Literary Aesthetics is an original new discipline put forward by China scholars in 1970s and 1980s. From 65438 to 0976, Wang Menou, a scholar from Taiwan Province Province, published Aesthetics of Literature and Art, and the name alone was a pioneering work. From 65438 to 0980, Hu Jingzhi, a mainland scholar, proposed the establishment of the discipline of literary aesthetics, and made a preliminary definition of the object, nature and methods of literary aesthetics in his later works. In the past 20 years, mainland scholars have published nearly 20 literary and aesthetic works and nearly 100 papers. As a new discipline, literary aesthetics has basically taken shape in academic circles, although there are still disputes. The disciplinary position of literary aesthetics has been determined.

Aesthetic activities and literature and art are constantly developing and changing, and aesthetics and art can have new ways, forms and forms with endless changes. However, I firmly believe that aesthetics will not die and art will not die. Therefore, the grasp and thinking of aesthetics and art will not disappear, but literature and art, aesthetics and literary aesthetics will also exist and develop and change with the continuous development of social reality, aesthetic activities and literature and art.

Keywords: literary aesthetic characteristics, a new discipline of literary aesthetics

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Literary Aesthetics is an original new discipline proposed and named by China scholars in 1970s and 1980s, and scholars on both sides of the Taiwan Straits have made great efforts to this end.

1976, Wang Menou, a scholar from Taiwan Province Province, published a book that was not very long, called Literary Aesthetics [1]. This is the first book I know that uses the term "literary aesthetics", and it is a groundbreaking work. This book consists of two eleven chapters. The first chapter discusses the historical development of western literary aesthetics from ancient Greece to the 20th century, and the second chapter discusses several basic theoretical problems of literary aesthetics. In this book, although the author did not elaborate on the object, nature, content, category and method of "literary aesthetics" as a discipline, it seems that the use of this title and terminology does not seem to be deliberately establishing any new discipline, and perhaps the consciousness of the new discipline has not been established at that time; However, the author clearly realizes and attaches great importance to the internal relationship between literature and aesthetics. In the first chapter of the next chapter, "Understanding of Beauty", he quoted a passage of Warwick and Warren in "On Literature" and said: "If we look at it according to this definition, the so-called literature is just a writing system or a writing component that serves a specific' aesthetic purpose'. It is different from other arts because it uses different symbols, but it is one of the works of art because it serves aesthetic purposes. Therefore, as far as the artistic characteristics of literature are concerned, it is this aesthetic purpose that is important. On the contrary, anything that does not have this aesthetic purpose or is not suitable for this aesthetic purpose, even if it has a writing system or composition, cannot be counted as art and literature after all. " [2] Pay attention to the "aesthetic purpose" of literature and art, consider it "important" and consider it "the artistic feature of literature", otherwise "literature that cannot be regarded as art"; And take the aesthetic characteristics of literature and art as an important observation angle and research content. This is one of the important characteristics of literary aesthetics as a specific discipline, which was also strongly emphasized by literary aesthetics advocates later.

A few years later, as a new discipline, "literary aesthetics" was consciously put forward by mainland scholars and actively and effectively constructed. First, Hu Jingzhi, a scholar of Beijing School, proposed to set up a course of literary aesthetics in the department of literature and art in colleges and universities at the China Aesthetics Society in the spring of 1980, and expounded this topic in the article "Literary Aesthetics and Others" of 1982: "Literary Aesthetics is the product of the combination of literary aesthetics and aesthetics", "Aesthetics about literature" and "The in-depth development of literary aesthetics and aesthetics" are deeply involved by many scholars. Or write an article or have a meeting, express your own opinions, and think about whether literary aesthetics can be established as a new discipline, how to locate it, and its object, nature, content, category and methods. [4] What is more noteworthy is that over the years, a group of scholars have a special liking for literary aesthetics, devoted themselves to long-term research and persistent writings, and published a number of works with or without the "literary aesthetics" logo, which are actually literary aesthetics; Founded the magazine of literary aesthetics; Edited and published a series of Literary Aesthetics; In addition, a number of monographs and series of departmental art aesthetics and classical literature aesthetics have been published. [5] Many universities offer literary aesthetics courses to train graduate students in literary aesthetics. [6] Some universities have established specialized research institutions for literary aesthetics. [7] In short, academic colleagues have made great efforts in discipline construction and made achievements. In my opinion, if it is 27 years since 1976, when Wang Menggou published Literary Aesthetics, or 23 years since 1980, when Hu Jingzhi consciously started the course Literary Aesthetics, literary aesthetics as an independent new discipline has been basically established and gradually become a climate, although there are still different views. About the construction of literary aesthetics and its landmark achievements, I have made a rough exposition in the section [8] on literary aesthetics of human ontology in the book Philosophical Thinking of Art published in 200 1, and now I will make some supplements.

Firstly, the disciplinary nature of literary aesthetics is preliminarily determined. Most scholars believe that literary aesthetics is a marginal subject between literary theory and aesthetics, and it is the product of the hybrid combination of literary theory and aesthetics. Like literature and aesthetics, it belongs to the humanities. But it is different from literature and art-it has some characteristics of literature and art, not entirely literature and art; Nor is it the same as aesthetics-it has some aesthetic characteristics and is not entirely aesthetics. It can be called literary aesthetics, and it can also be said that it is a literary science that studies literature and art aesthetically. Therefore, from the very beginning, Hu Jingzhi "called it literary aesthetics". This naming method has been recognized and used by most colleagues in the academic field for more than 20 years. It summarizes the characteristics of this new discipline from its parent body (literature and aesthetics). Relatively speaking, it is more practical to call it literary aesthetics.

Second, the determination of subject status is linked to the determination of subject nature, or the determination of subject nature also means the determination of subject status. Because literary aesthetics is between aesthetics and literature and art, it is related to both aesthetics and literature and art, so its position can be determined from aesthetics and literature and art respectively. In the aesthetic system, vertically, literary aesthetics is in the intermediary position between general aesthetics and departmental art aesthetics. Some people say: "There are both connections and differences between literary aesthetics and general aesthetics. This connection and difference is similar to the relationship between aesthetics of various departments and literary aesthetics. If we say that compared with general aesthetics, literary aesthetics is special; Then compare the aesthetics of various departments, and the literary aesthetics is general. ..... literary aesthetics takes the logical end point of general aesthetics as its logical starting point, and departmental aesthetics takes the logical end point of literary aesthetics as its logical starting point. This has formed different levels, different systems and different disciplines in the whole aesthetic science. " [9] In other words, the place where general aesthetics (general aesthetics) ends is the place where literary aesthetics begins, and the place where literary aesthetics ends is the place where departmental artistic aesthetics begins. Horizontally, literary aesthetics is a branch of aesthetics together with realistic aesthetics (life aesthetics) and technical aesthetics.