Product, as long as it is read this novel, it is impossible to connect the characters' characters and words in the novel.
Talk about manners. Stop thinking. All this is constantly lingering in their minds.
Mind, let them think, let them extrapolate.
All the critics unanimously affirmed that Stendhal profoundly reflected his times. only
If you look at the subtitle of the novel "Chronicle of the Year", you can appreciate Stendhal and Pakistan.
Like Erzak, he is only consciously writing history for modern society. But for most people,
For readers, it is obviously not because they care about politics 100 years ago that they like Red and Black.
Black. What people are really interested in is its hero Julian sorrell. Julian R.
The conflict of the whole social environment, his ambition, ambition and struggle alone, his understanding of reality
Resentment and retaliatory resistance. This is the gripping place of the novel. leave
After Julian's tragedy, everything else is meaningless to readers. Appreciate the fascinating plot of the novel and experience the fate of the protagonist.
Progress came to an abrupt end in death and lament, and people had to ask again and again:
What are "red" and "black"? What is its real metaphor? For this problem,
For more than a hundred years, literary and art researchers have been arguing endlessly, but there has been no consensus.
Opinions vary, or "red" refers to the red military uniform, representing the army;
"Black" is a teacher's black robe, representing the church. Or "red" refers to the French Revolution.
The heroic age of the Napoleonic Wars; "Black" refers to the reactionary rule of the Restoration Dynasty. Or admit it
Being "red" refers to Julien, a petty-bourgeois rebel who resisted the restoration system in a special way;
"Black" refers to the dark forces that surround reactionary churches, nobles and bourgeoisie. have
From the perspective of "the depth of human nature", people think that red and black are feelings symbolized by "red".
The struggle between an emotional force and another emotional force symbolized by "black". Others use it.
Lacan's psychoanalytic theory on the relationship between the subject of desire and narrative structure in Red and Black
Through analysis, it is considered that the protagonist of the novel hovers between "imaginary world" and "symbolic world"
Between. Therefore, the interpretation of the title of the novel is that "red" is imagination, missing mother, blood,
The source of life rhythm is the image of desire itself; "Black" symbolizes the world, father and law.
Institution, realism, castration, monasteries and religious authority. It can be said that "benevolent people have different opinions."
Benevolent people have different opinions, and wise people have different opinions. Of course, it is beyond reproach. This is all great novels.
* * * Same personality. For example, in A Dream of Red Mansions, some people read revolution, some people read politics, and some people read politics.
Some people read love, others read life and so on.
Through the red and black lines, with the fascinating plot, we carefully
Appreciate the "red" and "black" contained in it. I think this work has developed from the beginning to
The ending runs through three groups of "red" and "black" main lines, and only by following these three groups of clues can it be profound.
Only by understanding the profound significance given to this work by the author can we understand the short life of the protagonist.
Life and his destiny.
The first group: "Red" symbolizes the Red Army uniform of Napoleon's soldiers; "Black" symbolizes the priest.
Black cassock.
The second group: "Red" symbolizes the apprentice pursued by Julian sorrell; "black" elephant
Symbolizes the death of the protagonist's ending.
The third group: "red" symbolizes holy water, death, the womb and the rebirth of Julian in the church;
Black symbolizes church, death and cave at the same time.
Let's analyze the meaning in groups.
The first group: "Red" symbolizes the Red Army uniform of Napoleon's soldiers; "Black" symbolizes the priest.
Black robe
This is Stendhal's explanation when answering a friend's question. At the beginning of the novel
From the beginning, the author showed people that although the surface is weak, there is a group in the depths of the soul.
Fire-like enterprising spirit, a stream of blood flows upward.
Lian. So how can we get ahead? The Red Army uniform of Napoleon's soldiers was in his heart.
Looking forward to it, they want to make achievements on the battlefield like Napoleon at the age of 30 and become prominent.
General. But even at the wrong time, during the restoration period, civilians didn't even wear them.
The possibility of military uniform, the best way to get in touch with the upper class is to be a priest.
When Julian saw a respected old judge in a boring argument by a
Defeated by a little priest, a priest in his forties got three times as much as Napoleon.
He took the salary of his famous soldiers, stopped mentioning Napoleon's name and studied theology hard.
He thought: "all undertakings need smart people ... under Napoleon's rule, I will."
I am an officer, and I will be a bishop among future priests. "Therefore," red and
Black "is parallel here, and it is the road to the apprentice pursued by Lian Xin."
The second group: "Red" symbolizes Julian sorrell's pursuit of the apprentice; "black" elephant
Sign the ending of the leading role.
To understand this group, I think it should be understood from the following three aspects.
1. From the original intention of novel creation,
It is worth noting that why did Stendhal portray his hero in this way in his novels?
A "wise man", such an idealistic and cautious young man.
The ending ended in tragedy, instead of shaping the image of a winner? I think this is it.
Stendhal didn't finish explaining the metaphorical meaning of this title, that is, "red" symbolizes Julian's pursuit.
Seek; "Black" symbolizes death. Here "red" and "black" are not parallel, but opposite.
The contradiction. To understand this group, we should start from the following two aspects.
First, the author compares the red uniforms of Napoleon soldiers with the black robes of priests.
"Red"-"Black" as the dream pursued by Julian, the protagonist, is not only because of his works.
Those who joined the army at the age of 17 went on three expeditions to Europe with Napoleon and participated in them personally.
Battle of Longo, Battle of Jena, once stationed in Milan ... He is the only contemporary writer.
Someone who really understood the Napoleonic era. But times have changed, and the priest is a man who can even realize
An ambitious career.
If you want to know more about Stendhal's works, you must first understand his heart.
Stendhal's heart is not full of motivation, but full of interest. Because talent and interest themselves
This is just some general things, so he is obsessed with some empty forms.
In other words, there is nothing specific, and because of the lack of utilitarian and moral motives,
He won't be deeply moved by anything. In fact, for him, the beginning of passion is
Games, experiments, killing time, when people think he will be completely addicted to passion,
He suddenly moved to another place.
In form or overall, Stendhal's ideal is also quite chaotic and
Contradictions Because he seems to care only about personal motives and stimuli.
The form of love, for which he endowed with majestic momentum and motive power only belonging to a higher level.
Heroism. Therefore, he gave his hero the same form. Even in short.
I have planned many roles for myself in my short life: Napoleon's adjutant and agent.
Teachers, commanders, instructors, etc. From this perspective, his role can be changed.
In exchange, as long as you can achieve the goal of getting ahead.
Secondly, we can't ignore that Stendhal was born into a noble lawyer family and died at the age of eight.
Mother, he grew up with a terrible poor priest, and was greatly depressed physically and mentally.
A passage by Father Xilang in the book also shows the denial of Lian's pursuit: "I told you.
This is to make you understand that being a priest won't bring you anything if you are in power.
Flattery, it will get a curse, ... "This shows that the author does not think that being a priest is.
What a bright road, but it is a business of going to hell.
2. The plot in the novel
At the beginning of the novel, there is a passage saying that Lian has not yet set foot on the journey.
Title: "... he was alone in the church, on the low stool of prayer, and even found one." "
There was a small piece of paper with words written on it ... His eyes rested on it, which read: Louis.
Sorrell's sentence and the last details of his life were executed in Besancon on 1920 ... this remnant.
He can read clearly the three words from the opposite side:' the first step'. ... he's deep
He sighed deeply and then said, "His name ends with me …" He rubbed the paper.
Into a ball.
When I came out of the church, I believed it again and again and saw a pool of blood next to the holy water bowl, but it was actually
The spilled holy water looks like blood against the red cloth in the window. most
Later, I was ashamed of my hidden fears.
Am I a coward? He asked himself, "Take up arms. These words
The recurring fact in war stories described by the old military doctor is that Lian seems to be brave.
Symbol. He stood up and walked quickly to Mr de renard's house. "
From this perspective, the beginning of the novel has predicted the end of the protagonist: He from the church.
I started working as a tutor in Mr de renard's house and began to pursue his career.
The battlefield, as a secretary to DE larmor mansion-back to the church to shoot his lover.
Mrs. renard was sentenced to death, indicating that his pursuit of "red" was doomed to failure.
Or death is "black".
3. From the perspective of lexicology
Let's look at French, English and Chinese dictionaries. The explanations of "red" and "black" are basically the same.
Is consistent. "Red": ① refers to the color like blood; ② Symbolizing revolution; ③ Symbolic avoidance
Profit and success. And "black" means: ① black; 2 gloomy; ③ death. Therefore, from the word
From Xue Hui's point of view, the author's metaphor is also very clear: Red Army uniforms and robber robes, which
A "red" and a "black" is the road to success that I am eager to pursue.
The result of (red) must be death (black).
The third group: "red" symbolizes the holy water of the church, the uterus and the rebirth of Julian; The same is true of "black"
It symbolizes the church, death and caves.
After pursuing the parallel opposition between "red" and "black" and "red" and "black"-
Pursuit-after failure, the work ends with the parallel integration of "red" and "black".
The understanding of this group should start from the following aspects.
1. Judging from the plot,
Looking back on Lian Cong's four years of pursuing success, readers who read carefully can pay attention to it.
When he arrived, Julian kept talking about "success", "getting rich" and "the apprentice", which was envied everywhere.
I envy the "happiness" of the rich man, but I have never figured out what he really wants. He pawned the money.
Of course, he always wanted to earn more money as a bishop than as a general.
However, Lang is more concerned about who to eat with than how much money to get. He refused to have sex with Ellie.
Sally's favorable marriage, he refused to take the safe road of getting rich like Fukai, and he also learned from
Don't accept gifts that have no birthright ... in short, you are not even a person who loves money. this is
He was very different from those who longed for success at that time, including nobility and capital.
Producer. Apart from social status, what he wants first is honor, equality and self-esteem.
Followed by money, property and enjoyment. Some researchers believe that Julian's whole heart
Spirit embodies an ideological system that is opposite to feudal thought and an individual standard.
Core ideology, which determines him and his death.
Irreconcilable conflicts between societies also determined his irreparable tragic fate.
In a word, even an individualist is better than an individualist.
It is more accurate for a young man who unfortunately goes astray in pursuit of personal happiness. Julius Caesar's
What he did, even what he thought and thought, contradicted his spiritual calling in essence.
Yes
If we say that young farmers' hearts have experienced a lot before reaching "hypocrisy"
It's a long road, so his death means he just died on a longer road.
Just took the first step, and he finished it in prison. Rich in content and heavy in weight
The heavy and far-reaching novel Red and Black is actually about a young man who pursues luck.
On the road to happiness, how to move from confusion to sobriety is, in the final analysis, to write a word "enlightenment". this
It is the only solution to the eternal problems of mankind, and it is also the situation in which red and black are connected.
A true portrayal of. The genius of Stendhal is that he only works hard on the word "fan" and seems to bend over.
The path leads to a secluded place and the future is bright. Everyone said it was from victory to victory, but now it seems to have been boarded.
Suddenly, two shots were fired during the rush hour, causing Gong to fall heavily on the ground, just like a voice exclaiming:
"This road is blocked!" So the protagonist suddenly "felt" and then realized it in retrospect.
This is a new way ... this is also the shock of this novel. therefore
Julian found a home and was reborn. In this sense, he is both a success and a failure.
Someone who knows how to repay. Here, the contradiction between "red" and "black" is unified
Step 2 read between the lines
"Red" and "black" are dialectical unity. One of the signs of "black" is beyond language.
The existence of symbol chain is characterized by trauma and death, and one of the "red" symbols is obviously related to blood.
It is related to death, so "red" and "black" are integrated.
In the second group, this article mentions Julian's work in Mr. De Reina's house in the novel.
When the court teacher went to church to pray, he found that the name of the executed person was the same as his name, and
And believe that there is blood on the beach next to the holy water bowl. In another part of the novel, he wrote: "Telford.
Mr. Lie asked: Why did Mr. Sohail choose the church as the murder site?
If it hadn't happened at that time, his rival in love would have been there for mass. the many
I agree that the lucky person protected by you (I press Miss Martell) has infinity.
Smart and cautious. If he hides in the well-known Mr. De Reina,
Is there anything simpler in the garden? Few people will see it there,
No arrests or suspicions. And it's easy to kill the woman he envies. "
Babies need to be baptized in church when they are born, which symbolizes life and hope.
"Red" of hope; The church is also a place to pray for the dead, symbolizing the "black" of death, not
Whether in China or in the West, people believe that the purified soul can be regenerated.
Here, the contradiction between "red" and "black" has reached unity.
Psychologically, both caves and churches can symbolize the uterus. They all like it.
In a sense, it offers the hope of regeneration. As Claude Loire said: warm and peaceful.
Jingmu Cave, where Julian took a nap before he started his survival adventure. He was thirsty.
I hope I can finally "rest in peace", because the word rest in peace is just right. Knowing this, I
Children can answer the questions raised by the characters in the novel again. Through contradiction and resistance
After practice, Julian was finally born again. Here "red" symbolizes blood, son.
Palace, healthy church, Julian's "Regeneration"; "Black" symbolizes the churches and caves of death.
"Red" and "black" once again become a parallel fusion here.