The superscript of references, that is, quoting footnotes or endnotes, is a supplementary explanation to the text. Footnotes are generally located at the bottom of the page and can be used as comments on the contents of the document; Endnotes are generally located at the end of the document, listing the source of quotations, etc. Since it is a description of the text, it should be placed in the place where the text is explained, that is, before the period.

Literally, a reference is a document cited in the writing process, such as an article or a book. However, according to the definition of GB/T 77 14-20 15, the reference after the text refers to the relevant literature information resources cited for writing or editing papers and works. According to the requirements of "China Academic Journals (CD-ROM Edition) Retrieval and Evaluation Data Standard (Trial)" and "China Social Science Journals Arrangement Standard (Revised Edition)", many publications distinguish between references and annotations, and define annotations as "words that further explain or supplement a certain content in the text", which are listed at the end of the article, separated from references or placed in the footer. Cross-references are placed before periods in text.

Extended data:

A paper generally consists of title, author, abstract, keywords, text, references and appendices, some of which (such as appendices) are dispensable.

Thesis references are the main documents that can be referenced or cited in research and writing, and are listed at the end of the paper. References should be marked on a new page according to GB77 14-87 "Description Rules of References at the End of Documents".

References:

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