Developing rural tourism is an effective carrier and means of new rural construction.
Most remote rural areas, from the perspective of nature and location, cannot get rich by industrialization. It is a good idea to develop agricultural industrialization and intensive production, but there are still many constraints. To sum up, the right to use the means of production in rural areas is scattered, the mastery of modern production technology and skills is low, and the financing for rural farmers' economic development is difficult, so farmers cannot complete the original accumulation. In fact, due to the limitation of natural conditions, no matter how fast industrialization and urbanization develop, many rural areas have no substantial impact on such areas. At present, the government is unable to implement the strategic population transfer, and farmers generally lack the economic ability and skills to transfer.
Most rural areas should implement dislocation development in urbanization. There is a "siege phenomenon" between urban and rural areas. City people want to go out. Because of the economic foundation, people in the city should return to simplicity in their spare time, enjoy the natural scenery and enjoy the pastoral scenery. Rural people want to go to cities, where there are many employment opportunities and colorful life. Such an exchange of production and lifestyle has provided great business opportunities for rural areas rich in natural resources and human resources, that is, vigorously developing rural tourism. City people go to the countryside to spend money, bringing rolling financial resources to the countryside. In the past two years, some so-called "farmhouse music" projects have been stopped. In essence, it is not the mistake of developing the "farmhouse" tourism policy, but the misunderstanding of investors. First, it changed the nature of land use, second, the procedures were incomplete, and third, it deviated from the original meaning of "farmhouse music".
On how to develop rural tourism, mountain and river experts give several views:
First, the significance of developing rural tourism
Pay attention to natural ecology in developing rural tourism. There are many local characteristic cultures, rich ethnic and folk customs, high-quality agricultural and sideline products and many fresh water products. Developing rural tourism is conducive to solving the "three rural issues", increasing the income of village collectives and farmers, speeding up the pace of building a new socialist countryside and improving the backwardness of rural areas.
No matter from the economic, social and cultural levels. Most farmers are still unable to get rid of their dependence on land and agriculture. Due to the natural weakness of agriculture (low anti-risk ability and low income of agricultural products) and farmers' lack of means of production (low education level, lack of effective financial support, large population and small land), the current rural production model can not participate in market competition.
Development and success of rural tourism. It will certainly promote the development of rural areas in the direction of "production development, affluent life, civilized rural customs, clean village appearance, natural ecology and democratic management" and promote the comprehensive and coordinated development of rural politics, economy, society and culture. In other words, without these preconditions, rural tourism projects are doomed to fail.
In addition, on the whole, most rural areas and farmers in our city will remain in a state of "food and clothing are more than enough, and wealth is insufficient" for a long time. Although a large number of young and strong laborers go out to work and bring back considerable income, it has caused the hollowing out of the countryside. The younger generation will not and will not despise farming techniques. This group with low education and insufficient skills to make a living in the city is deeply influenced by urban culture, but it can't really integrate into the city and doesn't want to live in a rural area with poor material and culture. They have become free men wandering between urban and rural areas, losing their enthusiasm for their hometown and the vitality of rural development. Vigorously developing rural tourism can provide a good entrepreneurial space for this group, and also provide employment opportunities for rural middle-aged and mature surplus labor, and increase farmers' income.
In a deeper sense, rural tourism can enhance the reputation of originally closed villages, increase the social interaction of aborigines, expand the space for survival and development, stimulate farmers' enthusiasm and sense of responsibility for building their hometowns, caring for their hometowns and protecting the environment, attract talents and capital inflows, fully integrate rural natural resources, human resources, human resources and even production resources, generate comprehensive economic benefits, and increase the added value of labor and products.
Rural tourism is a good supplement to the main tourism products in our city, and it is also an effective carrier to show natural scenery, folk culture, local customs and special food, which is very in line with the weekend leisure needs of the surrounding urban people. Through consumption, the wealth of the city flows to the countryside, forming a good wealth redistribution mechanism in which the city feeds back the countryside.
Second, the guiding ideology of rural tourism development
The development of rural tourism should be carried out in the mode of government-led+company-driven+collective and farmers' participation, and the development of rural tourism should focus on indigenous people to form a win-win situation for all three parties.
The responsibility of the government is policy guidance, major infrastructure (transportation and power supply) construction, appropriate financial incentive mechanism, financing support, strong supervision and establishment of a sound service system. According to the natural scenery, cultural characteristics, product characteristics and tourist source forecast, rural tourism should be comprehensively planned and developed on a large scale. It is necessary to guide the construction style, landscape design and folk program art of rural tourism projects, so as to get the best interpretation effect of human landscape, natural landscape and agricultural production landscape. The most important and crucial role of the government is to provide comprehensive and powerful supervision and services for the development of rural tourism, and provide consultation and coordination, including lawyers, policies, taxation, project management, price standards, pricing principles, financing plans, public security subsidy applications, water resources management, catering hygiene, food safety, rural public cleaning and complaints.
The company's role is mainly to build core tourism projects in areas with large-scale development of rural tourism, give play to the functions of gathering and optimizing the market-oriented allocation of resources, and serve the industry.
Village collectives and farmers are the main bodies of developing rural tourism. Instead of waiting for the government and developers to deliver meat to their mouths, they actively participate in construction and investment. Village collectives and farmers who abide by the rules of rural tourism games can get the support of government policies on the one hand, and considerable incremental income from their own stock of resources through the investment of developers on the other hand. By participating in labor or capital investment, we can greatly increase the landscapes preserved in the village, such as hometown, cropland, contracted land, rivers, grasslands, vegetables, poultry, agricultural and sideline products, aquatic products, folk activities and traditional skills. A large number of middle-aged and elderly surplus laborers are very suitable for rural tourism and logistics services, and they can get employment opportunities at home.
Third, the content composition of rural tourism
The products of rural tourism should be rural landscapes with pure local culture and local flavor, colorful traditional folk activities for viewing, the combination of production, life and entertainment, slightly wild natural landscapes, humanistic landscapes and leisurely travel modes. It can't be said that rural tourism will become the mainstream, but it is definitely the best supplement after seeing the ingenuity of the ancients, the natural creation of nature, the stimulation of drifting, the comfort of hot springs and the exotic customs. Even for city dwellers who have half a day's leisure, a country trip is a very popular content for a change.
In principle, rural tourism is based on primitive ancient villages, folk customs and natural landscapes, with seasonal scenery of agricultural production, local high-quality green agricultural and sideline products and supporting modern entertainment and living facilities as its contents. The product structure of rural tourism has a multi-level structure, which adapts to different investment scales and objects. 1, outdoor hotel. Choose the main line tourism products with convenient transportation, beautiful rural environment, broad vision, dense green trees and bamboo forests, and human resources or natural resources that can be developed around them. The architectural style should be consistent with the national culture of the village and integrated with the natural landscape. The construction standard is not less than three stars, and investment is invited for development. Village collectives can take land adjustment and land reclamation for centralized areas, and the land can be used as shares or charged a one-time transfer fee for other projects. This kind of hotel is suitable for local official receptions and foreign tourists with large-scale mainline tourism products around.
Village collectives can replace the land by replacing the homestead and demolishing the area of old houses, and make unified plans to build "farmhouse" restaurants, workshops performing traditional crafts, rural folk performances and other places where tourists can interact, and cook delicious farm dishes with local agricultural and sideline products to attract tourists and provide catering services and entertainment services for tourists. 2. tourist campsite. The tourist campsite is suitable to be built not too far from the city. It is best to choose a place with mountains and water, contiguous farmland and broad vision. The campsite is equipped with low farmhouse buildings, such as youth hostels or brightly colored board houses and tent areas. Grass is planted on the sloping dry land of the campsite, and golf practice, horse riding, lawn tennis, miniature football, lighted basketball court, boating, fishing, participatory folk programs, barbecues, bonfires and other recreational projects suitable for group activities are also under way. Developing rural tourism well provides a channel for farmers to increase their income and stimulate their enthusiasm for construction, which is conducive to the social development and progress in rural areas, the protection and inheritance of folk traditional culture, the transfer of farmers to cities and the economic accumulation of mastering urban survival skills and technologies, and the long-term stability of rural areas. No matter from which angle, rural tourism is worth promoting by governments at all levels. The key to promoting the innovation of rural system and mechanism is to activate the internal vitality of rural tourism development. It is necessary to cultivate and strengthen leading enterprises in rural tourism, guide tourism enterprises to form new industrial advantages in the form of farmers' participation, and change the status quo of "big industries and small scenic spots". It is necessary to increase investment attraction, and vigorously introduce funds, brands, management, technology and professional management teams of investment developers inside and outside the city.
Beijing He Shan Shui Yi Planning and Design Institute has been focusing on leisure product design and holiday project development for many years, and has accumulated a large number of well-known experts, professional teams and professional technical partners in the industry, forming a practical project concept of overall project implementation, professional resource integration and follow-up service. The core competitiveness is the leisure upgrade of tourism products, the planning and design of resorts, the design of local landscapes and ecological buildings.