The course of computer organization principle is the core course of computer specialty, and it is also one of the compulsory subjects of the national entrance examination for computer specialty. It plays a connecting role in the whole curriculum system of computer specialty. The following is what I recommend to you, I hope you like it!

The first chapter "Discussion on the experimental teaching reform of computer organization principle"

This paper first analyzes the present situation and existing problems of the experimental teaching of the principle of computer organization, and the important role of experimental teaching in the teaching of the principle of computer organization, then puts forward the reform ideas of the experimental teaching of the principle of computer organization, and finally makes a summary.

Keywords: experimental teaching, computer composition principle, experimental arrangement, experimental teaching reform

This paper analyzes the current situation and existing problems of experimental teaching of computer principles, and the important role of experimental teaching in computer teaching organization, and then puts forward the ideas of experimental teaching reform of computer principles, and finally makes a summary.

Keywords: experimental teaching; Computer organization; Experimental arrangement; Experimental reform

This paper mainly expounds the reform ideas of experimental teaching of computer composition principle. With the goal of improving teaching quality in an all-round way, taking innovative design mode as the main guiding ideology, introducing hardware description language, advanced EDA development tools and technologies into the experiment, and gradually updating the outdated content, mode and experimental platform in the traditional hardware experiment will become the development trend of the computer composition principle experiment. The improved computer composition experiment combines practicality, cutting-edge technology and interest in realizing the experiment, which has a good correspondence with the course content. So as to improve students' interest in learning and enhance their employment competitiveness.

1 analysis of the present situation and existing problems of experimental teaching of computer composition principle

The course of computer organization principle is the core course of computer specialty, and it is also one of the compulsory subjects of the national entrance examination for computer specialty. It plays a connecting role in the whole curriculum system of computer specialty [1]. The experiment of computer organization principle is a supporting experiment of the course of computer organization principle, which belongs to the hardware experiment involving the internal working mechanism of the computer. With the rapid development of computer technology, the theoretical knowledge of hardware can only be deepened through experiments. Experiments can enable students to master many skills such as computer hardware design, manufacturing, debugging, execution and maintenance, train students' practical ability, cultivate students' innovative ability and serious and rigorous scientific research style.

The experimental teaching of "Computer Composition Principle" focuses on the composition, organization and working principle of basic computer components, including memory, arithmetic unit, controller, input and output system and system bus connecting them. The difficulty of this course is how to master the control flow and data flow as the main line, connect the major components of the computer, and establish the concept of the whole machine. Therefore, the experimental teaching method of this course has played a vital role [3]. The traditional experimental teaching method is: first, the teacher explains the experiment, then the students verify the experiment step by step with the ready-made experimental box according to the experimental steps in the manual, and finally the teacher checks the experimental data records. This teaching method makes students very puzzled and unable to describe the working process and principle of the internal composition of the computer intuitively and vividly.

2 the idea of experimental teaching reform of computer composition principle

In view of the common problems in the experimental teaching of computer composition principle at present, the author puts forward some reform ideas according to the effective attempts made in teaching.

The experimental equipment of computer composition principle used in our hospital is FD-CES multifunctional computer experimental system developed by Fudan University, which mainly includes four parts of experiments including arithmetic unit, controller, memory, bus and a whole machine experiment. Previous experiments were basically verification experiments. In the experimental class, the teacher first talks about the experimental principle, and then the students connect and operate according to the experimental board and experimental steps provided by the manufacturer. Many students just follow the mechanical connection and operation of the experimental steps, and simply don't understand what each step represents and what role it plays. In order to improve students' ability to think and solve problems independently, we changed the experiment of arithmetic unit, memory and bus from the original verification experiment to the design experiment. One week before the experiment, the teacher first explained the experimental principle in class, and then copied the circuit diagram of the experimental circuit board to the students, so that the students could know the details of the whole circuit in advance. During the experiment, the teacher combined the experimental board and the circuit diagram to explain the functions of the chips and signals on the experimental board. Finally, the teacher instructed the students to design the experimental steps and complete the experimental content by themselves. In the experimental teaching, we introduced new practical teaching methods, gave full play to the advantages of modern computers, and combined computer graphics technology, network technology and multimedia technology to carry out computer-aided practical teaching. This teaching method demonstrates the abstract working principle and process in the form of animation in the computer, so that students can clearly understand the process and final result of data flow and better grasp the concept of the whole machine. This teaching method is more intuitive, vivid and attractive. This can further develop students' initiative and improve their interest in learning.

3 experimental teaching content design arrangements

The arrangement of experimental teaching is step by step, and the experimental content is reasonably selected to avoid excessive abuse. Attention should be paid to the choice of content, that is, to inspire thinking, as long as the designed and comprehensive experiment can achieve the predetermined experimental goal, and the unification of experimental process and steps is not required. The experimental teacher mainly plays a guiding role in the experiment, and the explanation before the experiment focuses on the key points, difficulties and matters needing attention, without covering everything. You can ask some questions first, so that students can do, observe and think together. Students should be the main body in the experiment, so that each student can feel the physical process of the computer through the operation behavior. Encourage students to modify their own experiments. Sometimes students are not clear about the contents of their own experiments. Once they are operated and practiced, they will be clear. In fact, by modifying the experimental steps and observing the modified results, he understood the role of the modified part in the whole operation process. This role is not learned through preaching, but through personal experience and seeing, and students' understanding and memory of it will be much deeper.

The specific experiment content should cover all important aspects in the teaching of computer composition principle: calculator, memory, timing element, bus and whole machine experiment. Types are optional and mandatory. Each experiment belongs to verification, design or comprehensive type. According to the above ideas, we have carefully considered and arranged the selection of experimental contents, the design of experimental steps and the organization of experimental documents, and tried to write the experimental instruction book of computer composition principle. Here are some experiments that must be done.

3. 1 Experiment 1: Calculator component experiment

* * *1* * experimental type.

Design experiments.

* * * 2 * * Experimental purpose.

① Master the working principle and usage of 4-bit function generator 74 18 1, carry generator 74 182 and multifunctional 8-bit shift register 74 198.

② Master the working principle and design method of 16 bit serial/parallel arithmetic unit.

* * * 3 * * Experimental requirements.

① A variable inter-group carry parallel/sequential 16-bit arithmetic logic unit is assembled by four 4-bit parallel arithmetic logic operation units 74 188+0, a carry advance generation circuit 74 182, two 74 198 and two 74377.

② Verify the functions of integrated circuits 74 18 1 and 74 198.

③ Test the maximum carry delay time in the case of serial carry and parallel carry between 16 bit operator groups respectively.

3.2 Experiment 2: Storage Component Experiment

* * *1* * experimental type.

Design the experiment * * * Given the experimental scheme, design the hardware connection and experimental steps by yourself * * *.

* * * 2 * * Experimental purpose.

① Master the characteristics and usage of semiconductor static RAM6 1 16.

② Master the expansion kit technology and chip selection technology of multi-chip storage.

* * * 3 * * Experimental requirements.

① Use two pieces of 6 1 16 * * 2k× 8 * * to form a 4K×8bit RAM.

② Measure the reading and writing time of 6 1 16.

3.3 Experiment 3: Experiment of Sequential Circuit Components

* * *1* * experimental type.

Verification experiment.

* * * 2 * * Experimental purpose.

① Enhance the understanding of computer time series system.

Master the method of developing computer sequential circuits with small and medium-sized integrated circuits.

* * * 3 * * Experimental requirements.

Verify the computer sequential circuit with the following performance.

① Four machine cycle states can be generated: M0, M 1, M2 and M3.

② Each machine cycle state contains four beat potentials: T0, T 1, T2 and T3.

③ Each beat potential contains three complete clock pulses: CP 1, CP2, φ.

3.4 Experiment 4: Bus Transmission Experiment

* * *1* * experimental type.

Design experiments.

* * * 2 * * Experimental purpose.

① Understand the bus transmission control technology through a simple 8-bit bus transmission line.

(2) Familiar with the performance and usage of several commonly used three-state output periods.

* * * 3 * * Experimental requirements.

Given the experimental components, try to design the connection and test steps to form an 8-bit single bus system, which can be used to read and write memories and registers, and realize the data exchange between memories through the bus.

3.5 Experiment 5: Whole Machine Experiment

* * *1* * experimental type.

Comprehensive experiment.

* * * 2 * * Experimental purpose.

① Understand the characteristics of multi-accumulator computer;

② Understand the control process of several addressing modes;

③ Mastering the design method of microprogram control computer, and deepening the understanding of microprogram characteristics;

④ Through design and debugging, we can understand how the computer executes instructions and controls the work of I/O equipment.

* * * 3 * * Experimental requirements.

Reduce the resources of experimental instruments and develop an experimental computer. The experimental computer is required to have the following characteristics.

① There are external devices.

② The arithmetic unit adopts a single accumulator structure ***KA, KB, KC and KR are placed in the left, right, right and left * * * respectively.

(3) The operands are directly addressed.

④ Peripheral and main memory are addressed in a unified way. When a 10=0, access the main memory; A 10= 1, access peripherals.

⑤ Self-made microinstruction format and microprogram.

⑥ Self-compiled debugging programs and application programs.

4 conclusion

The improved computer composition experiment integrates practicality, cutting-edge technology and interest in realizing the experiment, which has a good correspondence with the course content, distinctive features and strong pertinence, so that students can not only touch the development technology of mainstream applications of modern computers with their own hands, but also improve their interest in learning and enhance their employment competitiveness.

In a word, it will be a development trend to introduce hardware description language, advanced EDA development tools and technologies into experiments with the aim of improving teaching quality in an all-round way and taking innovative design mode as the main guiding ideology, and gradually update the outdated content, mode and experimental platform in traditional hardware experiments.

refer to

[1], Xu Wenlin, Ren. Discussion and Practice on Teaching Reform of Continuous Casting and Rolling Course [J]. Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology: Social Science Edition, 2012 * * 5 * * *:185-186.

Yu zhanlin. Application of Multisim in the experiment of computer organization principle [J]. Electronic Design Engineering, 2012 * * *15 * *:15-17.

Bai Ming, Zhang Jian. Experimental simulation of computer organization principle based on GEF [J]. Experimental Technology and Management, 2010 * * * 9 * * *: 81-84.

, week,. Implementation of ALU based on Quartus [J]. Experimental Science and Technology, 20 12 * * * 4 * * *: 67-70.

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