Labor and Social Security Law Part I: Research on Career Planning of Labor and Social Security Majors Abstract: How to guide the students majoring in labor and social security to make career planning in line with their interests, personalities and abilities at the university level is the focus of the discipline construction of labor and social security majors. By analyzing the problems existing in the management of students' career planning, such as unreasonable curriculum setting, unscientific career planning, and imperfect health education of professional psychological counseling, this paper puts forward some concrete countermeasures to improve the career planning of students majoring in labor and social security.
Keywords: labor and social security major; Students; Career planning
Career planning refers to combining personal development with organizational development, analyzing, summarizing and measuring the subjective and objective factors that determine a person's career, determining a person's career goal, choosing a career to achieve this career goal, making corresponding action plans for work, education and training, and making reasonable arrangements for the time, order and direction of each step. Everyone's career is limited, and if you don't make a practical plan, it will definitely affect the success of your career. Students majoring in labor and social security are in the exploration stage of career planning, which requires both high goals and corresponding action plans. With the expansion of colleges and universities, the employment problem of graduates is becoming more and more serious. Many students majoring in labor and social security are unable to find an ideal job because of their lack of reasonable understanding and positioning of their major and self, and their lack of career decision-making and choice ability. Therefore, students majoring in labor and social security should be given full career planning and guidance through various channels.
First, the problems existing in the career planning of students majoring in labor and social security.
(A) unreasonable curriculum design, simple content
At present, most colleges and universities offer career planning courses for labor and social security majors, but the course design is not very reasonable. Many schools only rigidly implement the spirit of national policies and offer career planning courses, without investing a lot of manpower and material resources in the allocation of teachers and curriculum design, and the quality of teachers themselves is not high. The school attaches too much importance to the professional training goal, and the teaching place is limited to the classroom, using the forms of teaching and learning, speaking and listening. The content only stays in policy propaganda, formal analysis and skill teaching, which is theoretical, but ignores the hypothetical cultivation of prominent roles in career and the adaptability to occupation and society. Poor practicality, not prominent professional characteristics, can not stimulate students' interest in learning, students' professional self-concept awareness is weak.
(B) career planning counseling system is not perfect
Career planning counseling for students majoring in labor and social security can be completed by several teachers, but a complete counseling system should be established. At present, colleges and universities in China have not invested funds and manpower in proportion to develop vocational education for students majoring in labor and social security in accordance with relevant state regulations. Staffing is extremely scarce. There are few professional career planning teachers, so it is difficult to have enough time and energy to provide targeted career counseling for each student. There are also few full-time professional teaching teachers, all of whom are counselors and some other professional teachers. My theory is poor, and I don't know much about students' professional situation.
(C) the lack of scientific career planning, blind job hunting
Knowing yourself and your own specialties is the basis of your career planning. Many graduates majoring in labor and social security know themselves and their careers by their own subjective judgments and evaluations, which eventually leads to blindness in job hunting. There are many reasons for this result. First of all, career assessment and career planning are scientific methods to measure personal career interests, personality and career development potential, which only appeared in China in recent years. For most colleges and universities, the teachers of career planning courses for labor and social security majors are mostly part-time, and their main goal is to provide graduates with a job as much as possible. Most instructors are not qualified for career guidance, and they don't know how to help graduates make career plans. Secondly, at present, the specifications of some foreign evaluation software are not completely suitable for China college students, and the specifications of domestic evaluation software are not very comprehensive. Therefore, we should develop more detailed and targeted evaluation software for different regions and labor and social security majors.
(D) The health education of vocational counseling is not perfect
Under the social background of increasing employment pressure year by year, the psychological pressure of students majoring in labor and social security is increasing. Many students have psychological anxiety in the face of employment pressure, so they can't know themselves objectively, find their potential abilities and professional advantages, and can't design their own career plans. At present, the psychological counseling service institutions in colleges and universities are equipped with fewer teachers and their professionalism is not strong. They only stay at the student level of family counseling, facing narrow and passive students, and there is no professional counseling specifically for college students' professional psychology. In today's employment pressure, it is very important to pay attention to the psychological changes of students and strengthen the psychological health education of students majoring in labor and social security and their career.
Two, improve the labor and social security students' career planning countermeasures
(A) to strengthen the construction of students' career education concept
It is necessary to establish the educational concept of paying attention to students' all-round development, developing their potential and putting students' sustainable development first. College students' career is a scientific educational activity, which aims to guide students to achieve all-round development, career success and life success. Its education must be guided by scientific and advanced ideas. The ultimate goal of career planning education is to promote students' all-round development and guide their careers to success. Its direct purpose is to fully tap the career development potential of students majoring in labor and social security, give full play to and mobilize the favorable factors in their own potential and quality, and promote self-maximization and all-round development. Career education for labor and social security majors should be based on a comprehensive analysis of students themselves, career opportunities and career world, so as to help students realize and develop their potential. Career planning education is a personalized, systematic and long-term educational activity, which runs through the whole process of students' study and life. In particular, students are required to give full play to their main role, mobilize their enthusiasm and initiative, promote their heartfelt acceptance, and participate consciously, voluntarily and independently. At the same time, career planning education is a continuous and systematic activity, and it is difficult to achieve the expected results only by relying on school education, family education and social forces. In the process of its implementation, we should establish a systematic view, take the school as the core, integrate the forces of schools, families and society, and make concerted efforts with Qi Xin to ensure the effective development of career planning education.
(B) to strengthen the construction of students' career planning courses
Curriculum construction is the basis of career planning for students majoring in labor and social security. As the theory of career planning is a newly introduced theory, neither teachers nor students are familiar with it. Only by strengthening the curriculum construction of career planning theory can we do other related work well, which is the only way to popularize career planning knowledge and theory. The course of career planning should start with freshmen majoring in labor and social security, and be implemented in different grades from different emphases, so as to deepen freshmen's awareness of career planning and urge them to do their own career planning consciously. Combined with the major of labor and social security, students should be prompted to think about their life and career at a new height and understand what problems they will encounter in the future employment process, as well as the talent quality, knowledge structure and ability structure needed by employers. At the same time, combined with classroom teaching, make full use of all aspects of the school resources, such as teaching practice, social practice in winter and summer vacations, visit and study. And combine teaching, lectures and activities to form a three-dimensional professional network; Invite experienced entrepreneurs, experts and scholars to associate with college students, so that students can go deep into society, experience various occupations in society and have a more comprehensive and objective understanding of the external environment.
(3) Strengthen the construction of students' career planning consultation.
Career planning has the characteristics of personalization, which will be different because of each individual's specific situation and the conditions that can be relied on. Curriculum construction can only play the role of popularizing the knowledge theory of students majoring in labor and social security, and needs personalized consultation and guidance when it comes to personal life orientation and career path selection. Therefore, it is imperative to strengthen the construction of career planning consultation. At the same time, due to the lack of social experience, college students only have a vague perceptual knowledge of the future professional world, and their understanding of career planning is inevitably insufficient. Only by strengthening individual-oriented personalized counseling can we meet the needs of students. Career counseling can be located in employment guidance centers, mental health education centers and colleges according to the specific conditions of the school, and experienced professional consultants can do this work. For some common and * * * problems, in addition to individual consultation, group consultation can also be conducted.
(D) Strengthen the evaluation of students' career planning.
? Confidante? Refers to self-awareness. Confidante? It is the premise of career planning. Only by establishing a realistic self-concept can we do a good job in life orientation and choose a development path that suits us. However, self-cognition is a very complicated problem. Individuals will have some perceptual and empirical self-observation about their abilities, interests and personalities during their growth, but this self-cognition is often subjective. Therefore, it must also rely on the research results of psychometrics to evaluate its own ability, interest and personality through scientific means, so as to establish a more scientific and objective self-concept. The evaluation construction mainly includes five aspects: teachers' professional diagnosis (including self-evaluation and environmental evaluation), career goal setting, career route selection, implementation, evaluation and feedback. It not only gives the evaluation object a scientific, objective and fair evaluation and explanation, but also gives the evaluation object a complete and scientific self-cognition, helps students to clarify their doubts, and helps students to clarify their development direction in combination with their actual situation and external environment.
References:
Liu Xiaojun. On College Students' Career Planning and Life Development [J]. Higher Education Forum, 2005, (3).
[2] Adam Wei, Cheng Chunsheng. On college students' career planning [J]. Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University: Social Science Edition, 2003, (5).
[3] Ding Dezhi. Career planning for college students [J]. Science and Technology Entrepreneurship Monthly, 2006, (7).
[4] Li Bingkuan, Liu. On the Construction of College Students' Career Planning System [J]. China Higher Education Research, 2005, (1)
Labor and Social Security Law Part II: Cultivation of Labor and Social Security Specialty Characteristics in Law Colleges Abstract: Starting from the theoretical basis of establishing labor and social security specialty with legal characteristics, taking northwest university of politics and law as an example, this paper puts forward that law colleges should establish labor and social security specialty with legal characteristics on their own, and designs the professional curriculum structure.
Keywords: labor and social security; Training objectives; curriculum design
Labor and social security major (hereinafter referred to as? Labor insurance major? ) is a new specialty in the newly revised undergraduate specialty catalogue of ordinary colleges and universities by the Ministry of Education, from 65438 to 0998. Although this major was established late, it has developed rapidly. Up to now, there are more than 1 10 colleges and universities in China offering labor insurance majors. Among them, more than 30 universities have master's degrees, and nearly 10 universities have doctoral degrees, initially forming a relatively complete discipline system and talent training echelon.
Northwest university of politics and law is an advanced law school funded by the central and local governments and headed by the Shaanxi Provincial People's Government. It is an important base for training legal talents in China and the center of legal research in northwest China. The school applied for the major of labor insurance in September 2000, and was approved by the Ministry of Education in June 65438+ 10 of the same year. In September 2006, it officially enrolled students. The establishment of labor insurance specialty in law school is a typical representative. Compared with other universities, law school does not have the advantages of economics and sociology in terms of teacher background, scientific research background and specialty setting, but it has strong strength in legal education and legal research. Whether the labor insurance major in law colleges can cope with the fierce market competition and truly meet the market demand depends largely on its own school-running characteristics.
First, the theoretical basis of building a labor and social security major with legal characteristics
This paper holds that the major of labor insurance in law schools should be oriented to the legal characteristics, which is based on the academic advantages and experience of the school, as well as the vigorous development of social security and the shortage of social security legal talents.
(A) to create a labor and social security major with legal characteristics is the need of China's social security legal system construction.
Judging from the development of China's social security legislation, China's social security legal system construction is still quite backward, and there are obvious shortcomings: first, the social security legislation is backward, especially the basic legislation is insufficient, lacking in systematicness, and has not formed its due legal system; Secondly, the legislative level of social security is low, and the operation of social security system mainly depends on administrative means, and a large number of notices, regulations and replies are issued. , the implementation of regulation and management; Thirdly, the social security legislation is not unified and coordinated, which weakens the stability and authority of the law. At the same time, the traditional legal mechanism of social security has a strong color of planned economy in terms of legislative principles, content structure and scope of protection, which is far from the adaptability of market economy to social security requirements. Therefore, it is the main direction and development trend of China's social security construction to establish a social security legal system [1] suitable for the market economy. Building a labor insurance major with legal characteristics and cultivating legal talents with outstanding professional ability are the fundamental conditions for ensuring the legal construction of social security in China.
(B) The establishment of labor and social security majors with legal characteristics is the guarantee for the smooth operation of China's social security system.
The smooth operation of social security system requires not only a large number of high-quality legislative talents, but also a large number of high-quality judicial talents. The ancients said that laws alone are not enough. That is to say, no matter how well the law is formulated, if there is no strict and fair law enforcement, the system will still not function normally. The traditional concept in our country thinks that only the legislative process of social security needs legal workers, but ignores the importance of legal workers in the judicial process. It is precisely because of the lack and absence of judicial participation in social security that the system operation is unfair and anomie [2]. Therefore, the state must strengthen the training of social security legal talents to ensure the demand for a large number of judicial talents in the implementation of the system. Only in this way can we strengthen the legal guidance to the grass-roots staff of social security and solve the difficult problems in the implementation of legal provisions in time; Only in this way can we help the social security beneficiaries with different education levels to interpret the legal provisions, safeguard their legitimate rights and interests and eliminate their distrust of the system.
(3) The establishment of the major of labor and social security with legal characteristics is the embodiment of the discipline advantages and teaching experience of law schools.
Law school has an overall environment and advantages different from other schools. Teachers' professional background, scientific research background, school's professional setting and academic atmosphere are all dominated by law, which is a strong major in this kind of colleges and universities. In this environment and background, the labor insurance major should rely on the overall advantages of the school, make full use of the superior resources of the school, and highlight the legal characteristics of the major. In addition, the law school has rich experience and methods of legal education, thus ensuring the quality of training social security legal talents.
Two, the law school of labor and social security professional training objectives
Setting the training goal of professional talents should not only be oriented to social needs and employment, but also pay attention to tapping the advantages of the specialty itself. According to the above analysis, we believe that the overall training goal of labor insurance specialty in law colleges should be: to meet the needs of the development of socialist market economy, to develop morally, intellectually and physically in an all-round way, to have a solid foundation, to have a wide range of knowledge, to be familiar with the theories and practices of labor and social security at home and abroad, to master modern management techniques and methods, and to have strong social adaptability and innovative consciousness. Senior professionals who can engage in labor and social security practice and legal work in government departments at all levels, policy research departments, large and medium-sized enterprises and institutions, social organizations, community service departments, labor arbitration institutions, judicial departments, law firms, etc.
To achieve this goal, we need to pay attention to the following issues:
(A) to build a multi-level development platform, to meet the professional study at the same time, to enhance students' ability to choose a job.
First of all, it must conform to the law major. Although the social security relationship should be adjusted and regulated by an independent legal department, it is closely related to labor law, administrative law and economic law. In order to familiarize students with Chinese and foreign social security laws and skillfully solve the coordination problem between social security law and other legal departments, we should strengthen the study of other legal courses while offering the course of labor and social security law. On the one hand, it embodies the superior resources of law school and highlights the legal characteristics of the profession. On the other hand, it can meet the needs of students' professional study and improve their career choice ability.
Secondly, we should be in line with the economics major. Social security is an institutional arrangement to achieve specific social and political goals through economic means, and it can also be regarded as an economic activity. This internal relationship determines the importance of economic discipline to social security specialty.
Thirdly, it is necessary to integrate with the public management major. The resources allocated by social security often come from the government's public finance. In this sense, social security as the research object of public management has sufficient reasons.
(2) Establish training bases inside and outside the school, attach importance to professional practice, and improve students' professional ability.
Labor insurance major belongs to applied social science. Practice teaching plays an extremely important role in the whole teaching activities. In order to guide students to integrate theory with practice and cultivate their innovative spirit and comprehensive quality, firstly, we should strengthen on-campus training, and let students participate in labor dispute handling and insurance mock trial by establishing a well-equipped and standardized social security service simulation hall, so as to master basic social insurance operation skills and court procedures; The second is to cooperate with employers to run schools and establish a relatively stable off-campus practice base. Arrange students to work in labor and social security related posts in batches to improve their professional ability.
(three) to adapt to market demand, adjust the professional direction in a timely manner, and cultivate professionals who truly meet the market demand.
Talent cultivation must be consistent with market demand. Under the market economy system, market demand is not only the driving force for career development, but also the condition for career survival. A major without market is a waste of social resources [3]. Therefore, the training direction of labor and social security specialty should not only come from market demand, but also be adjusted in time on the basis of dynamically considering students' employment destination and market demand intention.
Thirdly, the curriculum structure and system of labor and social security major in law school.
(A) curriculum principles
1. Solid foundation. With what? Will it be enough? Based on this principle, we should build a platform for public basic courses and subject basic courses in universities. Avoid? Strong foundation? Caused it? Narrow caliber? And then what? Wide caliber? Did you bring it? Weak foundation? .
2. Strong professionalism. Guided by the needs of post groups, strengthen the study of professional basic courses and professional courses, and highlight the characteristics of professional law. Avoid? Homogenization? Vicious competition caused by cultivation.
3. reapply. Based on professional ability, we attach importance to the cultivation of students' practical ability and business operation skills, so that students can keenly find existing problems and potential problems, and skillfully use professional knowledge and skills to solve practical problems.
(B) the curriculum structure system
According to the above principles, the curriculum system of labor insurance specialty in law colleges should be divided into theoretical curriculum group and practical curriculum group.
1. Theory course group. It consists of basic courses, specialized courses, special courses and elective courses: 1) Basic courses. Including public basic courses and professional basic courses. The basic course of public education aims to ensure the cultivation of students' physical and mental quality and ideological quality, and guide students to establish a correct outlook on life and world. Besides talking? Two classes? Besides the related public courses represented by * * *, what should be added? Introduction to labor and social security? Help students understand and know their major, and adapt to the learning methods of universities and the characteristics of specialized courses as soon as possible; Professional basic courses are set as the prerequisite courses for professional courses according to the requirements of professional courses in related disciplines. At present, our school has set up the basic courses of management principles, administrative principles, western economics and other majors, and also set up the course of legal principles, so that students can master the general theory and basic knowledge of law, understand the development trend and ideological trend of modern legal research, and lay a good foundation for the study of characteristic majors. 2) specialized courses. According to the basic theory, basic knowledge and basic skills required for the major of labor and social security. Including labor economics, labor relations, social security theory, social security fund management, international comparison of social security, social insurance, social welfare and relief. 3) Special courses. It is chosen by colleges and universities according to their own professional characteristics. The major of labor insurance in law colleges is located in the characteristics of law. In view of this, in addition to the course of labor and social security law, other courses closely related to it should be added. On the one hand, it highlights professional characteristics, and at the same time enables students to skillfully solve the coordination problem between social security law and other relevant legal departments; On the other hand, avoid the separation of legal profession and legal education; Third, ensure the training quality of characteristic majors and avoid taking classes in the classroom? Choose not to fix it? 、? Nominal elective course? Phenomenon. 4) Elective courses. It aims to broaden students' knowledge and give full play to their personality potential. In order to overcome the phenomena of blindly setting courses, wasting resources and learning nothing, our school divides the elective courses of this major into two sections: quality improvement and professional extension, and offers courses such as secretarial science (official document writing), e-government, social investigation and statistics, insurance, risk management, community management, comparative labor law, contract law and civil procedure law, which better meet the individualized needs of students and the diversified needs of society.
2. Practice course group. The practical course of labor insurance specialty in law colleges should be composed of three links: course experiment, simulation practice and base practice, which are step by step, from shallow to deep, closely related and complementary. 1) course experiment. Taking specialized basic courses, direction courses and characteristic courses as the objects, the methods of case analysis, special discussion and field investigation are adopted to stimulate students' interest in professional learning and cultivate their initial ability of finding, analyzing and solving problems. 2) Simulation training. First, through the campus social security service simulation hall, the simulation training of various social insurance businesses is held, so that students can experience and master the specific management process of social security in the simulation environment; Secondly, by making use of the superior resources in the school, we regularly hold mock court hearings on labor disputes and insurance, so that students can flexibly and accurately apply their professional knowledge to the on-site simulation of court trials, and realize the unity of legal specialty and legal education. 3) Basic exercises. Students will be arranged to practice in the pre-established off-campus practice base in batches and in different periods. Through internship, on the one hand, school education is closely related to social application, which enhances the motivation and vitality of professional construction; On the other hand, improve students' ability to solve practical problems independently by comprehensively using professional knowledge and shorten the adaptation period after entering the society.
References:
[1] Qi Haipeng. Social security [M]. Shenyang: Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, 20 10:98-99.
[2] Bai. China social security management personnel demand analysis [J]. Labor and Social Security World, 20 10, (5):32-34.
[3] Zhao, Ma Peisheng. Research on some problems in the construction of labor and social security specialty [J]. Journal of Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, 2000, (4):45-47.
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