Ouyang xiu (1007 ~ 1072) was a statesman and writer in the northern song dynasty, and one of the eight masters of ancient prose in Tang and song dynasties. The word uncle Yong, drunk Weng, was also a 61-year-old layman in his later years. Luling (now Ji 'an, Jiangxi) people. At the age of four, he lost his father and his family was poor. His mother taught him to read. Song Renzong, Tiansheng eight years (1030) Jinshi. He has served in the central and local governments, and has served as an imperial scholar, a bachelor of Hanlin, a political adviser, a minister of punishments, and a minister of war. But it has been degraded many times and used many times. In the fourth year of Zong Xining (107 1), God bid farewell to Prince Shao Shi and returned to Yingzhou (now Fuyang, Anhui). The following year, Shi Wenzhong died. Ouyang Xiu was the leader of the poetry innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty. His literary achievements are the highest and most influential in his prose. He inherited the spirit of Han Yu's ancient prose movement and put forward Ming Dow's prose theory. He adopted the spirit of Han Yu's Preface to Literature, strongly advocated simple, neat, smooth and natural writing, and opposed flashy carving and eccentricity. He not only set out from reality, but also set an example with his outstanding creative achievements. Ouyang Xiu wrote more than 500 essays in his life, including political essays, historical essays, notes, lyric essays and notes, each with its own characteristics. Most of his essays are rich in content and magnificent, with a simple, natural, fluent and witty artistic style. The narrative is euphemistic and concise; The discussion is thoughtful, but full of internal logical power. Composite structures can be tortuous and very compact. The theory of cronies, the history of the New Five Dynasties, the biography of Lingguan, the admonition with Gauss, the preface to the drunken pavilion, the record of Fengle Pavilion, and the thousand watches of Longgang are all masterpieces that have been told through the ages. Ouyang Xiu also initiated the creation of notes in the Song Dynasty. His Records of Returning to the Field, Bi Shuo and Shi Bi are all famous. Ouyang Xiu's Fu is also very distinctive. The famous Ode to Autumn Sound uses various metaphors to describe the invisible autumn sound very vividly, making people seem to be audible. This paper changes the "metrical style" from the Tang Dynasty to "prose style", which is of pioneering significance to the development of Fu. Ouyang Xiu's poetry creation achievement is not as good as prose, but it is also very distinctive. Many of his poems reflect people's sufferings and expose the darkness of society. He also discusses current affairs in his poems and attacks corrupt politics. But he wrote more and more successful poems to express his personal feelings and scenery. His poems are mainly influenced by Han Yu in art, and in general, their styles are diverse. Ouyang Xiu is also good at poetry. In Preface to Mei Poetry, he put forward the idea that poetry should be written after poverty, which developed the poetic theories of Du Fu and Bai Juyi and had a great influence on the poetic creation at that time and later generations. His Poems on June 1st is the first poem in the history of China literature. It comments on poetry in a casual and intimate way and becomes a new form of poetry conversation. Ouyang Xiu is also good at lyrics, and his main contents are still lovesickness, drinking drunken songs, cherishing spring and enjoying flowers. And he is particularly good at writing landscapes and expressing his feelings with fresh and sparse brushwork. There are some colorful words, although they are written about dating between men and women, which are simple and vivid. Ouyang Xiu has made great achievements in Confucian classics, history and epigraphy. He studied The Book of Songs, The Book of Changes and The Spring and Autumn Annals, and put forward his own unique views. Historical attainments are deeper than Confucian classics. He not only participated in the compilation of the 250-volume Book of the New Tang Dynasty, but also wrote the History of the New Five Dynasties, summarizing the historical experience of the Five Dynasties, in order to serve as a warning. He was diligent in collecting and sorting out stone products and inscriptions from the Zhou Dynasty to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and edited them into a special archaeological data set-Jigulu. Ouyang Xiu plays an important role in the history of China literature. He vigorously advocated the poetry innovation movement, reformed the formalism style of writing and poetry from the late Tang Dynasty to the early Song Dynasty, and achieved remarkable results. Because of his political status and great achievements in prose creation, his position in the Song Dynasty was similar to that of Han Yu in the Tang Dynasty. He recommended and guided Wang Anshi, Ceng Gong, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe and other essayists, which had a great influence on their prose creation. His plain style of writing has always influenced the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Ouyang Xiu's works are the complete works of Ouyang Wenzhong, and his life stories are supplemented by the Complete Works of Lu Wenzhong's Chronicle, a poet of the Song Dynasty. In addition, Yang Ximin's Chronicle of Ouyang Wenzhong and Hua Jiheng's Updated Chronicle of Ouyang Wenzhong have written more than 500 works and made remarkable achievements. His political essays spread and spread the excellent elements of Confucianism that care about the national economy and people's livelihood and serve the political struggle, such as The Book with Gauss, The Theory of Partisan, The Preface of Historians of the Five Dynasties, etc. Prose describing scenery and narrating by borrowing things are swaying. Preface to Shi Mi's Poems, Zuiweng Pavilion and Longgang Hidden Watch are all excellent works in this field. Ouyang Xiu's Fu is also very distinctive. His Ode to Autumn Sound adopts prose syntax, which makes the autumn night vivid and sensible, and changes the "metrical style" of Fu since the Tang Dynasty into "prose style", which is of great significance in the development of Fu. Ouyang Xiu is also a great scholar. Together with Song Qi (998 ~ 1O63), he edited the Book of the Tang Dynasty and wrote the History of the Five Dynasties, which was later called the Book of the New Tang Dynasty and the History of the New Five Dynasties. Ouyang Xiu inherited Han Yu's tradition of "speaking in sequence", but avoided Han Yu's strange style, and his prose was rich and fluent. Concise narration, good writing style and thoughtful discussion; The composition is tortuous and compact, and the sentences are light and round. This plain prose style played an exemplary role at that time. Ouyang Xiu's poetry achievement is not as good as prose, but it is also extraordinary. He "takes prose as poetry" Popular and fluent. Some ancient poems are not poetic, but some modern poems are both interesting and meaningful. In content, some of his poems reflect the pain of people's lives at that time. It has certain social significance. For example, in answering Yang Zijing's long sentence of praying for rain, he described the social reality of "the military and horses have not moved, single spark can start a prairie fire" and "the civil office is often empty"; "Eating Bad People" revealed that officials "drink official wine and coke every day". And the unreasonable phenomenon that people "spend winter and spring without porridge at the bottom of the kettle". But his purpose in writing these poems is clear: "Because Yin Jun told me widely, I took the advice and collected poems for me." In order to persuade the ruling class to improve politics and maintain feudal order. Other poems mostly express the poet's life feelings, such as "Thrushcross Birds": "A hundred tones follow, the mountains are red and purple; I realized that it is better to sing freely in the forest than to listen to the golden cage. " He wrote about his yearning for nature and free life. Among the more than 800 poems handed down, most of them are official entertainment, giving answers from relatives and friends, etc. However, there are also some works that reflect people's miserable lives and expose the darkness of society, such as Eating Bad People and Border People. In addition, such as "Qu and the King" and "Harmony with Qu" all reprimanded the fatuity of the rulers and the mistakes of the country, and expressed sympathy for women's misfortune. He also has some poems, such as Thrushcross Birds, Playing Yuan Zhen and Sleeping in Yueyang, which give people a simple and kind feeling. Ouyang Xiu also studied Han Yu's poems and wrote some strange poems, such as Stone in Lingxi. However, he mainly studied the prose and argumentative characteristics of Han Yu's poems, corrected the shortcomings of his works with freshness, naturalness and fluency, and played a very good role in eliminating the floating style of Kunxi School. However, some poems tend to be informal, argumentative and slightly artistic. Ouyang Xiu was also one of the famous poets in the Northern Song Dynasty. There are more than 200 European words in "Liu Yici" and "Drunken Man's Musical Interest", most of which describe love. Different from the solemn Confucian face in his prose and poems, his words are touching and romantic, such as the last two sentences of Tasha Xing, "Farewell to sorrow, the distance is like spring water", which are touching and sincere. There are also works that directly express personal ambitions in European words, mostly in the later period. He wrote 10 poem [picking mulberry seeds] about Yingzhou West Lake, which showed his free and easy feelings and feelings of self-comfort. [St. Worry-Free] "World Road Storm Risk" and so on are not all pessimistic moans. Some of Ouyang Xiu's poems developed in the direction of simplicity and elegance, washing away the red tape and rich flavor of the late Tang and Five Dynasties. This shows that the author began to break through the traditional theme and expression of ci, echoing the poetic innovation movement from a distance, and had a certain influence on Su Shi's bold school and Qin Guan's graceful school. Feng Xu said that he "looked at the future with his eyes open, looked at the future with his eyes open, and traveled less" (Sixty-one Cases of Song Ci), which summarized Ouyang Xiu's position in the development of Song Ci. In addition, Ouyang Xiu also broke the strict metrical form of Fu style and wrote some essays. His famous Ode to Autumn Sound is comparable to Su Shi's Ode to the Red Wall, which has been circulated for thousands of years. Ouyang Xiu also made great achievements in poetry theory. In Preface to Mei Poetry, he put forward the argument that "poetry is poor before writing", which revealed the close relationship between life and creation, and was of universal significance in literary theory. His Poem on June 1st discusses poetry in the form of essays, which is the first of its kind. Ouyang Xiu read widely all his life, and his articles were the best in the world. He is well versed in literature and history, and has made great contributions to the reform of writing style in Song Dynasty, ranking among the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. Ouyang Xiu also made great achievements in historiography. Together with Song Qi and others, he compiled History of the Five Dynasties (New History of the Five Dynasties) and Book of the Tang Dynasty (New Book of the Tang Dynasty). Ouyang Xiu's calligraphy is also world-famous, and his calligraphy is deeply influenced by Yan Zhenqing. Zhu Yue said, "Ouyang Gong's calligraphy is like a man. If he travels abroad well, he is strong in China." . This prose master is also a pioneer in epigraphy research, editing and sorting out thousands of epigraphy articles, and writing more than 400 articles in ten volumes, referred to as "Collection of Ancient Records". Among them, there are more than 20 inscriptions, most of which are stone carvings. This is the earliest extant epigraphy work. His only son, Ouyang Fa, once made a statistic, and there are nearly 20 kinds of books, of which only 13 are included or preserved in Sikuquanshu. The current collection of Ouyang Wenzhong's official documents and the collection of Wen Zhong 153 in Sikuquanshu are relatively complete, and the fifth volume in the appendix is relatively complete. Ouyang Xiu's works are The Complete Works of Ouyang Wenzhong and The Collection of Ouyang Wenzhong. The chronology of Ouyang Xiu's life events is the eighth year of Renzong Tiansheng (1030), a scholar. The following year, he was appointed as an official of Xijing (now Luoyang) and became a close friend of Mei He, exchanging poems with each other. In the first year of Jingyou (1034), the bachelor's college was called, Xuandelang was appointed, and the pavilion was filled for collation. In the third year of Jingyou, Fan Zhongyan was demoted to Raozhou for criticizing the current politics in the previous chapter, and Ouyang Xiu defended him and was demoted to Yiling (now Yichang, Hubei) county magistrate. In the first year of Kangding (1040), Ouyang Xiu was recalled to Beijing, and was appointed as the proofreader of Guange, which was later called the suggestion court. In the third year of Li Qing (1043), Fan Zhongyan, Han Qi, Fu Bi and others promoted the "Qingli New Deal", and Ouyang Xiu participated in the innovation and put forward the idea of reforming the official administration, military affairs and tribute law. In five years, Fan, Han and Fu were successively demoted, and Ouyang Xiu was also demoted as the magistrate of Chuzhou (now Chuzhou, Anhui). Later, Yangzhou, Yingzhou (now Fuyang, Anhui) and Yingtianfu (now Shangqiu, Henan) were also known. In the first year of you (1049), he returned to Korea and successively served as a bachelor of Hanlin and a historian. Co-edited the Book of the New Tang Dynasty with Song Qi and taught himself the history of the Five Dynasties. In August, the first year of He Zhi (1054), he entered Beijing with a letter, and he was a fellow of Song Qi's New Tang Book. In February of the second year of Jiayou (1057), Ouyang Xiu presided over the Jinshi examination as a bachelor of Hanlin, advocated plain writing style, and admitted Su Shi, Su Zhe, Ceng Gong and others. This has a great influence on the change of writing style in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the fifth year of Jiayou (1060), Ouyang Xiu paid homage to the parliament. The following year, he was appointed to participate in political affairs. Later, he successively served as the minister of punishments and the minister of war. For two years (1065), the above post request is not allowed. In the following two or three years, he resigned many times because of being slandered by Jiang and others, but he was not allowed. In the second year of Zong Shenxi Ning (1069), Wang Anshi implemented the new law. Ouyang xiu opposed the young crops law and did not implement it. In the third year of Xining (1070), except for the post of ambassador of Taibao South Hospital, he insisted on not accepting it and changed the prefecture to Cai Zhou (now runan county, Henan). This year, he changed his name to "Six-One Lay Man". In June of the fourth year of Xining (107 1), he resigned as Prince Shao Shi and lived in Yingzhou. Zong Shenxi Ning died at home in the fifth year (1072) and died in Wen.