At the Third Plenary Session of the 17 session, a new round of land reform with "land circulation and commercial management" as the core content was introduced, and land privatization was about to happen. The polarization immediately appeared, and the land transfer was a large-scale merger. The assets of1500 million mu of cultivated land exceeded 1000 billion, which gave legal basis.
The problem of China is the problem of farmers in China. The problem of farmers is the problem of land. Mencius put forward the legal principle of depriving people of their property when meeting with Liang Huiwang, which laid the foundation of China's feudal system. The rise and fall of the China dynasty in the next two thousand years also occurred on the issue of private property. The prosperity of the dynasty is to restrain the powerful and powerful, so that farmers have full autonomy in life and labor. The decline of the dynasty began with the reform that encouraged the powerful to annex and plunder private property. Powerful people robbed the industries on which industrial workers and businessmen depended. Today's land reform with land circulation as the core is the jurisprudence of the land on which farmers depend, thus revealing the desire of powerful people for the most fundamental assets of the Chinese nation.
The following landing, I hope to enlighten netizens to understand and solve the agricultural problems in China.
I. Chinese traditional agriculture
China agriculture began in Shennong, and Huangdi was an advocate of ecological agriculture in China. Historical records. The Chronicle of the Five Emperors records that (the Yellow Emperor taught people) to sow a hundred grass trees and (tame) birds, beasts, insects and moths. The sun, the moon and the stars are on the side, and the water wave (Wo Wo) is rich in earth, stone and jade; The old adage of labor, energy, eyes and ears, water saving, fire prevention and material saving laid the foundation of agricultural civilization in China. The peasant calendar in this paper, called the Yellow Calendar in ancient times, began in the Yellow Emperor and was cultivated by the people of the Yellow Emperor. Chunhua birds (poultry), animals (six kinds of animals), insects and moths (sericulture), developing farming and aquaculture. Diligent in developing production. Save water, control the use of fire, save materials and appliances, reduce the felling of trees and protect forests. In order to protect resources, it is forbidden to pick oranges, hunt and catch waterlogging in mountains, swamps and primitive wetlands. These thoughts and measures of the Yellow Emperor continued into the 20th century. Stone tablets can be found in many places to close mountains for afforestation. Fishing also retains the custom of opening ponds.
Since the Yellow Emperor, he has opposed slash-and-burn cultivation, although China did not end Yamakaji's farming methods until 1980s. The teachings of the Yellow Emperor played a restrictive role, so that China's earth ecology was not destroyed by slash and burn. This is different from the ancient Egyptian civilization of the Nile, the Babylonian civilization of the Euphrates River and the ancient Greek civilization, which forms the contrast today.
The consequence of slash-and-burn is the destruction of the earth's ecology and the fundamental reason of land desertification. One of the reasons is that thin harvest leads to wide planting. It is fat to receive more and receive less. With more fat and food, you can have a stable life and a fixed home. Farmers in China wrote articles on farmyard manure, which increased the output of crops and established a circular natural economy.
Farmers must feed pigs, cows, chickens, ducks and geese. No livestock, no home. The purpose of raising cattle is to cultivate the fields. A cow eats tens of thousands of kilograms of forage every year, which not only digests the straw of crops, but also eats tens of thousands of kilograms of weeds, turning waste into treasure and balancing the ecology. Cow dung is the main source of farm manure. There are many ways for farmers in China to collect and utilize cow dung. Farmers must build a cow dung tank, a pig manure pool and a hot water tank. Cow dung cans are cow dung piled in sheds, and pig manure pools are located under pig houses. The excrement, waste water and rainwater in the excrement pond and the whole courtyard are all collected in the water cellar of the lotus pond or courtyard. There are many kinds of lotus roots in the center of the cave. Dig in winter and pick in summer, and lotus fragrance has a unique flavor. To achieve "fat water does not flow outside the field." People and animals are fully used as fertilizers to promote agricultural production, which not only eliminates agricultural pollution; It also established circular ecological agriculture, which was called organic agriculture by western scholars. You can't be a family without pigs. Pigs are called "tapirs" in "Six Livestock". Therefore, a family must have pigs at home. Raising pigs is also a source of food and clothing. Pigs can digest leftovers and rice bran and make full use of food. Raising pigs turns surplus grain, vegetables and weeds into meat products, making families rich and solving the problem of eating oil and meat for one year. Pig manure urine is one of the main sources of farm manure.
Raising chickens and ducks is the source of meat and eggs for farmers. When they eat in the wild, they can eat some pests and eat the food on the ground indoors, so that they can make full use of resources. Chicken manure is the best farm manure.
The aquaculture industry has not only developed financial resources, but also developed fertilizer sources. Six animals are prosperous and crops are abundant. In the production and life of farmers, they depend on each other and promote each other, forming a virtuous circle of biological chain.
Ancient poets in China wrote many poems about farmhouses and agriculture in China. For example, Wei's "Calling the Tian Jia" and Xin Qiji's "Qing Ping Le" in the Southern Song Dynasty are both beautiful pastoral paintings.
Wang Wei, Kawada [Tang]
Sunset shines on the market, and cattle and sheep go home along the path. There is also a rugged old man waiting for Chai Fei with a stick at the door of the thatched cottage.
Rooster's beauty show, silkworm baby fell asleep, peeled mulberry leaves. Jojo and Fu Tian greet each other cordially.
Qing Pingle [Southern Song Dynasty] Xin Qiji
The thatched roof of the hut is low and small, and the stream is covered with green grass. Drunk and charming, who has white hair? The eldest son is weeding in the bean field on the east side of the stream, and the second son is busy knitting chicken cages. I like children without cheeks best, and lotus flowers fall on the stream head.
Northland or Jiangnan. Whether it is Wang Wei, a poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, or Xin Qiji, a great poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, mountains and rivers are broken and still in war. The life of the rural families they described is so harmonious and natural. This is the traditional agriculture in China and the agricultural society in China.