Let the readers feel for themselves.
Question 2: What is a thesis? I really don't understand. How to write? Unlike writing a composition, what is it and how to write it? In order to point out the research object, content and purpose of the paper, the general title is supplemented and explained, and some papers can also be subtitled. In particular, some controversial papers generally have a subtitle, such as adding a subtitle similar to "discussing with XX" under the general title.
In addition, in order to emphasize a key point of the paper, a subtitle can be added. For example, how to treat the difference of labor remuneration at the present stage ―― and discuss the bourgeois rights in distribution according to work, develop protein resources and improve the utilization efficiency of protein ―― and explore the development strategy to solve the problem of eating.
The main purpose of setting the subtitle is to clearly show the level of the article. Some use words, which generally express the central content of this level; Some also use numbers, which only indicate the order of "one, two, three", and play the role of connecting the preceding with the following. It should be noted that no matter which form is adopted, it should be closely related to the content of the level and closely related to the top and bottom.
catalogue
Generally speaking, long graduation thesis has no subtitle. Papers with subheadings generally have a table of contents because of their multi-level content and complex theoretical system.
The purpose of establishing a directory is mainly to:
1. Let readers have a general understanding of the content and structure of the full text before reading this article, so that readers can decide whether to read it, whether to read it intensively or skim it.
2. It is convenient for readers to choose a sub-argument in the text. A long paper has many sub-arguments besides the central argument. When readers need to know more about a sub-argument, they can rely on the table of contents to save time.
The table of contents is usually placed in front of the text of the paper, so it is the guide map of the paper. To make the directory really play the role of a guide map, we must pay attention to:
1. Exactly. The content must be consistent with the outline of the full text. In other words, the title, subtitle and content of this paper are one-to-one correspondence.
2. Clear and correct. The table of contents should be marked with the page number of the table of contents one by one in the text. Page numbers must be clear and correct.
3. complete. Because the table of contents is the guide map of the paper, it must be complete. In other words, all the contents of the article should be reflected in the catalogue and must not be omitted.
There are two basic types of directories:
1. Text directory.
2. Digital catalogue. This kind of catalogue is rare. However, it is easy for readers to read long speeches, and some of them use this method.
abstract
Abstract is the epitome of the full text. Here, the author outlines the overall appearance of the full text with extremely economical pen and ink; Put forward the main arguments, reveal the research results of the paper, and briefly describe the framework of the full text.
Abstract is an accessory part of the text, usually placed at the beginning of the paper.
The purpose of writing the executive summary is to:
1. In order to make the instructor have a general understanding of the main contents of the article before reviewing the full text of the paper, and know the main results and main logical order of the research.
2. In order to let other readers understand the problems studied by the author by reading the executive summary, if there is a curse, they should read the full text further. Here, the abstract has become an "advertisement" to recommend papers to many readers.
Therefore, it is necessary to prompt the main points of the paper so that readers can understand the main points of the paper at a glance. The abstract of the paper should be concise and comprehensive, and should not be too verbose to grasp the main points or just a few dry ribs, lacking materials to explain the views.
Executive summary can be divided into reportable summary and indicative summary.
The report summary mainly introduces the main methods and results of the study and the analysis of the results, and gives a comprehensive hint to the content of the article.
Indicative summary only briefly describes the research results (data, opinions, opinions, conclusions, etc.). ), and does not involve research means, methods, processes, etc. Graduation thesis generally adopts indicative abstract.
Question 3: How to write, present facts and reason about the reading experience of the original reading guide in practical teaching? This part is the original part of the argumentative paper, which is the basic point of view.
The elaboration of the point (that is, the central argument) proves the correctness of the point of view by putting facts and reasoning, which makes the argument more prominent.
Come out, more convincing. In this process, we should pay attention to facts and reasoning, and we must closely focus on the foundation.
This view serves the basic point of view.
Question 4: How to write the paper? How to write a paper
I. Title
The title is the eye of the article. The titles of various articles have many styles, but no matter what form, they always reflect the author's writing intention and the main idea of the article in all or different aspects. The title of graduation thesis is generally divided into general title, sub-title and sub-title.
(1) general title
The general title is the embodiment of the overall content of the article. Common writing methods are:
(1) reveals the essence of the theme. This title form, which highly summarizes the content of the full text, is often the central argument of the article. It has a high degree of clarity, which is convenient for readers to grasp the core of the full text. Such titles are many and common. For example, on economic system model, on economic center, and my opinion on the reform of county-level administrative institutions.
2 types of questions. In fact, the author's point of view is very clear, but the meaning is euphemistic and needs readers to think. This form of title is easy to attract readers' attention because of its implied point of view. For example, "Is the family contract system a single job?" Is commodity economy equal to capitalist economy? "and so on.
(2) explain the scope of content. This form of title, from its own point of view, does not see the author's point of view, but only limits the scope of the article. On the one hand, it is difficult to summarize the main points of the article in one sentence; On the other hand, explaining the scope of the article can attract the attention of peers and readers, so as to attract * * *. This form of address is also very common. For example, the two-tier management system in rural areas of China, correctly handling the relationship between the central government and local governments, and the analysis of post-war western trade liberalization, etc.
4. Use judgment sentences. This title form limits the content of the full text and is flexible. The research object of this paper is specific and small, but the extended ideas must be strong and broad. This kind of title focuses on small things and big things, which is conducive to the expansion of scientific thinking and scientific research. For example, we can see the light of hope in rural China from the rise of township enterprises, scientific and technological progress and agricultural economy, and see the essence of beauty from the perspective of creating beauty through labor.
⑤ Use visualized sentences. Such as inspiring management system, dawn in the history of science and technology, and shining theory.
There are many styles of titles, and the author can make bold innovations in practice.
(2) Subtitles and Subtitles
In order to point out the research object, content and purpose of the paper, the general title can be supplemented and explained, and some papers can also be subtitled. In particular, some argumentative papers generally have a subtitle, such as adding a subtitle such as "discussing with XX" under the general title.
In addition, in order to emphasize a key point of the paper, a subtitle can be added. For example, how to treat the difference of labor remuneration at the present stage ―― and discuss the bourgeois rights in distribution according to work, develop protein resources and improve the utilization efficiency of protein ―― and explore the development strategy to solve the problem of eating.
The main purpose of setting the subtitle is to clearly show the level of the article. Some use words, which generally express the central content of this level; Some also use numbers, which only indicate the order of "one, two, three", and play the role of connecting the preceding with the following. It should be noted that no matter which form is adopted, it is closely related to the content of the hierarchy and the close relationship between the upper and lower levels.
There are three requirements for the topic: first, it must be clear. It is necessary to reveal the scope or argument of the topic, so that people can know the general outline of the article, the main content of the discussion and the author's writing intention after reading the topic, instead of specious, hiding the head and revealing the tail, and playing hide-and-seek with readers. Second, be concise. The topic of the paper should not be too long. If it is too long, it will make people feel cumbersome and cumbersome, and they will not get a clear impression, thus affecting the overall evaluation of the article. Don't be too abstract and empty, and don't use very useful or invented words in the title, so as not to make readers feel like a sea of smoke when they see the title, and they can only understand it after reading the text completely. Third, it must be novel. The title, like the content and form of the article, should have its own uniqueness. Not unconventional, unconventional, fascinating and pleasing to the eye, thus arousing readers' interest in reading.
Second, the directory
Generally speaking, long graduation thesis has no subtitle. Papers with subheadings generally have a table of contents because of their multi-level content and complex theoretical system.
The purpose of establishing a directory is mainly to:
1. enables readers to ... >>
Question 5: How to write a' reading guide' for an article, such as how to write the following article? Can someone help? Modern China (A.D. 1840- 1949)
The modern history of China began at 1840 and ended at 1949. 1840 the opium war to 19 19 the eve of the may 4th movement was the stage of the old democratic revolution. From the May 4th Movement in 19 19 to the eve of the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1949, it was the stage of the new democratic revolution. The whole modern history of China is the history of China becoming a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.
The modern history of China began with the outbreak of the Opium War between China and Britain in 1840 and ended with the collapse of the Nanjing regime in 1949. It has experienced the late Qing Dynasty, the temporary period of the Republic of China, the period of Beiyang warlords and the period of national * * *, which is a history in which the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society in China gradually formed and went to collapse.
/kloc-In the middle of the 9th century, Britain, France and other western powers successively launched wars of aggression against China, and China's independence and territorial integrity were constantly undermined, and the contradiction between western powers and the Chinese nation intensified. After the 1970s, the invasion of China by foreign powers intensified, and the crisis of the Chinese nation became more and more serious.
Before the Opium War, China was an independent feudal country. However, due to the decadent, arrogant and complacent feudal landlord regime in the Qing Dynasty, they were completely unaware that they had gradually fallen behind. So the feudal system is at stake. Because Lin Zexu destroyed opium in Humen, Britain took the opportunity to invade China, but its essence was to open the China market and sell opium. 1948+0842, Britain forced the Qing Dynasty to sign the Sino-British treaty of nanking, and China became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. After the Opium War, western capitalist powers exported a lot of goods and capital to China through unequal treaties, which gradually impacted the feudal economy of China.
1840, foreign capitalism opened the door of ancient China with strong ships and guns. The Opium War, the Sino-French War, the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 and Eight-Nation Alliance's war of aggression against China were disasters imposed on the Chinese nation one after another. In the past century, almost all capitalist countries in the world launched one or even many wars of aggression against China. There are open invasions and undeclared wars; Individual invasions and even joint looting forced China to sign thousands of unequal treaties. Through these unequal treaties, capitalist powers fostered feudal forces as a tool to rule China; Eating and annexing the territory of China; Sending troops to control and steal China's military territory; Divide the sphere of influence; Control important trading ports and establish concessions; Exercise consular jurisdiction and unilateral MFN treatment; Extortion of huge reparations through war; Dumping goods and exporting capital in China. Colonialism promoted by foreign capitalist powers caused great social, political, economic and cultural turmoil in China, and China gradually became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. Since then, the people of China have waged a long-term indomitable struggle to get rid of the oppression of foreign capitalism and domestic feudalism.
Since 1840, the crisis of national subjugation and extinction has been threatening this thousand-year-old country. When the Chinese nation was in danger, a generation of national elites woke up: Wei Yuan and others "learned from foreigners to control foreigners"; Anti-Qing peasant uprising led by Hong Xiuquan; Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao's "reform is strong"; Sun yat-sen's national revolution. It was they who stood up at the critical juncture of national life and death, bravely fought against foreign aggression, and strived for national independence and liberation, and wrote an epic and tragic chapter in China's modern history.
185 1 year, Hong Xiuquan called on the peasants to declare an uprising in Jintian and establish the title of "Taiping Heavenly Kingdom". /kloc-in the spring of 0/853, the Taiping Army occupied Nanjing, renamed Nanjing Tianjing and made its capital, and formally established the peasant regime to fight against the Qing Dynasty. 1856, Taiping army destroyed Jiangnan camp and lifted the siege of Tianjing. The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom reached its military heyday. 1In the summer of 864, Hong Xiuquan died of illness. Soon, Tianjing fell and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement failed.
1856, Britain proposed to revise Sino-British treaty of nanking, which was rejected by the Qing Dynasty. Britain took this opportunity to provoke the Second Opium War. The British and French allied forces invaded China this time, and the United States and Russia were accomplices. Although the Second Opium War had nothing to do with opium, its essence was the same as the Opium War, so it was called the Second Opium War.
After the defeat of China in the Second Opium War, the Qing court was forced to sign the Tianjin Treaty with Russia (June 3), the United States (June 18), Britain (June 26) and France (June 27) and the Aihui Treaty with Russia in 1858.
1860, the British and French allied forces captured Tianjin again, burning and looting all the way, and Emperor Xianfeng fled to chengde mountain resort, leaving it alone ...
Question 6: What is reading a thesis? How to write? I will help you prepare in advance.
Question 7: How to write the paper? How to write a paper
I. Title
The title is the eye of the article. The titles of various articles have many styles, but no matter what form, they always reflect the author's writing intention and the main idea of the article in all or different aspects. The title of graduation thesis is generally divided into general title, sub-title and sub-title.
(1) general title
The general title is the embodiment of the overall content of the article. Common writing methods are:
(1) reveals the essence of the theme. This title form, which highly summarizes the content of the full text, is often the central argument of the article. It has a high degree of clarity, which is convenient for readers to grasp the core of the full text. Such titles are many and common. For example, on economic system model, on economic center, and my opinion on the reform of county-level administrative institutions.
2 types of questions. In fact, the author's point of view is very clear, but the meaning is euphemistic and needs readers to think. This form of title is easy to attract readers' attention because of its implied point of view. For example, "Is the family contract system a single job?" Is commodity economy equal to capitalist economy? "and so on.
(2) explain the scope of content. This form of title, from its own point of view, does not see the author's point of view, but only limits the scope of the article. On the one hand, it is difficult to summarize the main points of the article in one sentence; On the other hand, explaining the scope of the article can attract the attention of peers and readers, so as to attract * * *. This form of address is also very common. For example, the two-tier management system in rural areas of China, correctly handling the relationship between the central government and local governments, and the analysis of post-war western trade liberalization, etc.
4. Use judgment sentences. This title form limits the content of the full text and is flexible. The research object of this paper is specific and small, but the extended ideas must be strong and broad. This kind of title focuses on small things and big things, which is conducive to the expansion of scientific thinking and scientific research. For example, we can see the light of hope in rural China from the rise of township enterprises, scientific and technological progress and agricultural economy, and see the essence of beauty from the perspective of creating beauty through labor.
⑤ Use visualized sentences. Such as inspiring management system, dawn in the history of science and technology, and shining theory.
There are many styles of titles, and the author can make bold innovations in practice.
(2) Subtitles and Subtitles
In order to point out the research object, content and purpose of the paper, the general title can be supplemented and explained, and some papers can also be subtitled. In particular, some argumentative papers generally have a subtitle, such as adding a subtitle such as "discussing with XX" under the general title.
In addition, in order to emphasize a key point of the paper, a subtitle can be added. For example, how to treat the difference of labor remuneration at the present stage ―― and discuss the bourgeois rights in distribution according to work, develop protein resources and improve the utilization efficiency of protein ―― and explore the development strategy to solve the problem of eating.
The main purpose of setting the subtitle is to clearly show the level of the article. Some use words, which generally express the central content of this level; Some also use numbers, which only indicate the order of "one, two, three", and play the role of connecting the preceding with the following. It should be noted that no matter which form is adopted, it is closely related to the content of the hierarchy and the close relationship between the upper and lower levels.
There are three requirements for the topic: first, it must be clear. It is necessary to reveal the scope or argument of the topic, so that people can know the general outline of the article, the main content of the discussion and the author's writing intention after reading the topic, instead of specious, hiding the head and revealing the tail, and playing hide-and-seek with readers. Second, be concise. The topic of the paper should not be too long. If it is too long, it will make people feel cumbersome and cumbersome, and they will not get a clear impression, thus affecting the overall evaluation of the article. Don't be too abstract and empty, and don't use very useful or invented words in the title, so as not to make readers feel like a sea of smoke when they see the title, and they can only understand it after reading the text completely. Third, it must be novel. The title, like the content and form of the article, should have its own uniqueness. Not unconventional, unconventional, fascinating and pleasing to the eye, thus arousing readers' interest in reading.
Second, the directory
Generally speaking, long graduation thesis has no subtitle. Papers with subheadings generally have a table of contents because of their multi-level content and complex theoretical system.
The purpose of establishing a directory is mainly to:
1. enables readers to ... >>
Question 8: What is a thesis? I really don't understand. How to write? Unlike writing a composition, what is it and how to write it? In order to point out the research object, content and purpose of the paper, the general title is supplemented and explained, and some papers can also be subtitled. In particular, some controversial papers generally have a subtitle, such as adding a subtitle similar to "discussing with XX" under the general title.
In addition, in order to emphasize a key point of the paper, a subtitle can be added. For example, how to treat the difference of labor remuneration at the present stage ―― and discuss the bourgeois rights in distribution according to work, develop protein resources and improve the utilization efficiency of protein ―― and explore the development strategy to solve the problem of eating.
The main purpose of setting the subtitle is to clearly show the level of the article. Some use words, which generally express the central content of this level; Some also use numbers, which only indicate the order of "one, two, three", and play the role of connecting the preceding with the following. It should be noted that no matter which form is adopted, it should be closely related to the content of the level and closely related to the top and bottom.
catalogue
Generally speaking, long graduation thesis has no subtitle. Papers with subheadings generally have a table of contents because of their multi-level content and complex theoretical system.
The purpose of establishing a directory is mainly to:
1. Let readers have a general understanding of the content and structure of the full text before reading this article, so that readers can decide whether to read it, whether to read it intensively or skim it.
2. It is convenient for readers to choose a sub-argument in the text. A long paper has many sub-arguments besides the central argument. When readers need to know more about a sub-argument, they can rely on the table of contents to save time.
The table of contents is usually placed in front of the text of the paper, so it is the guide map of the paper. To make the directory really play the role of a guide map, we must pay attention to:
1. Exactly. The content must be consistent with the outline of the full text. In other words, the title, subtitle and content of this paper are one-to-one correspondence.
2. Clear and correct. The table of contents should be marked with the page number of the table of contents one by one in the text. Page numbers must be clear and correct.
3. complete. Because the table of contents is the guide map of the paper, it must be complete. In other words, all the contents of the article should be reflected in the catalogue and must not be omitted.
There are two basic types of directories:
1. Text directory.
2. Digital catalogue. This kind of catalogue is rare. However, it is easy for readers to read long speeches, and some of them use this method.
abstract
Abstract is the epitome of the full text. Here, the author outlines the overall appearance of the full text with extremely economical pen and ink; Put forward the main arguments, reveal the research results of the paper, and briefly describe the framework of the full text.
Abstract is an accessory part of the text, usually placed at the beginning of the paper.
The purpose of writing the executive summary is to:
1. In order to make the instructor have a general understanding of the main contents of the article before reviewing the full text of the paper, and know the main results and main logical order of the research.
2. In order to let other readers understand the problems studied by the author by reading the executive summary, if there is a curse, they should read the full text further. Here, the abstract has become an "advertisement" to recommend papers to many readers.
Therefore, it is necessary to prompt the main points of the paper so that readers can understand the main points of the paper at a glance. The abstract of the paper should be concise and comprehensive, and should not be too verbose to grasp the main points or just a few dry ribs, lacking materials to explain the views.
Executive summary can be divided into reportable summary and indicative summary.
The report summary mainly introduces the main methods and results of the study and the analysis of the results, and gives a comprehensive hint to the content of the article.
Indicative summary only briefly describes the research results (data, opinions, opinions, conclusions, etc.). ), and does not involve research means, methods, processes, etc. Graduation thesis generally adopts indicative abstract.
Question 9: How to write, present facts and reason about the reading experience of the original reading guide in practical teaching? This part is the original part of the argumentative paper, which is the basic point of view.
The elaboration of the point (that is, the central argument) proves the correctness of the point of view by putting facts and reasoning, which makes the argument more prominent.
Come out, more convincing. In this process, we should pay attention to facts and reasoning, and we must closely focus on the foundation.
This view serves the basic point of view.
Question 10: How to write a' reading guide' for an article, such as how to write the following article? Can someone help? Modern China (A.D. 1840- 1949)
The modern history of China began at 1840 and ended at 1949. 1840 the opium war to 19 19 the eve of the may 4th movement was the stage of the old democratic revolution. From the May 4th Movement in 19 19 to the eve of the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1949, it was the stage of the new democratic revolution. The whole modern history of China is the history of China becoming a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.
The modern history of China began with the outbreak of the Opium War between China and Britain in 1840 and ended with the collapse of the Nanjing regime in 1949. It has experienced the late Qing Dynasty, the temporary period of the Republic of China, the period of Beiyang warlords and the period of national * * *, which is a history in which the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society in China gradually formed and went to collapse.
/kloc-In the middle of the 9th century, Britain, France and other western powers successively launched wars of aggression against China, and China's independence and territorial integrity were constantly undermined, and the contradiction between western powers and the Chinese nation intensified. After the 1970s, the invasion of China by foreign powers intensified, and the crisis of the Chinese nation became more and more serious.
Before the Opium War, China was an independent feudal country. However, due to the decadent, arrogant and complacent feudal landlord regime in the Qing Dynasty, they were completely unaware that they had gradually fallen behind. So the feudal system is at stake. Because Lin Zexu destroyed opium in Humen, Britain took the opportunity to invade China, but its essence was to open the China market and sell opium. 1948+0842, Britain forced the Qing Dynasty to sign the Sino-British treaty of nanking, and China became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. After the Opium War, western capitalist powers exported a lot of goods and capital to China through unequal treaties, which gradually impacted the feudal economy of China.
1840, foreign capitalism opened the door of ancient China with strong ships and guns. The Opium War, the Sino-French War, the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 and Eight-Nation Alliance's war of aggression against China were disasters imposed on the Chinese nation one after another. In the past century, almost all capitalist countries in the world launched one or even many wars of aggression against China. There are open invasions and undeclared wars; Individual invasions and even joint looting forced China to sign thousands of unequal treaties. Through these unequal treaties, capitalist powers fostered feudal forces as a tool to rule China; Eating and annexing the territory of China; Sending troops to control and steal China's military territory; Divide the sphere of influence; Control important trading ports and establish concessions; Exercise consular jurisdiction and unilateral MFN treatment; Extortion of huge reparations through war; Dumping goods and exporting capital in China. Colonialism promoted by foreign capitalist powers caused great social, political, economic and cultural turmoil in China, and China gradually became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. Since then, the people of China have waged a long-term indomitable struggle to get rid of the oppression of foreign capitalism and domestic feudalism.
Since 1840, the crisis of national subjugation and extinction has been threatening this thousand-year-old country. When the Chinese nation was in danger, a generation of national elites woke up: Wei Yuan and others "learned from foreigners to control foreigners"; Anti-Qing peasant uprising led by Hong Xiuquan; Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao's "reform is strong"; Sun yat-sen's national revolution. It was they who stood up at the critical juncture of national life and death, bravely fought against foreign aggression, and strived for national independence and liberation, and wrote an epic and tragic chapter in China's modern history.
185 1 year, Hong Xiuquan called on the peasants to declare an uprising in Jintian and establish the title of "Taiping Heavenly Kingdom". /kloc-in the spring of 0/853, the Taiping Army occupied Nanjing, renamed Nanjing Tianjing and made its capital, and formally established the peasant regime to fight against the Qing Dynasty. 1856, Taiping army destroyed Jiangnan camp and lifted the siege of Tianjing. The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom reached its military heyday. 1In the summer of 864, Hong Xiuquan died of illness. Soon, Tianjing fell and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement failed.
1856, Britain proposed to revise Sino-British treaty of nanking, which was rejected by the Qing Dynasty. Britain took this opportunity to provoke the Second Opium War. The British and French allied forces invaded China this time, and the United States and Russia were accomplices. Although the Second Opium War had nothing to do with opium, its essence was the same as the Opium War, so it was called the Second Opium War.
After the defeat of China in the Second Opium War, the Qing court was forced to sign the Tianjin Treaty with Russia (June 3), the United States (June 18), Britain (June 26) and France (June 27) and the Aihui Treaty with Russia in 1858.
1860, the British and French allied forces captured Tianjin again, burning and looting all the way, and Emperor Xianfeng fled to chengde mountain resort, leaving it alone ...