In the early morning of 65438+February 65438+July, the Chang 'e-5 returner landed safely in the scheduled area of Inner Mongolia, marking the successful completion of the first sampling and returning mission of extraterrestrial objects in China. This is the last 44 years, and it is of great significance for humans to retrieve moon samples from the moon again.
The Apollo moon landing program organized and implemented by the United States from 196 1 to 1972 realized manned landing on the moon and human field investigation on the moon, which was an epoch-making achievement in the world space history. During this period, six spacecraft landed on the moon and successfully sent 12 astronauts to the moon, bringing back about 38 1.7 kilograms of lunar soil samples and rock samples.
1970, the former Soviet Union launched the world's first unmanned lunar sampling and returning probe "Moon 16", and retrieved a small sample of1kloc-0/g from the fertile ocean of the moon, and then launched "Moon 20" in 1972./
After 1976, humans can no longer retrieve moon samples from the moon, until this time, China's Chang 'e V retrieved them again.
When the United States brought back samples of the moon, scientists around the world applied to the United States for samples for research. In addition to satisfying the research of American academy of sciences and research institutes, scientists from many other countries did get samples. Through the study of these samples, many scientific papers and achievements have been published, including the famous scientific research achievements of helium 3 energy element widely distributed on the moon.
In the last century, on the eve of the formal establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States, American security adviser brzezinski visited China and presented the 1g moon sample to China as a "national gift". After China got this 1g sample, half of it was used for scientific research. Researchers have published some related papers through the study of this half gram sample, but there are too few samples to achieve greater scientific research results.
According to the arrangement of the space department, the samples brought back from the moon by Chang 'e V have three purposes, mainly for scientific research, and some samples will also be collected and displayed to the public. Some of them will be shared with scientists from relevant countries and the world, including American scientific research institutions, according to international cooperation treaties. Of course, according to international practice, it will also be given to some friendly countries as a national gift.
The samples obtained on the moon in China this time are somewhat different from those obtained in the United States. At that time, the range of samples obtained by American astronauts was limited to a relatively small area, while the landing site of Chang 'e V in China was essentially different, with a relatively large range of activities. Humans have never obtained this kind of sample, which is as great as the American 38 1.7kg sample in terms of scientific research value.