First author
The first author is usually a student/researcher who undertakes research work. The first author is often called the main author. He/she is responsible for actually conducting research with co-authors or colleagues from the same working group who may help him/her in the research work. He/she is also responsible for analyzing data and preparing manuscripts.
At present, almost all professional title documents require applicants to rank the topics of their papers. Generally speaking, the most common requirement is that the applicant should be the first author or correspondent, and the first author is more common.
But there are always some strange phenomena around us. For example, some institutions list the actual author of the experiment as the second author. In my opinion, this is immoral or unfair, and students are all victims of this situation.
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corresponding author
Correspondents are usually senior authors who provide intellectual input, design and approve protocols to be followed in research. Be responsible for the revision and proofreading of the manuscript during the submission of the paper, and handle the revision and re-submission of the manuscript until the manuscript is accepted (of course, these tasks also require the participation of the first author and even other authors).
In authors rank, the correspondent can be any author of a paper. For example, there are several authors in a paper, and the correspondent can be any one of them. In other words, the communication author can be the first, second, third, fourth author, etc. However, the general habit of most foreign articles is to list the correspondent as the last author.
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Other authors
In addition to the first author and correspondent, a paper can also contact many authors and units. An author can also hang multiple units. How to arrange authors and units is a combinatorial optimization problem, which will be discussed later.
For those who are not qualified to sign, but do contribute to the research results, they can express their gratitude by means of "thanks" or "footnotes". Objects that cannot be listed as authors but can be thanked usually include: experimenters who assist in research; A person who gives guidance; Facilities or personnel (instruments, inspections, etc.). ) conduct research work; Projects or categories funded by the fund (but it is not appropriate to list the amount of funding); A person who gives advice, comments and other help in the process of writing a paper.
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