The format of argumentative writing is not a three-paragraph fixed format, but a three-paragraph format should be the most basic requirement for beginners to write argumentative writing. Arguments, arguments and arguments must be complete in most cases. There should be arguments, but not necessarily in the first paragraph. However, all arguments must revolve around arguments, which include both factual arguments and theoretical arguments. There are various methods, which can't be completed in one paragraph.
Argumentative essays are divided into positive argumentative essays, negative argumentative essays, material argumentative essays and critical argumentative essays. Students write more positive argumentative papers and material argumentative papers. For example, the speech entitled "Love Labor" in the 20 19 college entrance examination is a positive argumentative paper. In recent years, I have been taking an examination of material-based argumentative essays. Today, let's talk about how to write a positive argumentative essay.
The so-called "positive type" is to put forward a certain good quality, style, spirit or affirmation of a certain practice from the front and write it down.
Point of view, it is best to come straight to the point.
The argument was put forward, and then we went to the second part of the argument. First of all, we must be reasonable, which belongs to theoretical argumentation. When reasoning, we should make the truth clear and thorough around the argument, and it is best to demonstrate it with positive and negative contrast. That is, emphasize the importance of the argument and discuss the argument from the opposite side.
When your own reasons are finished, using "quotation" is to prove the correctness of the store with famous words, and it is also a supplement and sublimation of your own reasons. Because I am a "nobody" after all, I think it is better to use the wisdom of great people to prove it, so that the correctness and reliability of your shop discussion will be more solid, and my articles will be colorful.
By the time of writing this article, "reasoning" has come to an end. Here is a typical case demonstration, that is, entering the stage of "putting facts". Because no matter how clear and thorough the truth is, even if you say it, it will only be the "big truth." Not sure if the reader is convinced. It must be demonstrated with typical examples, so that readers can move from empty theories to real cases and be truly convinced. As the saying goes, "Facts speak louder than words", which is the truth. Moreover, it is a leap from "reasoning" to "putting facts", and there must be a transition in the middle, otherwise it will be too sudden. This requires adding a transitional sentence or paragraph, such as "the facts will be the same."
When "stating facts", you can simply state the first typical case, or you can list several typical cases to summarize and refine in parallel.
After the first typical example is given, it is better to give another one. When giving the second typical example, we should make the finishing touch of the positive and negative comparative argument.
Only by comparing the positive and negative analysis of typical cases can the author understand the topic not only on the superficial phenomenon of things, but also in-depth into the essence of things.
The second part is almost the same after reasoning and stating the facts. But it's not over yet. There must be a connection with reality: with the times or with yourself. Because writing articles is not for writing articles, especially argumentative papers, you always have to clarify your own views and opinions, which is utilitarian. In other words, a person's views and opinions should be closely related to the pulse of the times and his own study life, so he should also reflect the style of the times and show his study life. In fact, this kind of "linking with reality" also serves for its own argument, just urging you and me with the requirements of the times; Prove your argument with your own words and deeds.
This is the end of the article. The ending must be short and powerful. You can summarize the above, take care of the beginning, or make a phone call.
There is no shortcut to composition. Read more, recite more, write more, think more, practice more, pay more attention, use more words and revise more.
(1) Make a clear point and come straight to the point. 1988 a high-scoring composition named "Habits" in the national college entrance examination begins with the following words: "Just like a stream is used to rushing, the sea is used to roaring, I am used to meditation and daydreaming, and I am used to revealing my feelings in my diary."
(2) Metaphor is the theme. 1987 the national college entrance examination material composition "the significance of theory to practice", there is a college entrance examination composition entitled "lighthouse, road sign, theory", which begins with the following words: "sailing on rocky seas requires a lighthouse to point to a maze; At a fork in the road, you need a road sign to guide you. Otherwise, you will get lost on the rocks. On the road of life, we need the guidance of scientific theory. "
(3) Tell stories and introduce themes. 1994 the national college entrance examination has a humorous beginning: "I once heard a joke: a young civil servant once met the director in the toilet, so he blurted out,' Director, do you go to the toilet by yourself?' Hearing this, others will certainly laugh, but after laughing, we found something worth pondering. It is said that on other occasions, clerks always say' Director, you personally …' and' Section Chief, you personally …'. Over time, animal conditioned reflex is formed, even though time, place and environment have changed. I said this is caused by habit.
(4) Quote sentences and buckle the center. The famous sentences mentioned here include famous sayings, proverbs, poems and songs of famous people at home and abroad. 1995 The composition "Responsibility" got a high score, which began with the following sentence: "Prince Charles of England once said: There are many things you have to do in this world, and this is responsibility."
(5) The pendulum phenomenon reveals the topic. An essay entitled "Fathers" begins like this: "My father's generation encountered natural disasters when they were growing up. When they were studying in the countryside, they caught up with the compressed household registration when they returned to the city, and their children just caught up with their own expenses to go to college for further study ... but their eyes are still bright, their waists are still straight, and they look practical, confident and steady."
In addition, we should pay attention to three points at the beginning of the material composition: first, the relayed materials must be concise; Second, the relay must be carried out according to the requirements and tips of the test questions; The third is to quickly turn from narrative to topic or argument.
Argumentative structure of college entrance examination composition
First, gradually deepen the argument, taking the form of going from shallow to deep and gradually deepening, which is the embodiment of the vertical progressive structure, also known as the push structure. Its characteristic is that the order of each layer has strict requirements and cannot be changed at will. Argumentative writing generally adopts the idea of asking questions first, then analyzing and then solving, which embodies the characteristics of hierarchical structure. The basic structure of hierarchical structure can be divided into two categories: each level of the article is in-depth, step by step, with strict order requirements and cannot be changed at will.
There are two basic structures:
Firstly, the article on the thinking line structure of "what-why-how" or "asking questions-analyzing problems-solving problems" is discussed and analyzed. This structure develops vertically, goes deep at different levels, advances step by step and deepens the discussion. "What is it" can be understood as asking questions, indicating the nature of the questions, or representing the scope of discussion, or directly putting forward central arguments. It is also necessary to explain and explain the object of discussion. From the perspective of "why" and "how", it is the main part of the article. These two parts can be equally important, or they can each have their own emphasis, and they are not necessarily equal. When choosing the key points, we should consider whether we need to focus on the reasons why the views are established or what we should do according to a certain truth.
Second, adopt such logical thinking, from near to far, from shallow to deep, from easy to difficult, from special to general (inductive reasoning), or from general to special (deductive reasoning) to demonstrate, reflecting the vertical hierarchical structure. When using layered (vertical) argument, it is necessary to pay attention to the following points:
1. puts forward the central argument in the preface, and in this part, its sub-arguments go from shallow to deep, from shallow to deep, and finally they are integrated in the conclusion part, further establishing the central argument.
2. Choose arguments or arguments from different heights and the same aspect to prove your point of view. The analysis of problems is generally carried out according to the deep thinking track from phenomenon to essence and from cause to result. Its hierarchy is no longer a parallel and equal relationship, but a relationship of progress and development; It's like peeling bamboo shoots, getting deeper and deeper, and finally digging out the essence and soul:
3. In the step-by-step argument, some progressive signs are often used between paragraphs, such as "not only this", "moreover" and "even".
Who is the father of two bombs and one satellite at the beginning of the story of the latest article? What are the so-called story-like beginnings? It is a way to tell a fascinating little story at the beginning, express the plot clearly in narrative language, and then lead to the argument or topic of the article from this story. Starting with a story not only enriches the content of the article, but also naturally leads to opinions and stimulates the reading interest of the marking teacher. I am often moved to tears by an old man named Weisheng. "I have an appointment with that woman, and that woman didn't arrive until three days later. In the event of a flood, the micro-life died holding the column. " Weisheng is such a persistent and lovely gentleman. For that perhaps unimportant agreement, in order to keep the contract written to him in his heart, he bravely defended it with his life. I saw two flashing words from him-honesty. At the beginning of the composition, the examinee told us a story about honesty. In order to keep the agreement, Weisheng died in the line of duty. The reason is very simple, the key is that the author links the afterlife with honesty, which naturally leads to the topic. The ancients also knew that the contract was careful. What about us? How can we keep the contract of the soul?
Third, the so-called example method, also known as parallel argument method. It is to list a group of similar arguments in parallel sentences, and then summarize, discuss and analyze them. By using examples, a large number of examples can be listed in fewer words, making them comprehensive and sufficient. In addition, due to the use of parallelism, the momentum of the article, the strength of arguments, the expressive force and appeal of language are greatly enhanced. Example 5 Doctor Chu pondered over Zepan, and he did not regret his death. Wei Wudi pointed the whip to the east with great courage; Tao Yuanming carefree Nanshan, drinking and picking chrysanthemums. I admire them very much, because they know themselves in troubled times, find their own souls, and make the purest drop in troubled times. Even if flattery slanders the audience, it will not go with the flow; Even if the horse is buried, the soul will return to the smoke, and the pursuit is only heroic; Even if you are penniless and can't eat all day, you are willing to entertain yourself and farm. Stick to the purest ingredients of the soul, which can be comparable to the beauty god in troubled times! (A drop in Wang Yang, a perfect composition for Hebei College Entrance Examination) Using the form of parallel listing like this not only highly summarizes the facts and increases the density of use cases, but also greatly strengthens the language situation and enhances the demonstration effect. It is worth noting that after listing some arguments, we need to make a comparative analysis of these arguments and sum up their similarities, which must be closely related to the arguments.
1, no!
2. Although argumentative writing is the same, the content of the article is rich and colorful.
People use the same wok for cooking, but the dishes they fry are quite different.
4. Do you understand the above truth?
5. The structure of argumentative paper is solidified, which is the same as walking on the highway, walking on the right.
6. There are some fixed things that let us know the rules. Of course, this does not mean that we can't innovate. Innovation is the soul of development.
7, argumentative writing has been in line with people's habits, you want to change, it is estimated that it is not easy.
8. Welcome friends passing by to leave comments. Thank you!
When students write articles, their main task is not innovation. Writing articles is the basic idea and mode of learning. For example, argumentative essays should have arguments, arguments and argumentation processes. You have mastered, mastered, and you are qualified.