Procrastination means "putting off the past until tomorrow". Procrastination is always manifested in various trivial matters, but it accumulates over time, which especially affects personal development. Procrastination has become an important topic for managers and psychologists.

This word first appeared in Edward Twitchell Hall Jr's book 1542.

Almost at the same time, in China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, a scholar named Qian Hetan wrote the well-known Song of Tomorrow: "Tomorrow is tomorrow, and tomorrow is more than that. I will live tomorrow and everything will be fine. " In the process of translating the Bible from Greek into English, procrastination is translated into "sin". It was not until after the industrial revolution that procrastination gradually took on its present meaning, and it was considered as "a trait or behavioral tendency to avoid performing tasks or making decisions through procrastination, and a self-enclosed and dysfunctional behavior". However, "procrastination" has officially become a disease, and the research abroad has only been one or two decades.

Simply procrastinating or being lazy can only be defined as "procrastination", which is just a bad habit. It is not difficult to correct.

Procrastination can only be called "procrastination" when it has affected emotions, such as strong remorse, strong guilt, constant self-denial and self-degradation, accompanied by psychological diseases such as anxiety, depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. What is even more frightening is that many procrastinators even enjoy the feeling of suddenly relaxing after the deadline, and sometimes the result of procrastination is quite good. At this time, I will praise myself as "efficient" in my heart. At the same time, although I didn't want to admit it for a long time, I did subconsciously feel that it would be a very shameful thing if I spent a lot of time with people with average grades. So all this, all this, once again aggravated the delay.

The reason for folding and editing this paragraph

A person thinks that he can finish one thing in five days, so he doesn't worry at all when there are 15 days before the deadline, and he doesn't start until there are only five days left in the end. This sense of urgency and anxiety often inspires people's fighting spirit and makes them feel that they can only do things under pressure. When I finally get my grades, my grades are often not very bad, which strengthens my mentality that I am most suitable for working in a short-term high-pressure state before deadline, and constantly hints at my future behavior.

Study the paragraph of folding editing.

Folding expert research

Angela, a professor in the Department of Organizational Psychology at Columbia University, believes that "the situation that the task cannot be completed on time" belongs to negative procrastination. In Rethinking Procrastination: Positive Effects of "Positive Procrastination" in Attitude and Behavior, she divides procrastination into two states: negative procrastination and positive procrastination. In contrast, the latter tend to prefer to work under pressure, so that they can make more thoughtful decisions and implement them in time.

Besides anxiety and escape from control, perfectionism is usually associated with procrastination. Professor Ferrari believes that some procrastination behaviors are not the lack of ability or efforts of procrastinators, but a reflection of some form of perfectionism or perfectionism. Their common wish is "Give me more time and I can do better".

The research on procrastination is also procrastination. The research on "procrastination" abroad is only a matter of nearly one or two decades, but it has been lacking in China. The definition of "procrastination" has never been generally accepted by researchers, nor has it ever formed a complete theory. But procrastination is always there.

Study on physiological root of folding

At present (refer to 2009), the research on the physiological root of procrastination mostly focuses on the function of prefrontal cortex. This brain region is responsible for the executive functions of the brain, such as planning, impulse control and attention, and also acts as a filter to reduce scattered stimuli from other brain regions. Damage or low activity of prefrontal cortex will reduce the ability to filter out distracting stimuli, and then make the organizational ability of processing tasks worse.

Types of folding procrastination

Angela, a professor of organizational psychology at Columbia University, divides procrastination into two states: negative procrastination and positive procrastination. In contrast, the latter tend to prefer to work under pressure, so that they can make more thoughtful decisions and implement them in time.

Dr. Fleri defined three basic types of procrastinators:

* Encouragement, or looking for excitement, they expect the pleasure of being busy in the last few minutes.

* Avoidant type, they avoid the fear of failure, even the fear of success, but in fact they are very concerned about what others think of themselves, and they prefer others to think that he is not hardworking enough rather than incompetent and self-confident.

* Make up your mind, they can't make up their mind. You can avoid delay without making up your mind.

The main characteristics of folding editing this paragraph

1. No confidence. Because I can't reach my highest ability every time I finish the task, my evaluation of my ability will be lower and lower.

2. I am too busy. I've been putting it off because I've been busy.

3. Stubborn. It's no use rushing me. I'll start when I'm ready.

4. Manipulate others. It's no use worrying about them. Nothing can start before I arrive.

5. Fight stress. Because of the great pressure every day, things to be done have been put off.

6. The mentality of the victim. I don't know why I am like this. I can't do what others can do.

Fold and edit the specific performance of this paragraph.

1.20% people think they are long-term procrastinators. Procrastination is a way of life for them, although it is not suitable. This state is full of their lives. They can't pay their bills on time. They forgot to buy tickets for the concert. They didn't buy presents until the day before Christmas. ...

Procrastination is not unimportant, although usually we don't think it is a serious problem. In fact, it is a profound self-regulation problem. Usually we tolerate excuses for procrastination, which is also the root of the problem.

3. Procrastination is not a matter of time management or planning. Procrastination will not be different because of individuals' ability to predict time, although these people will be more optimistic. Professor Ferrari emphasized: "Making a procrastinator a planned person is like cheering up a person who has been depressed for a long time."

4. Procrastination is not innate. I learned it from people around me, but not directly. It may come from a powerful mentor, and procrastination may even be a kind of resistance. In this family environment, friends' tolerance for procrastinators will encourage this habit.

5. People who drag on drinking will have higher demand for alcohol. Procrastinators will drink more, which is a sign of self-regulation problems.

6. Procrastinators lie to themselves. For example, "I'd rather do it tomorrow" or "I can do it well under pressure", but this is not the case. Another lie of procrastinators is that time pressure will make them more creative. In fact, this is just their feeling. They are wasting their time.

7. Procrastinators are always looking for recreation, especially when they don't have to promise anything. Checking email is an excellent goal, and such things become a way for them to adjust their emotions (such as fear of failure).

8. Procrastination is not exactly the same. Procrastinators have different reasons, such as three basic procrastinators defined by Professor Ferrari.

9. The losses caused by procrastination are enormous. Health is one of them, and research shows that people who procrastinate are more likely to get sick. Procrastination can also affect people's mood and undermine teamwork.

10. Procrastination will change people's behavior, but it won't cost too much mental strength. This does not mean that an idea can be changed immediately. This problem can be solved by highly standardized cognitive behavioral therapy.

One of the concrete manifestations is: serious unpunctuality! Don't treat other people's time as time without a sense of time.

Persuading procrastinators is as difficult as making people with depression happy. Professor Ferrari believes that persuasion has little effect on procrastination patients, and the key is to make up your mind to get rid of procrastination inertia, which requires great spiritual motivation to complete. Try to combine the following tips of 10, which may be easier. Remember, every time you reach one of them, you are one step closer to success.

Shallow reasons for folding and editing this paragraph

1. It's too difficult.

It takes too much time.

3. No relevant knowledge and skills.

I am afraid that others will know that I can't do it well.

The underlying reasons for folding and editing this paragraph

1. perfectionism. Everything must reach a high level, and it must be done overnight, so I don't want to start in a hurry, I want to get everything ready.

Solution: tell yourself that the state is good enough to start. Encourage yourself every time you make progress. It's impossible to realize that you haven't made any mistakes. Great writers, poets and artists all finish their masterpieces intermittently, so can they.

2. Resistance and hostility. The teacher has a bad attitude towards me, so I don't like to do his homework.

Solution: realize that it is you who will suffer if you don't finish your homework. You can't influence your future just because of a teacher's attitude.

3. easy to be decadent. The task is too difficult, or no one else needs to do it. Why would I do that? I can't stand doing it continuously. Let's do it tomorrow. But often tomorrow comes, I still don't want to do it, and I will continue to push it back.

Solution: find all the help you can find, try to reduce the difficulty of things and make progress; Temporarily postpone the mentality of giving up and do more every day. This is also in line with the current situation of many students in China. Because not everyone is interested in their own subjects, it is easy to get bored, so it is not easy to calm down and complete related tasks. The solution, as mentioned above, is to ask others for help and listen to suggestions. At the same time, you can divide the task into relatively easy small pieces and tell yourself that each small piece can be easily completed.

4. laugh at yourself. If you often can't finish the task well, your estimation of your ability will be lower and lower, even if you finish it well in the future, it will be considered luck.

Solution: accept compliments from others on your work; Encourage yourself.

Fold and edit this treatment step.

1. There is absolutely no need to realize your procrastination.

2. Write out the reasons for the delay one by one.

3. Overcome these reasons one by one

Start doing things

10 tips for getting rid of procrastination

"Persuading procrastinators is as difficult as making depressed patients happy." Professor Ferrari believes that persuasion has little effect on procrastinators. The key is to make up your mind to get rid of procrastination inertia, which requires great spiritual motivation to complete. Try to combine the following tips of 10, which may be easier. Remember, every time you reach one of them, you are one step closer to success.

1. Always remind. Write down the deadline or appointment date of your work report or paper so as to remind yourself at any time. For something particularly important, highlight it with a highlighter.

Schedule your work at the most efficient time of the day.

3. Set yourself a deadline. Many people have the experience that tasks that seem impossible to be completed on time can often be completed at the last minute.

4. Prioritize the work and do the important work immediately. When a lot of work is spread out in front of you, you don't know where to start.

Finish at least one job you don't want to do every morning, and you will finish the rest with a relaxed attitude.

strike a proper balance between work and rest

7. Divide the complicated work into several parts.

8. Avoid work interruption. Concentration can enable you to finish more work in a short time.

9. Don't change your plan. Once you have made a plan for yourself, you should stick to it. Don't add new content halfway to make the plan more perfect.

10. Give yourself a reward when you finish the work on time.