li qingming
There are many buffaloes in the water town.
(2) From the time I can remember until I came out of the water town as an adult, most of them were accompanied by buffaloes. Not only do you have to graze buffaloes all day during the holidays, but even if you go to school, you bring a sickle and a bamboo basket every day, and cut a basket of grass on the way to school to feed the buffaloes.
(3) As the saying goes, one side of the soil and water will nourish one side. In our water town, it can be said that one side of the soil and water raises one side of cattle. After years of reclamation, the lakes and continents of Dongting Lake have become water towns. There are many harbors, ditches and ponds in the branches of the lake. Reed, grass and Artemisia are all good feed for buffaloes. Buffalo has strong vitality and is easy to raise. In spring, summer and autumn, they all feed on naturally growing wormwood; In the winter when everything is dying, you only need a bundle of hay to eat every day.
In the long farming era, buffalo has always been regarded as the lifeblood of farmers. From the day when the calf learned to walk, a string of bronze bells was carefully hung around its neck. Buffalo can be used to plow and rake fields in busy farming season; In slack season, buffaloes can help pull mill and crush rapeseed and rice to obtain edible oil and rice. I remember that in the early 1970s, the village bought the Oriental Red Card Tractor, which was also equipped with complete sets of ploughing machinery such as plows and rakes. I didn't expect the "iron cow" weighing several tons to drive into the farmland but often get stuck in the mud. Sometimes the flood overflows and only the chimney at the top can be seen. Finally, it had to be pulled out with the joint efforts of ten and eight buffaloes.
⑤ Buffaloes are born to swim, and they are also masters of long-distance swimming. Buffalo swim very slowly in shallow water, and don't forget to eat lotus leaves, wormwood and wild grass when swimming; Once it reaches the water depth, it will become extremely fast, paddling its limbs desperately, holding its head and horns high and barking proudly. In summer, buffalo became the best "swimming teacher" for me and a group of good partners. Learn to swim with buffalo. First, we drove the buffalo into the river with a wicker whip and grabbed the cow's tail with our hands. When the buffalo crossed the river, we beat the water with our feet. In less than two days, we mastered all the swimming skills such as "cow planing" and "breaststroke".
6. Being with buffalo day and night, we also understand its docile and docile habits. As long as you stand in front of the bull's head, even if it is swallowing grass, it will quickly lower its head and let you climb the horn and climb on its back. Sit down, the buffalo still shook his head, "mm-hmm" a few coquetry, and the cow bell "ding-ding" rang. We rode on the back of an ox, wearing a wicker hat on our heads, a slingshot on our waist and a wicker whip held high in our right hand, just like generals riding horses and drawing swords for war.
7. Don't look at the buffalo, which is usually docile, but once it comes to fighting, it is extremely brave, especially the bull in heat. When the attack began, the bulls' eyes were red, they reached the arch of their feet, their heads shrank to the middle of their front legs, and they exposed sharp horns and collided with each other. At that moment, the cow bell suddenly rang, and Sha Fei jumped up and made a deafening sound. At this time, only by throwing the torch made of hay at the bull's head can they be separated.
Finally, the buffalo is old. Buffalo, who can't even plow the fields, crouched quietly in the cowshed, waiting for the opportunity to come. For fear of losing weight, villagers often slaughter buffaloes in advance. Buffalo tied to a tree by a cow rope will shed a lot of tears when he sees the butcher sharpening his knife. It seems that he has deep sorrow and infinite sorrow. We can't help crying when we stand by and think that buffaloes are doing the hardest, dirtiest and most tiring work in their lives.
In today's water towns, buffaloes are no longer used for intensive cultivation, but directly scatter seeds in rice fields to collect food by the weather. Looking around, only aquatic plants grow wildly on the lake continent, and over time it has become a natural pasture for grazing buffaloes. In spring, buffaloes who are no longer tilling fields are driven to pasture, with new bells engraved on their necks, and they are not brought back until winter. Along with the bulls and cows, newborn calves were brought back. The claim of calves follows the old rules of the village: drive the calves of each family to a place to see which calf goes with whose calf and which calf belongs to whom.
Today, driven by interests, such old rules begin to face challenges. Every time I hear about a dispute caused by a calf. There are two adjacent families, because the dispute of six calves won't give way to each other until they go to court. One family even offered to take a calf to the provincial capital for a "paternity test". Naturally, the appraisal finally solved the dispute, but the sum of appraisal fee, travel expenses and lawyer's fees far exceeded the value of several calves, and became the black humor that people talked about the most after dinner.
Since then, most buffaloes in the water town have changed from grazing to captivity. With the passage of time, the cowboy's cow flute seems to have become a swan song overnight. Without the vast lakes and the shade of green grass on the mainland, without the swaying and blowing of the wind ... cowbells are still jingling, but they always feel less pleasant to listen to.
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1. What's the special purpose of putting quotation marks on "Iron Bull" and "Ye" in the fourth paragraph? (3 points)
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2. Appreciate the underlined sentences in paragraph 5. (4 points)
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3. Why does the author call the dispute caused by calf "black humor"? (3 points)
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4. What is the artistic effect of writing "Cow Bell" many times? (5 points)
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5. Briefly summarize the main idea of this article and talk about your own feelings. (5 points)
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1. Analyze this problem and examine the function of quotation marks. The main functions of quotation marks are: (1) to indicate quotation, (2) to indicate a specific title, (3) to indicate a special meaning to be emphasized, and (4) to indicate negation and irony. According to the context, the quotation marks of "Iron Bull" indicate emphasis, and the quotation marks of "procrastination" indicate irony, so it is necessary to answer the specific contents of emphasis and irony.
The answer (1) plays an important role in attracting readers' attention. ② The contrast between "Iron Bull" and Buffalo highlights the embarrassment of tractor being towed, which means ridicule and humor.
2. Analyze this question to examine the ability to understand important sentences. (1) These statements are descriptions of buffalo. First of all, it is necessary to make clear what kind of description techniques are used, and what kind of personality characteristics of buffalo are shown through these descriptions. ② For the description of "we", we should first make clear the description technique, and then look at what characteristics "we" have and what relationship it has with buffalo.
The answer (1) vividly depicts the buffalo's habit of being good at swimming and the spirituality of life through the description of actions ("paddling" and "lifting", etc.). ) and gestures ("call proudly"), as well as a comparative description of different swimming postures in shallow water and deep water.
(2) Through the description of actions (such as "rushing", "pulling" and "slapping"), the nature of "we" playing freely and the intimate relationship with buffalo are vividly displayed.
3. Analyze this topic and investigate the ability to appreciate the connotation of the work by understanding the meaning of the key words in the text. "Black humor" is a kind of desperate humor, trying to attract people's laughter as a response to the obvious meaningless and absurd human life. The first paragraph of the article satirizes the two families' use of "paternity test" to quell the dispute caused by calves, so it is called "black humor". Analyze the reasons in combination with the first sentence of this paragraph.
The answer (1) The competition for interests contrasts with the result that the loss outweighs the gain, resulting in an ironic comedy effect.
The reality of pursuing interests conflicts with the ancient rural tradition, reflecting the helplessness brought about by the changes of the times.
4. Analyze this topic to examine the ability to understand the artistic charm of the work. "Cowbell" appears many times in the article: paragraph ④ "It hangs a string of bronze bells carefully around its neck", paragraph ⑥ "Cowbell will jingle all the time", paragraph ⑥ "Cowbell suddenly rings" and paragraph ⑨ "It has a new bell engraved on its neck". Cow bells are still jingling, but it always feels less pleasant than in the past. Sketch out these sentences and answer them according to their positions and the central idea of the article.
The answer 1 echoes the topic and points out the main idea. ② As a clue, the structure of the full text is more compact. (3) Form the background melody and increase the appeal. ④ It constitutes a symbol, bearing the emotion and memory of farming times.
5. Analyze this question to examine the ability to grasp the main idea of the article and the ability to read the article in a personalized and creative way. When grasping the main idea of the article, we should pay attention to the important sentences in the article, such as "the old rules are beginning to face challenges driven by interests" and "the cow bell is still ringing, but it always feels less pleasant than in the past". You can hold a positive attitude or a negative attitude towards the author's point of view, as long as it makes sense.
Answer (1) Main idea of this article: It expresses nostalgia for the simple and poetic countryside and disappointment at the disappearance of rural scenery.
(2) (for example) ① The countryside is my spiritual home, but now, my hometown has been disfigured and tampered with bit by bit, and the rural life has gradually disappeared, which is really melancholy and regrettable. Although the prosperity, civilization and beauty of hometown are basically at the expense of the disappearance of some scenery in hometown, people can't always stay in the past. The construction of new countryside is the inevitable trend of the times, and we should keep pace with the times.