Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was the sixth emperor of the Tang Dynasty, who reigned for 44 years. At the beginning of his reign, he selected talents and made great efforts to govern the country, which set off another climax of the country's prosperity since the Tang Dynasty, and "Kaiyuan Shi Sheng" appeared. The courtiers wrote a letter urging Xuanzong to seal Mount Tai. After some humility, Xuanzong readily agreed to go to Mount Tai for a meditation ceremony in 725 AD, 65438+February, 16.

It is said that if the previous emperor climbed Mount Tai smoothly and made outstanding achievements, there would be many good omen; Without virtue and incompetence, if you can't rule the world according to heaven, there will be many evil images. When Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty climbed Mount Tai, although he made great contributions to the world, the weather changed repeatedly, which brought him a lot of troubles. This is probably God's warning that Xuanzong indulged in debauchery and abandoned state affairs in the future.

At that time, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty sealed Mount Tai in the east, and the cavalry in front of the ceremonial procession alone took each color 1000 horses as a square, which was patchwork and looked like colorful clouds embroidered brocade from a distance, showing its scale and unprecedented pomp. When the brigade came to the west side of Mount Tai, a strong northeast wind suddenly blew, blowing from noon to night, and the tent where the entourage lived was torn by the wind, and the pillars supporting the tent were also blown off.

The officials were frightened into a mess.

As an emissary of Zen, Zhang was already busy with Zen, and this sudden change made him even more at a loss. In order to stabilize people, he had to stand up and say, "Don't panic. The emperor is the son of heaven. Now it will be earth-shattering It was the God of the East China Sea who came to pick up the emperor and meditated. "

Zhang's prevarication calmed everyone down a little and came to the foot of Mount Tai. It really became sunny and sunny. However, on the night when Xuanzong fasted and bathed, a strong wind suddenly blew in the sky and it became cold. The change of the weather made Xuanzong feel uneasy again. He stopped eating and stood in the dew until midnight.

He prayed to heaven devoutly: "since I became emperor, I have been helped by heaven, and the country is prosperous and all the people are safe." I came to Mount Tai in Dengfeng to pray for all the people. However, if I have any fault and don't deserve to meditate in Mount Tai, please come to heaven to punish me. If followers are not blessed to participate in meditation, please punish me. The accompanying soldiers and horses really can't stand the biting cold. Please stop the cold in heaven. "

After Xuanzong prayed, it was calm as expected, the temperature in the mountains turned warmer, the weather was fine, and the breeze blew from the south. Xuanzong successfully held a grand meditation ceremony at the top of the mountain in the music of continuous singing of silk and bamboo.

In order to commemorate this successful meditation, Xuanzong personally wrote the inscription of Mount Ji, which was engraved on the Daguan Peak at the top of the mountain. This is the Tang Cliff Monument we saw today.

Why does my father-in-law call it "Mount Tai"?

According to the custom in China, a husband calls his wife and parents his husband and mother-in-law. "Zhang" means "long" in ancient times. "Mother-in-law" used to be a respectful name for the elderly and elders. Analects of Confucius Wei Zi said, "When Luz came, he beat his father-in-law with a stick." "Father-in-law" here means "old man".

Chong Wang, in general. In Qi Shou, there is also a saying that "celebrities are husbands and people are husbands". The original intention of "Zhang" is to respect others, especially the elderly. However, in the Han Dynasty when Wang Chong lived, old people, regardless of gender, could be called "husbands".

So, when and where did the honorific title "Grandfather" come from? Some people say it came from the Huns in the Han Dynasty. Ban Gu holds Hanshu. There is a saying in the biography of Xiongnu that Xiongnu Khan called the emperor of Han Dynasty "my father-in-law". At that time, the emperor of the Han Dynasty carried out the policy of "kinship" to the Xiongnu, and gave the Xiongnu Khan a princess or imperial concubine (or maid-in-waiting), so it was called this. This is probably why wives and fathers are called "husbands".

About the wife and mother, the earliest record is Yan Jiaxun written by Yan Zhitui in Northern Qi Dynasty. There is a saying that "husband and wife are called mother-in-law", and then it is often recorded that their wives and parents are addressed as "husband" and "mother". In the Tang Dynasty, Liu Zongyuan sacrificed his wife Yang's parents and wrote "Sacrifice Mother-in-law". It can be seen that the origins of the two names "mother-in-law" and "mother-in-law" are relatively simple, and no other statements have been found from them.

In written language, some people call their wives and fathers "Mount Tai", "father-in-law" and "Yue Weng". Where did the names "Mount Tai", "Grandfather" and "Yue Weng" come from? There are several versions.

There is a saying that this title originated in the Tang Dynasty. According to the first volume of Miscellaneous Xiyang, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty went to Mount Tai to meditate in the 14th year of Kaiyuan (726), and Prime Minister Zhang said that he would take his son-in-law Zheng Yi with him. According to the official practice of the Tang Dynasty, after going to Mount Tai to meditate, all officials below the prime minister can be promoted to a higher level. Zheng Yi was originally a small official with nine grades, but Zhang said that he used his power to promote him to four grades and became a high official with five grades.

When doing it, eight small officials wore light blue official uniforms, while five officials could wear light blue official uniforms. At the banquet, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty saw that Zheng Yi's official uniforms suddenly changed color, which was very strange, so he went to ask him. Zheng Yi was haunted, so he had to prevaricate and care about him. At this time, Huang Zan, an actor who is good at satire and funny, interjected: "This is the power of Mount Tai!" .

By sealing Mount Tai, it is implied that Zhang said that he promoted his son-in-law by leaps and bounds, with profound implications and pun intended. I know that it is inconvenient to attack because of Zhang's face. This statement immediately spread throughout the ruling and opposition parties, and all the listeners hid their faces. Later generations have meddlers, so posthumous title's wife and father are "Mount Tai". Unexpectedly, it has been used for a long time and has become a kind of honorific title.

Because Mount Tai is the so-called "head of five mountains" in Dongyue, he called his wife and father "Yue Weng" and "Zhang Yue" instead. It can be seen from this point that the name "Taishan" is elegant, but it is not very glorious. There are also many people who disagree with this statement, so there is a second statement: the wife and father are called "Mount Tai" because there is a peak at the top of Mount Tai. "Six Classics of the Tang Dynasty" said: "Mount Tai is 160 li a week and over 40 li high. Many people get the name of the mountain peak, and Zhang Renfeng stands out from other peaks at the top. "

In the Song Dynasty, Chao Shuozhi thought that "Mount Tai" became the title of husband and wife, because it was commonly known as "husband and father", and the husband and father in Mount Tai was unique, so people said that Mount Tai must think of his husband and father first, so over time, "Mount Tai" became the title of wife and father.

Some people have also made textual research on this statement. Xiao Xiezhong's "A Brief History of Mount Tai" in the Ming Dynasty said: Zhang Renfeng "is in the southwest of Dingyue, and the huge stones are unique and humanoid, hence the name." In the Qing Dynasty, Nie Jianguang wrote "Taishan Daoli Ji" and said: "Taishan is the peak of Zhang Ren, and it looks like an old man's rickets." From a stone peak on the top of Mount Tai that looks like a hunchback old man, I think of "Zhang Ren" and associate it with "Mount Tai", and gradually associate the names of my wife and father with Mount Tai.

But according to its original intention, the cause of this statement is far from the title of wife and father. There is another way of saying it is relatively simple. The name "Mount Tai" is transformed from myth. In the Qing Dynasty, Zhao Yi wrote a book "An Examination of Jade Cong". In its thirty-seventh volume, it is said that Yue Guang is Wei Li's father, Wei Li respects him as Zhang Yue and Zhang Yue as Zhang Yue, and it is changed from Zhang Yue to Yue Weng and father-in-law. "Yue" reminds people of Mount Tai, the East Yue, the first of the five mountains.

Therefore, the wife and father are also called "Mount Tai". In order to be called "father" of "father-in-law", people call his wife's mother "mother-in-law", and some people call his wife's mother "Tai Shui" so as to be called "Mount Tai" accordingly.

3. Qin Stone Carving and Wu Dafu Song

Qin Shihuang's ascent to Mount Tai was a ritual of seclusion. According to the interpretation of the ancients, the emperor is the son of the Emperor of Heaven and a noble symbol of the ancient values of heaven and earth. Therefore, after improvement and replacement, or when an emperor seems to have made outstanding achievements in governance, he can and should go to Mount Tai to worship Zen, tell the world about peace and success, and thank them for their kindness.

In 2 19 BC, Qin Shihuang entered Juye, Shandong Province from Henan, carved stones on Zou Yi Mountain in Zouxian County from west to east, and then from south to north, reaching Taishan Mountain.

Qin Shihuang's east tour, in politics, economy, culture, morality and other aspects, banned their differences, promoted their similarities, and implemented his New Deal and new French style. Therefore, it also played a positive role in strengthening the unification of the empire. After Qin Shihuang closed the door and meditated on Mount Tai, he left two cultural relics in Mount Tai, namely the carved stone of Qin Dynasty and the five medical pines.

Qin Shihuang traveled all over the East, carving stones and accumulating virtues everywhere. For example, in the era of Qin Shihuang, the north has entered the era of high civilization, while the south is considered to be a wild land, and even has red tattoos. Moral and ethical concepts are very different from those in the north, so there is a saying in the book & gt "If a husband gives it, he is not guilty of killing it." Most of the stone carvings of Qin Shihuang were destroyed. Today, there are Langya Stone Carvings, Beijing History Museum and Taishan Stone Carvings, and only digital fragments are left, which are hidden in Dai Temple in Tai 'an City.

Doctor Wu Song, also known as Song, now lives between Yunbuqiao and Chaoyang Cave. According to historical records, when Qin Shihuang climbed Mount Tai, he was caught in heavy rain halfway. He took shelter from the rain under a tree and was named "Doctor Five".

The main purpose of Qin Shihuang's meditation is to maintain the newly established Qin regime and the stability of the great unity. However, in the process of consolidating the unified political power, Qin Shihuang also made some extremely serious mistakes. He treated the nobles and the people of the six countries equally, and treated them with severe punishment. He did not clearly realize the particularity of intellectuals, ignored the parasitic forces of friends and enemies, burned books and buried Confucianism, and destroyed cultural traditions.

Love the new and hate the old, but don't know how to cherish people's resources, which drives thousands of workers to carry out large-scale civil engineering construction. Disabled people are fishing to show off and run out of resources.

This has caused widespread indignation and resentment. Only fourteen years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, it perished in the turbulent wave of peasant uprising. Thus, Mount Tai meditation is essentially just a special mountaineering activity. It can't save the political corruption caused by policy imbalance and power abuse, nor can it change the objective laws, so that anyone can live forever.