Dai Wangshu (1905— 1950), a native of Hangzhou County, Zhejiang Province. Modern poet. Born in a staff family. When I was studying in Hangzhou Wenzhong Middle School, I loved literature. Du Heng and Shi Zhecun and I studied the art of poetry and ran literary publications together. 1923 entered the China Literature Department of Shanghai University, 1925 entered Shanghai Aurora University to study French, and studied law at school the following year. At this time, Dai Wangshu was close to French symbolist poetry in his literary hobby, such as the works of Wei Erlun and others, which had a great influence on his future poetry creation. /kloc-in the spring of 0/926, he began to publish poems in Lu Lu badminton magazine co-edited with Shi Zhecun. He joined the Chinese Communist Youth League during the first revolutionary civil war and was arrested by the French Concession authorities for participating in revolutionary propaganda work. After the "April 12th" counter-revolutionary coup, he left Shanghai and went to Songjiang, Jiangsu. Later, he went to Beijing, met Li and others, and published his poems in Mangyuan. 1928 returned to Shanghai, and then devoted himself to literary creation and compilation, which created an important milestone in his poetry creation. My memory, poetry anthology, published in 1929. When the proletarian revolutionary literature movement rose, it translated and introduced Soviet works and papers. Among them, Historical Materialism Literary Theory is one of the series of scientific literary theory edited by Lu Xun and Feng Xuefeng. The Chinese Left-wing Writers' Union was a member when it was founded in March 1930. But later, his views on some literary and artistic issues were different from those of left-wing writers. Modern was founded in 1932, where he published many works and translations. In June of the same year 165438+ 10, he went to France, studied in Paris University and China-France University in Lyon, and continued to engage in translation activities. At this time, Wang Shucao's poems (including some poems in my memory and new works published since then, with Poems on Zero Zagreb) were edited and published in August 1933. He went to Spain on 1934 and returned from France on 1935. 1937, 1 published poetry anthology in June. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he continued to translate in the "isolated island" in Shanghai, and then went to Hong Kong on May 1938. Together with Xu Dishan and others, he organized the Hong Kong branch of the All-China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, served as a director, and then gave lectures at a literary workshop organized by the Federation of Literary and Art Circles. During his stay in Hongkong, he edited Constellation, a supplement to Sing Tao Daily, and China Writers, an English publication. When the Pacific War broke out, Hong Kong was occupied by the Japanese. Before his retreat, he was arrested on charges of anti-Japanese and imprisoned for several months, which greatly damaged his health. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, his poems and songs were included in Disaster Years (1948). After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he returned to Shanghai and taught at Shanghai Normal University, engaged in translation and research. 1948 was wanted by the Kuomintang government for participating in the pro-democracy movement and went to Hong Kong again. From 65438 to 0949, he arrived in Beiping to attend the first congress of China writers and artists. After People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded, he worked in the International Information Bureau of the General Administration of Press. 1950 died of illness on February 8th. Known as "a talented lyric poet determined to serve the people" (Hu Qiaomu's Mourning Shu, People's Daily, March 1950). Dai Wangshu's creative development can be divided into three stages. The first stage of creation is mainly collected in my memory, Old Sharp, Rain Lane and other collections. At this time, the poetry kept traces of China's classical poetry tradition and European romantic poetry in art, and was obviously influenced by the French symbolist poet Wei Erlun. Rain Lane is a masterpiece of this period. Its poems not only express Jiang Nanyu's feelings in the middle lane, but also reflect the depression of some young people after the failure of the Great Revolution, which has attracted people's attention. When published in Novel Monthly, Ye Shengtao praised the author for "opening up a new era for the syllables of new poetry" and thus won the title of "Poet in Rain Lane". The second stage of creation includes the first few songs of My Memory, Wang Cao Shu Quan and Disaster Years. At this time, he was more influenced by the late French symbolist poets Meyer and Paul Foer, and established his own views on the art of poetry through his own creative practice. Zero Zagreb Poems reflects his understanding of poetry at this time. If we think that "poetry can't rely on music, it should lose the elements of music", that is, it is different from his early creation, different from Welland, and close to the concept of symbolic poets in the later period; Another example is the treatment of rhythm and form. He opposes "cutting feet to fit shoes" or "choosing shoes", but advocates "making shoes that suit your feet best", that is, emphasizing originality. In a word, there are a lot of poems in this stage, and they are mature in art, which is the most representative in his creation, making him the representative of "modernism" in the development of China's new poetry (referring to some poets who are mainly based on "Modern" and form similar artistic tendencies). China's symbolism poetry creation, which appeared earlier, has gone from mystery to being understood or appreciated, and has made great achievements. However, the life content, thoughts and feelings expressed in these two stages of poetry still have obvious limitations. Some critics, including his friends, pointed out the negative, narrow-minded, disillusioned and intoxicated factors in his works. This not only reflects the personal misfortune, wandering and melancholy of some smart young people in society at that time, but also shows the influence of French symbolism poetry. The third stage of creation refers to most of the collections "The Years of Disaster". Since the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, his poems have undergone positive and clear changes in life, artistic conception and artistic style. The poem "New Year's Day Blessing" from 65438 to 0939 blessed the motherland and people and longed for freedom and liberation. On the wall in 194 1 prison and later, I used my broken palm to show my loyalty to the nation and individuals and my deep affection for the liberated areas of the motherland. The last poem I have seen now, Occasionally Cheng, has placed a good hope on life, calling for "the spring of life is coming again" and "blooming like a flower again". The development of these three creative stages reflects the true and hard life track of an upright and highly educated intellectual. As an accomplished poet, Dai Wangshu has a vast field of literary and artistic practice. Not only write poetry, but also write essays, papers and so on. The scope of research and discussion includes not only a large number of foreign literature, but also China's classical novels and operas. At the same time, we have done a lot of translation and introduction of foreign literature.