What is the format of graduation thesis? How many words do you need?

Standard format for writing graduation design instructions (papers)

Graduation design (thesis) is the last important learning link for students before graduation, and it is an important process of deepening and sublimation of learning. It is not only a comprehensive summary of students' learning, research and practice achievements, but also a comprehensive test of students' quality and ability. In order to ensure the quality of graduation design (thesis) for undergraduates majoring in automation, on the basis of the corresponding regulations of the school, the general specifications for writing graduation design instructions (thesis) of this major are formulated as follows:

First, the text requirements of the paper (design specification)

The whole paper (design specification) is generally not less than 10000 words, which requires computer printing.

Second, the paper (design specification) writing specification

1. Words and symbols

The writing of papers (design instructions) should be standardized, and Chinese characters must use standardized words published by the state. Punctuations in Chinese should be used in accordance with the Usage of Punctuations published by the Press and Publication Administration. The content of the manuscript should be complete and accurate, and the expression of relevant experimental data tables, charts and photos must be standardized. The experimental results that have been graphically represented are generally not listed. What is stated in the chart does not need to be explained in the text, and repetition should be avoided as much as possible. Each chart must have a chart serial number and a chart name.

2. Nouns and names

The scientific and technological terms adopt the standardized terms published by the National Committee for the Examination and Approval of Natural Science Terms or the names specified in national standards and ministerial standards. For terms that have not been uniformly defined or whose names are controversial, common names can be used. When using foreign abbreviations, the meanings should be indicated in brackets when they first appear. Foreigners' names are generally written in English according to the principle of first name and surname. Familiar foreign names (such as Newton, Darwin, Marx, etc. ) can be translated according to the usual standard translation methods.

3. Quantity and unit

Quantities and units must be adopted according to the national standards of People's Republic of China (PRC) and based on the International System of Units (SI). Units of non-physical quantities, such as pieces, stations, people, yuan, etc. , can be combined with Chinese characters and symbols, such as piece/station, yuan/kilometer.

4. Numbers

Arabic numerals are always used when measuring statistical data, but they are generally not used when describing small numbers, such as "three forces acting on a point" and should not be written as "three forces acting on 1 point". The approximate number of people can be chinese numerals and Arabic numerals, such as "/kloc-about 0/50" or "/kloc-about 0/50".

5. Title hierarchy

The title level should be orderly, neat and clear. Chapter numbering method should adopt hierarchical Arabic numeral numbering method. The first level is Chapter 1, Chapter 2 and Chapter 3, the second level is 2. 1, 2.2 and 2.3, and the third level is 2.2.65438+.

The title of each layer is written in a separate line. The first-level title is written in the middle; The ordinal number of the secondary title is written in the top box, followed by a blank box, and no punctuation marks are added at the end; At the third level, the ordinal number is written in the top box and the title is written in the back box. In the text, the sub-items contained in the total item are (1), (2) and (3), and the serial numbers or numbers of ①, ②, ③ … in the sub-items are put in half brackets, and no other punctuation marks are added after the brackets. Examples are as follows:

Chapter II System Implementation

2. 1 Construction of Embedded linux System

2. 1. 1 Build a cross-compilation environment

( 1)××××××

Step 6 take notes

When individual nouns or situations need to be explained, comments can be added, which can be at the end of the page (put comments at the bottom of the comments page) or at the end of the text (concentrate all comments at the end of the text).

7. Formula

Formulas must all be written in the formula editor and centered. The number of the formula is enclosed in brackets and placed at the end of the right line of the formula. There is no dotted line between the formula and the number, and it is numbered by chapter. As shown in formula (2. 10) (avoid saying "as shown in the following formula"): Formula 10 in Chapter II.

(2. 10)

8. Form

Every table should have a preface and a title. The preface and title should be written in the middle of the top of the table, and the title should be written in the blank space after the preface. The table is allowed to be written on the next page, the title of the table can be omitted, the order of the table should be written repeatedly, and "Continued Table ××" should be written on the upper right. The order of the tables is numbered by chapter. As shown in Table 2.3 (avoid saying "as shown in the following table"): Table 3 in Chapter 2.

Table 2.3 ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××

Continued table 2.3

9. Description

Illustrations must be carefully made, the line thickness should be appropriate, and the painting method should be neat and beautiful. Each illustration should have a picture order and a picture title, and be placed in the middle below the picture position. The map should be drawn with ink lines on tracing paper or white paper, or by computer. These drawings are numbered by chapter. As shown in Figure 2.7 (avoid saying "as shown in the following figure"): Chapter II Figure 7.

Figure 2.7 ××× year × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × month × day × month × month × day × month × month × month × month × month × day × month × month × month × month × month

10. Reference

All references are placed at the end of the text, and the serial numbers are enclosed in square brackets. Arabic numerals are used for natural numbering according to the order in which they appear in the text. The bidding method in the text is as follows:

××××××[ 12],……

The formats of several main reference tables are as follows:

Serial publications: [serial number] Author, title, publication name, year, volume number (issue number): page number from beginning to end.

Monograph (translation): [serial number] author. Title (translator). Place of publication: publishing house, year of publication. Page numbers range from to.

Essays: [serial number] Author, title and collection name. Meeting place: publishing house, publication year, page number from to.

Paper: [serial number] name. Thesis title: [XX Thesis]. Location of awarding unit: awarding unit, annual patent benefit: [serial number] Applicant. Patent name, country name, patent document type, patent number and publication date.

Technical standard: [serial number] Issuing unit. Technical standard code. Name of technical standard. Place of publication: publishing house, date of publication

Examples are as follows:

[1] Wang Haogang, Nie Zaiping. Singularity analysis in three-dimensional vector scattering integral equation. Journal of Electronics,1999,27 (12): 68 ~ 71.

[2] Zhu Kezhen. Physics. Beijing: Science Press, 1973.56 ~ 60.

[3] Charles P. The seismic reconstruction of the Golden Gate Bridge. Sino-American Symposium on Seismic Analysis and Design of Special Bridges, Houston: International Society of Experimental Hematology, 1974. 44~46

Chen nianyong Biological effects and anti-tumor research of millimeter-wave cells: [doctoral thesis]. Chengdu: Institute of High Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 200 1

[5] Jiang Xizhou. A preparation method of warm topical medicine. China, utility model patent, 88 1056073, 1980-07-26.

[6] State Bureau of Technical Supervision of the People's Republic of China. GB 3 100 ~ 3 102。 People's Republic of China (PRC) national standard-quantity and unit. Beijing: China Standards Publishing House,1994-11-065438.

Three, graduation thesis (computer printing) typesetting specification requirements

1. Page Settings

The paper is printed on one side of A4 paper, and the page setting adopts the default setting of word.

2. Font and font size requirements

(1) cover font and size requirements

The cover adopts the unified cover of our school:

1) Chinese topic: No.2 is bold. If the topic can't fit in one line, it can be arranged in two lines;

2) Students' names and tutors are from the Song Dynasty.

3) Colleges, majors and classes adopt Song Ti No.4;

4) Times New Rowan No.4 was adopted on the year, month and day.

(2) Font and font size requirements in the text

1) title format

Papers are generally divided into three titles: the first title includes "abstract" (abstract is in a separate format), "table of contents", chapter title, "thanks", "references" and "appendix"; Secondary titles are the secondary titles of each chapter, such as "1. 1", "1.2" and "2. 1". Three-level titles are the three-level titles of each chapter, such as "1. 1", "1. 1.2" and "2.1.". The format of titles at all levels is set as follows:

First-level title: bold, No.3, paragraph spacing 1 line, centered.

Secondary title: bold, No.4, paragraph spacing 1 line, left alignment.

Third-level titles: bold, small four, paragraphs before and after 1 line, left-aligned.

The spacing between the preceding and following paragraphs can be adjusted appropriately to control the proper page-changing position of the text. (Note: If you don't know how to format the title and how to insert the table of contents, please check online.)

2) The serial number, title and reference content of the chart, with No.5 Song in Chinese and No.5 Times New Roman in English; Except for the three-level title, the other words in this article are Xiaosi Songti in Chinese and Times New Roman in English.

3) The full text adopts 1.3 times spacing;

3. Chinese abstract

(1) Print the word "abstract" in the middle, add a character between words, and adopt the first-class title format;

(2) Print the abstract with line breaks (Song Ti No.4 in Chinese and Times New Roman)； in English);

(3) Print the word "keywords" (bold small four) on the bottom line after the abstract content, followed by 3-6 keywords (small four in Song Dynasty in Chinese and Times New Roman in English), with commas between each keyword, and no punctuation marks after the last keyword. The general format is as follows:

abstract

××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××

Key words: ×× year × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × month × day × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × day × month × day × day × month × day × day × month × day × day × month × day × month × day

4. English abstract

(1) Print the "Summary" in the center, and adopt a separate title format of "Times New Roman, bold, No.3, paragraph spacing 1 line, center";

(2) Print the English abstract on a new line, leaving four blank characters at the beginning of each paragraph;

(3) Print "keywords" (four times smaller than Silyma, bold) in the blank line under the abstract, followed by keywords in lowercase letters, separated by commas, and no punctuation marks are added after the last keyword.

(4) The abstracts and keywords are in Times New Roman font. The general format is as follows:

abstract

××××××。 The contents of English abstracts should be basically the same as those of Chinese abstracts, with concise words, strict and accurate grammar and correct spelling of letters. ××××

Keywords: PLC, predictive control, microcomputer

5. Content

The word "directory" is printed in the middle, which adopts the first-class title format; Here are the chapters, sections, sections and their starting page numbers (after selecting all the contents of the catalogue, set it to the fourth song style and then set it to Times New Roman); Chapters, sections and paragraphs are marked with chapter 1, 1. 1, 1. 1 and so on.

6. Text

The title of each chapter adopts the first-level title format; The chapter is a section, with a two-level title format; Below the section is a section with a three-level title format; After the line break, print the text in small four-character font, and the title number in the text is marked with (1), ①, A, etc.

7. Attached drawings

The title of the picture is Chinese, and the Chinese font is Song Ti No.5; Citation chart should indicate the source of literature in the upper right corner of the title; Drawing numbers are numbered in chapter order.

8. Form

Numbering according to chapter sequence, and the units in the table must be marked by specified symbols; Table numbers are numbered in chapter order.

9. Formula

Formula writing should start a new line in the text and be arranged in the middle; The recipe serial number is numbered in chapter order.

10. Reference

According to the order of references in this paper, they are numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals; Every item in the reference should be complete.

1 1. Title and page number

(1) The header starts from the Chinese abstract and is written in the center of Primary Five. The title of each page header is "Graduation Design (Thesis) of Qingdao University of Technology".

(2) Footers should be arranged in Roman numerals from the beginning of the Chinese abstract to the first chapter (such as I and II), and separately from the beginning of the first chapter to the end of the paper (such as 1, 2, 3, avoiding the forms of "-1-" and "the first 1 page"). The footer is located at the bottom of the page and written in the center of Times New Roman.

Four, graduation design drawings requirements

The number of drawings for design topics (converted into 0# drawings) shall be no less than 2.5, including 2 computer drawings (CAD) and no less than 1 sheet. Drawings shall conform to national standards. After the completed design drawings are reviewed by the graduation design guidance teacher, the reviewer shall sign the review guidance.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) graduation thesis structure

1. Title

That is, the title, its main function is to summarize the central content of the whole paper. Topics should be short, clear and general, and the number of words should be appropriate, generally no more than 20 words. When there are many words, they can be divided into main headings and sub-headings.

2. Content

The table of contents should list the titles of all the components of the whole paper, and indicate the page numbers item by item, including the pages of references, appendices, charts, indexes and other ancillary parts, so that readers can find them easily. The table of contents is compiled by three-level titles (i.e. 1 chapter ...,1...,1...), and the title hierarchy is required to be clear. The titles in the table of contents should be consistent with the titles in the text, and the appendices should be listed in the table of contents in turn. As shown in the figure below:

3. Summary

It is a high-level summary of the paper and requires Chinese and English pagination. Chinese abstract is about 300 words, and foreign abstract is about 250 words. Generally, there are 3 ~ 6 keywords.

4. Preface (or introduction)

The preface is equivalent to the beginning of the paper, and serves as the 1 chapter of the paper. It is the first paragraph of a three-stage paper (the last two paragraphs are theory and conclusion). The preface and the abstract are not exactly the same, so the abstract should be highly summarized and concise, and the preface should be more specific, with the text of 1000 words or so. The preface should generally include the following contents;

(1) Why do you want to write this paper, what problems should be solved, and what are the main viewpoints?

(2) Comments on the existing literature within the research topic of this paper (including the historical review related to the topic, the source, nature and application of data, etc. ).

(3) Explain the problems to be solved in this paper, and the research means, methods and means adopted. Define the boundary and scale of research work.

(4) Summarize the results and significance of this study.

5. Text

The text of this paper is the author's detailed description of his research work. It shall include the following contents:

(1) theoretical analysis part: explain in detail the basic information such as analysis methods and calculation methods used; It is pointed out that the analytical methods, calculation methods and experimental methods used are our own, improved and created by ourselves, so as to guide teachers to review and correct. Don't be too long, outline them in concise and clear words.

(2) If the research purpose is achieved through investigation and study, the purpose, object, scope, time, place, process and method of investigation must be briefly described. Samples, data, new discoveries, etc. What is mentioned in the investigation should be explained in detail.

(3) Results and discussion: For results and analysis, tables and charts should be used appropriately.

6. Conclusion

The conclusion, as the last chapter of the paper, is a conclusion drawn by summarizing and synthesizing the whole research work. The conclusion reflects the author's research results, expresses the author's views and opinions on the research topic, predicts and evaluates its application prospect and social and economic value, and points out the prospect and assumption of further research work in this research direction in the future, which is the ideological essence of the full text. Generally speaking, the space is short. Pay attention to the following points when writing:

(1) The conclusion should be simple and clear. The wording should be rigorous and easy to understand.

(2) Conclusions should reflect personal research work, and conclusions belonging to predecessors and others can be omitted.

(3) We should introduce our research results realistically and avoid exaggerating.

thank you

For the instructor of graduation design (thesis) and the students who have given useful suggestions or help in the process of graduation design (thesis) writing, they should all thank them in writing at the end of the thesis, and their words should be sincere and realistic.

8. Reference

In general, the documents cited and referenced in the paper should be listed. Don't have too many references for graduation design (thesis). There are not less than 10 general references, including not less than 2 foreign documents. The content of the reference is Song Ti No.5 in Chinese and Times New Roman in English.

9. Appendix

Attach important data, charts, formulas, procedures and other materials that are inconvenient to put into the text after the paper for readers' reference when reading the paper. Generally, the length of the appendix should not be too large, otherwise it will make people feel top-heavy.

VI. Structural Description of Graduation Design

1. The topic of solving a specific problem of a project belongs to graduation design, which includes two parts: design specification and drawings.

2. Graduation design instructions are written materials to explain and explain graduation design, and should pay attention to the difference from papers in writing:

The preface of (1) consists of the following three parts; The purpose and significance of the design, the development of the design project, the design principle and scale;

(2) The text includes two parts: scheme demonstration and calculation of main parameters.

Seven, graduation thesis binding order requirements

1. cover

2. Task Manual (single page, printed)

3. Lecturer's comments

4. Opinions of designated reviewers

5. Opinions of the National Defense Commission

6. Chinese abstract

7. Foreign language abstracts

8. Content

9. Text

Introduction to Chapter 1