Analysis is to divide the research object into various parts, aspects, levels, stages and factors, and investigate them separately. For example, when we look at a painting, we have only a superficial overall impression at first. In order to have a deeper understanding, we need to observe carefully one by one, and we also need to think and taste carefully from the aspects of color, composition, conception and theme, which is also called "analysis". Obviously, there is such a process that we can only have a superficial impression of this painting at first; After analysis, we may have a deeper understanding of this painting. Things are complicated. There are many things in the world that are much more complicated than a painting. Without the method of "analysis", we can only form some superficial and chaotic understanding of things. According to the needs of practice, people can analyze things from different angles. In thesis writing, the commonly used analytical methods include conceptual analysis, characteristic analysis, quantitative analysis, causal analysis, comparative analysis and so on.
2. Which logical thinking methods are a whole? It consists of a series of methods that are both different and related, including induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, from concrete to abstract and from abstract to concrete, and the method of integrating logic and history.
Logical thinking method is not only a method of content arrangement and logical argumentation in paper writing, but also a method of scientific research. 1. Methods of induction and deduction.
Induction is a way of thinking from individual to general, that is, to draw a general conclusion from several individual cases, or to prove an argument or topic with several individual judgments. In order to find the general essence or law of things from factual materials, induction should be used.
It is a logical method that we often use when writing papers. For example, when we sum up the experience and lessons of China's economic construction, we can see that in the middle and early 1950s, we paid attention to doing things according to economic laws and the economy developed steadily. In the early 1960 s, attention was paid to doing things according to economic laws, and the economy recovered and developed rapidly; Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, we have adopted a series of policies and measures in line with the actual situation, and the economy has begun to resume healthy development.
It can be concluded that China's economy can only develop if we act according to economic laws. Contrary to induction, deduction is a way of thinking from general to individual, that is, using known general principles as arguments to prove an individual argument.
For example, we use this method to guide the investigation and study with theory, and even use a sentence from a classic writer to demonstrate a point of view. 2. Analytical and comprehensive methods.
Analysis is a way of thinking that decomposes things into various attributes, parts and aspects, and studies and expresses them respectively. Synthesis is a way of thinking that combines the attributes, parts and aspects of decomposition to study and express.
In the process of graduation thesis writing, analytical and comprehensive methods are often used to study and express arguments and arguments. For example, Comrade * * *'s analysis of China's social class.
Ask questions from the beginning. The first problem of revolution is to distinguish the enemy, oneself and friends. In the middle, analyze each stratum that constitutes the whole society of China one by one; Finally, we should combine the above points to solve the problem and answer the questions raised at the beginning about the friend or foe and China's revolutionary friends. 3. Methods from concrete to abstract and from abstract to concrete.
From concrete to abstract, it is a way of thinking to form abstract concepts and categories from the concrete appearances of social and economic phenomena through analysis and research. From abstract to concrete, it is a way of thinking that reproduces the overall social and economic relations theoretically and concretely according to the order from abstract category to concrete category.
In the process of writing graduation thesis, generally speaking, we should also use the methods from concrete to abstract and from abstract to concrete, that is, on the basis of possessing information, we can find out the arguments through analysis and research, roughly form the system of the thesis in our minds, and then write the thesis part by part in the order from abstract to concrete. Of course, some papers do not necessarily adopt this method.
4. The method of integrating logic and history. Logical method is a method from abstraction to concreteness.
The so-called historical method is a method expressed according to the historical process of the development of things. The development process of logic is the theoretical expression of the historical development process.
However, it is rare for a paper to use logic and history as a whole, but this method is often used as a whole in economic monographs and textbooks. It should be pointed out that all the above logical methods are concrete manifestations of materialist dialectics in the process of thinking.
In the process of writing graduation thesis, it is often necessary to use it comprehensively. The logic of graduation thesis 1. Thesis and logic, like a graduation thesis and other articles, should be the unity of content and form.
Content refers to theme and material, while form refers to logical structure and language expression. The content of the paper certainly plays a decisive role, but the form of the paper is not passive, in fact, it plays an important role.
We know that if people want to think, they must use concepts, judgments, reasoning and other forms of thinking. These thinking forms are not only the means used by human beings to reflect objective reality, but also the basic materials for constructing papers.
Only by mastering these thinking forms and their related logical requirements can we write a graduation thesis with logical color. Therefore, in the process of graduation thesis writing, we should abide by the basic laws of logic and consciously put these basic laws into all aspects of writing and the whole thesis. Specifically, we should pay attention to the following questions: first, whether the content of the paper conforms to the objective reality and whether it is convincing.
Second, the concept is clear, the judgment is appropriate and the reasoning is coherent. Third, the content of the paper is closely related, and the whole paper forms a unified whole.
Judging from the actual situation of college students, because they have relatively solid professional basic knowledge, they can use professional basic knowledge to analyze and solve practical problems, and have specially studied formal logic and basically mastered the knowledge of logic. Therefore, we focus on the close relationship between the contents of the paper and the logical problems such as forming a unified whole. In the logic of graduation thesis, the logical connection between the contents of the thesis occupies an important position.
It is not only the concrete expression of the logical connection of the author's thinking, but also the concrete expression of the logical connection of objective things discussed by the author. It plays an important role in enhancing the logical effect and persuasiveness of the article.
Second, the logical structure between the contents of the paper. The logical connection between papers, that is, the whole of things and events reflected in the papers and the way of connection between their parts, is basically manifested as vertical logical connection and horizontal logical connection, which are always intertwined. They are manifested in the logical structure of the paper: vertical structure, horizontal structure and combined structure. 1. Vertical structure.
The so-called vertical logical connection refers to the logical order between the general argument, the sub-argument and the minor argument, and the logical order between the sub-argument and the minor argument. The vertical logical connection between the contents of the paper is reflected in the vertical structure of the paper and the vertical development of the ideological system of the paper.
Comrade * * * pointed out: "Writing articles should be logical. Is to pay attention to the whole article, the structure of the whole speech, the beginning, and.
3. The logical thinking method is simple. First, improve your memory method. Only by improving memory can we better improve our ability in other aspects.
The method of improving memory is not difficult, but it takes more time to study.
First of all, make sure your IQ is not very low. The next step is to change the way you remember. For example, using image memory method and understanding memory method combined with rote memorization also depends on image and understanding memory method. The role of rote learning is to improve your vocabulary, such as the use of various professional words, and to ensure the uniqueness and efficiency of your language when communicating with people in the same field.
Only when your vocabulary reaches a certain level and basically covers your field, the next step is to improve your logical thinking ability. The improvement of logical thinking ability and memory go hand in hand. You have to ask yourself 10 questions every day. These questions can be used in books or in real life. And try to answer these questions and translate the answers to these questions into pictures in your mind. These pictures one after another are like your logical thinking, then you can do it next.
The ability to analyze problems is linked to your professional level, and the improvement of this ability requires you to spend more time and energy.
First, we should cultivate the ability to read articles intensively and quickly, as well as the ability to learn subjects and textbooks, so that we can quickly summarize the main points and difficulties of the articles we read. In other words, by quickly extracting and identifying effective information, we can conclude, reason and judge, so as to deepen our understanding of the articles and topics we read. Through this kind of training, we can not only improve our learning ability, but also help us to see and solve problems, improve our inductive reasoning ability, and quickly find out the key points and difficulties of problems. After a period of intentional training, you will find that your ability to judge things right and wrong has been greatly improved. Actually, this is your logical thinking ability.
Secondly, because what happens in our daily work and study has its continuous characteristics, we need to strengthen our causal association ability. From the psychological point of view, some connections are always the basis of memory activities, and many common understandings in life are obtained through this process of accumulation, induction and reasoning. In other words, whenever we need to understand and solve something, we should carefully analyze its causal relationship. Time and time again, you will find that your problem-solving ability has been greatly improved.
When you have the above basic abilities, can you say that your logical thinking ability has not improved? Then when studying theoretical articles, I will be more confident in judging and solving problems in my daily work and life.
I hope I can help you.
4. Give an example to illustrate logical thinking. Let me explain it to you with my own knowledge.
Logical thinking always needs two processes: discrimination and reasoning.
Discrimination comes first, reasoning comes last. This is the most important in logical thinking.
Just like walking, you must keep your feet on the ground before taking the first step. Your teaching feet can't be empty, only make sure before you leave.
Only when you have the ground under your feet can you take the first step. How can I get there with my feet empty? No matter how far you go, you can't go out. Yes, stepping is reasoning. You must distinguish whether you are down-to-earth or not before stepping.
Nowadays, many people subconsciously forget to see if there is a road under their feet when thinking about problems, which leads these people to talk nonsense as soon as they step on the air. Although sometimes what they say seems justified, they don't even have a starting point. Obviously, the bamboo basket draws water with a sieve.
It is easy to associate the word logic with the word continuity. That's true. You choose your starting point and make sure you are on the ground (200% correct information you know). In this way, you can take the first step As I said, stepping is reasoning, and the premise of reasoning is that you have completely correct information (sometimes you can assume that a certain information is correct, go down, and go back if it is wrong). This is a skill, only used when you can't decide which way to go. Let's infer the right information from the right information and then set foot on the second field. By analogy, we get a continuous route.
Obtaining more correct information from limited correct information is the purpose of our reasoning and the core idea of logical reasoning. 《
Now let me give a simple example to explain what I said above.
Before that, I'd like to talk about the questions given on the first floor. Obviously, this is a question of skill, not logic.
My thinking of solving the problem: First, suppose that the question is correct, there are no typos, or there are hidden logical errors in it. So you can go down. We know that the message given by this question is: there are twelve balls (there is a noun here, and few people usually think about this word. Here, we only say it is a ball, but we don't say its size, material and color. .. this vague definition may lead to multiple answers, but it is only possible. Then why do you talk like a book? Obviously, this can improve your logical thinking ability and insight. One ball has a different mass from the others, and there is an uncalibrated scale. Then let's find this ball. Obviously, we can't get the answer to this question by reasoning, and we can only guess the skills and methods to solve the problem out of thin air. So this is not a logical question.
I'll give you a simple logic problem. Remember that sometimes large and complex nouns with unclear definitions will have multiple solutions. At this time, you should believe in yourself. The so-called standard answer is only relatively reasonable in multiple schemes.
Xiaoyi, Xiaoli and Xiaorong all reported to the student union of our school, and each of them said a word in the end.
Xiaoyi said, "All three of us have been chosen";
Xiaoli said: "I lost the election";
Xiaorong said: "Someone lost the election";
Only one person told the truth, please tell me the following options must be correct ()
A Xiao Yi, Xiao Li and Xiao Rong were all selected.
B.xiaoli was not selected.
C Xiao Rong and Xiao Yi were not selected.
D. Xiaoli was chosen
First of all, it is an old rule to assume that the topic is correct. This kind of topic belongs to the true and false type, so let's assume it.
The sentence "all three of us were elected" is correct, then "I lost the election" is incorrect, which means "I was elected"
"Some people lost the election" is incorrect, which means "no one lost the election" and "all were elected". Obviously, assuming this,
There is no logical conflict among the three,
The obvious answer is A. Xiaoyi, Xiaoli and Xiaorong have all been selected.
All the answers without logical errors are correct, of course, sometimes a relatively reasonable answer has to be drawn according to the actual situation.
Answer finished, thank you ~
5. How to explain Luo Ji's logical thinking to 1 1 year-old son is to broaden the flexibility of his brain thinking and his attitude towards things and people. Discover the multifaceted nature of things. I suggest that he read more logical stories and give you a website.
These are simple logical stories, but they are of great help to develop thinking.
You must not let your child see a story with complicated logic, which will make your child rebellious and go to extremes. Strong suspicion. It's hard to say much about education. Let me give you an example:
A group of athletes want to cross the river from the left bank to the right bank. Because the wooden bridge was destroyed, they could only reach their destination with a small ferry and two children. But the ferry is very small, either passing one athlete or two children at a time (one athlete and two children can't cross the river at the same time). Excuse me, how should we arrange to cross the river so that all athletes can cross it?
"Find the problem first? Because the ferry is very small, only one athlete can pass at a time, so no matter how many athletes there are in this team, they have to cross the river one by one, which means that as long as we try to pass one athlete, let the boat return to the left bank and repeat the above process, the athletes of the whole team can cross the river.
But how can we get them all there?
The answer. " .。 First, two children rowed to the right bank at the same time. One went ashore, the other rowed the boat back to the left bank, and then the athletes rowed to the right bank. At this time, the athletes went ashore, and the children who had been on the right bank rowed the boat back to the left bank. By repeating the above process, all the athletes in the team can cross the river.
Thank you for your adoption.
6. How to enhance the logic of writing Hello?
1. Read more articles with clear organization and logical reasoning.
2. Again, don't get excited when you speak, lower your voice first, and then speak slowly.
3. Read more information related to pronunciation.
You can write down what you want to say first and try to be as accurate as possible.
5. Always review what you have said, sum up your weaknesses and shortcomings, and learn from them.
6. Find a person with strong debating ability and often debate and discuss some viewpoints and topics.
Write articles, practice logical thinking ability, think more, follow logical thinking slowly, and speak more orderly, so as not to be confused.
First of all, it needs long-term practice. You can start by reading aloud. Reading materials can be newspapers or novels, from short to long, requiring fluency and naturalness. After practicing for a period of time, you can find some classic essays to practice expressing natural feelings.
In reading, you can find some debate words, starting with reading aloud and reading aloud.
Pay attention to what you usually say and have a good sense of expression.
Take your time.
Clues are the route that runs through the whole article and the development of thoughts and feelings. This kind of plot clue and emotional clue, like a chain, invisibly draws all the characters, events and scenery in the article, forming a rigorous artistic whole.
The arrangement of clues
① Take arts and sciences as clues; ② Take characters as clues.
Satisfied, please adopt.