness of young volleyball players after the experiment, the average score of 1000m running changed from 225 14s before the experiment to 21311s after the experiment, which was more average than the control group after the experiment. Therefore, physical training can effectively improve the endurance quality of athletes.
Changes of vital capacity data of juvenile volleyball players after the experiment
test item
Experimental group
control group
P value
Vital capacity (ml)
4400 12
4 100 34
0.024
Judging from the changes in the physical fitness of young volleyball players after the experiment, the average vital capacity changed from 4000±37ml before the experiment to 440012mml after the experiment. The average score was 4100 34 ml ml, which was better than that of the control group after the experiment, P < 0.05, indicating that there was a significant difference in vital capacity between the experimental group and the control group after the experiment.
On the whole, after the experiment, the physical fitness index of young volleyball players in the experimental group is better than that in the control group, which shows that the related physical fitness training has an influence on the physical fitness index of young volleyball players in the experimental group, and scientific physical fitness training is conducive to improving the physical fitness of athletes.
2.3 Young volleyball players physical training considerations
2.3. 1 Carry out training according to the physiological and psychological characteristics of teenagers.
Young volleyball players are still in the development stage, both physically and psychologically, and have their own characteristics. Teenagers have strong subjective consciousness and initiative in sports. Therefore, young volleyball players should be taught in accordance with their aptitude, trained according to the physiological and psychological characteristics of different teenagers, and pay attention to the diversification of training methods and contents, and never use a single training method, otherwise it will not be suitable for the personality development of teenagers.
2.3.2 Training should be gradual and comprehensive.
For the physical quality training of young volleyball players, we must follow the principle of all-round development step by step, and the training content and quantity should be an incremental process, because nothing can be done overnight. Avoid the inadaptability of young volleyball players in training and affect the training effect because of overtraining. Therefore, physical training must conform to the development law of teenagers' physical quality.
2.3.3 Arrange the amount of exercise reasonably, and don't overload training.
When designing the physical fitness training scheme for young volleyball players, we should arrange the training amount reasonably, the one-time training time should not be too long, grasp the intensity and density of training, and let the athletes adjust their breathing in time through the number of intervals to ensure the sense of rhythm of training.
2.3.4 Balanced development, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude.
For young volleyball players, each player is an independent individual with his own ideas and basic conditions. When designing a physical training program, we should pay attention to the sense of balance in content, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, and design training items and methods related to the athletes themselves to ensure that the content and intensity of training can adapt to the athletes' own conditions.
2.3.5 Prevent adverse effects and improve training efficiency.
The physical quality training of young volleyball players should prevent the accumulation of adverse effects, such as arranging faster exercises after completing slower exercises to form a benign transfer of training. Pay attention to cultivating the habit of relaxation and adjustment of young athletes after physical training.
3 Conclusions and suggestions
3. 1 conclusion
3. 1. 1 Strength quality, speed quality, endurance quality, flexibility quality and flexibility quality are the necessary psychological qualities of young volleyball players, and corresponding physical quality training is needed in these aspects.
3. The experimental results of1.2 show that after the implementation of quality training, athletes' physical fitness indexes, including strength quality/speed quality, endurance quality and flexibility quality, have been improved, which provides conditions for improving athletes' volleyball special skills.
3. 1.3 When carrying out physical training, we should pay attention to the physiological and psychological characteristics of teenagers. The amount of exercise during training should be gradual, comprehensive and reasonable. Don't overload training, develop in a balanced way, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, prevent adverse effects and improve training efficiency.
3.2 Suggestions
3.2. 1 According to the strength quality, speed quality, endurance quality, flexibility quality, flexibility quality, design the related training of young volleyball players' physical fitness, improve the physical fitness index of volleyball players and improve their sports quality.
3.2.2 Adhere to scientific planning, scientifically arrange training time and amount of exercise, and teach students in accordance with their aptitude, so that young volleyball players can play a better role in the competition.
3.2.3 According to the characteristics of different young volleyball players' physical conditions, carry out physical quality training, design targeted training items and training contents, and improve the training effect.
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