1, graphic schematic diagram

Illustrations in scientific papers are mainly used to assist the expression of words, especially to express the contents that are difficult to explain clearly in words. In order to simplify the drawing and highlight the theme, this expression is often schematic and usually does not use the general drawing, assembly drawing and part drawing in mechanical drawing.

Architectural drawings do not use design drawings and construction drawings, and generally do not use specific structural drawings, but use structural schematic diagrams; Functional diagrams are not as precise and detailed as those in design or calculation manuals, and most of them are simplified coordinate diagrams.

2. Scientific content

Illustrations of scientific papers should truly reflect the essence of things, pay attention to science and seriousness, and should not be fabricated or fictional, and should not be "created" or "fictional" without experiment or practice; The whole illustration and its details must reflect the real form, changing law, order and quantitative relationship of things, and it is not allowed to make choices and fabrications that violate the essential characteristics of things at will.

3. Flexibility of trade-offs

The illustrations of scientific papers can be original records, physical photos, microscopic photos, or comprehensive analysis charts after data processing, with a wide range of choices, and the choice of their types depends entirely on the content expression; Anything that can be easily expressed in words.

Don't use illustrations to express; In order to highlight the theme, save layout and reduce drawing time, if it can be represented by local or outline symbols, there is no need for realistic drawings such as overall drawings and photo drawings.

Classification of illustrations

1, draw a line

Line diagram can be divided into function diagram, scatter diagram, isoline diagram, straight line diagram, histogram, composition diagram, recorded spectrum diagram, map and schematic diagram, which includes structural schematic diagram, working schematic diagram (or flow diagram), system block diagram, computer program diagram, network diagram and so on. Among them, the standardization requirements of function curves are the most comprehensive and widely used.

2, photo map

A photograph is a reproduction of a physical photograph or a microscopic photograph, which has the characteristics of vivid image and strong three-dimensional sense. It is often used in situations where it is necessary to distinguish the depth difference, contrast between light and shade and level change of things, and to reflect the external appearance or internal microstructure of objects. Photos are divided into black and white photos and color photos.

Black and white photos are widely used in scientific papers because of their good description effect, convenient plate making and low cost. Common black-and-white photos include physical photos, infrared thermograms and micrographs.