Keywords: operating room; Caring ability of nursing staff; qualitative analysis
Nursing is the common demand of patients, and it is also an indispensable part of nursing service [1]. With the continuous change of medical model, the traditional mechanical nursing service can no longer meet people's needs, and the nursing concept occupies a core position in more and more nursing theories. Nursing refers to a kind of nursing behavior that nurses should uphold the spirit of "people-oriented" in their daily nursing work and directly help and support patients in need, so as to help patients recover their health [2]. For most patients who enter the operating room for emergency treatment, they have great expectations for surgical treatment. At the same time, due to the particularity of surgical treatment, they also have a sense of fear. The quality of nursing work in operating room will directly affect the recovery and prognosis of patients in operating room, and will also directly affect the quality of nursing work in the whole hospital. Therefore, we must attach great importance to the quality of nursing work in operating room [3]. Nursing work can effectively promote the emotional and spiritual recovery of patients and establish the relationship of mutual trust between nurses and patients, which shows that the caring ability of nurses in operating room will directly affect the quality of nursing work in operating room. In order to further improve the caring ability of nurses in operating room, phenomenology in qualitative analysis was used as the main research method to analyze and study the caring ability of nurses in operating room, so as to further deepen the service concept of "patient-centered" and guide the operating room to carry out nursing work.
1 data and methods
1. 1 general information
According to the convenient sampling method, 15 front-line nurses were selected from the operating room of Zhejiang Tongde Hospital in 20 15 years. All nurses volunteered to participate in this study and signed the informed consent form on the basis of understanding the purpose of the study. Male nurse 1, female nurse 14. The age ranged from 20 to 43 years with an average of (25.6 8.7) years. Education: 2 technical secondary schools, 2 junior colleges, bachelor degree or above11; Title: 2 nurses, 10 nurses, 3 nurses above supervisor.
1.2 method
1.2 1 Phenomenological methods in qualitative research
Based on the phenomenology of hermeneutics, this paper analyzes the internal and external factors in a specific phenomenon by understanding the situation and the meaning of the situation, extracts the important factors, and further discusses and analyzes the relationship between each factor and the surrounding environment. The specific methods are as follows: the investigator introduces the purpose and significance of the study to the research object, obtains the trust and cooperation of the nurses, and after signing the informed consent form, chooses a quiet environment to conduct in-depth interviews with the nurses. Open-ended questions are used to ask nurses questions. The main questions are: How to understand nursing? What are the specific manifestations of nursing in operating room? How to carry out nursing work in operating room. After the interview, the recording was converted into words and recorded. Through description, organization and analysis, 15 nurses' conversation was established as a copy, which was represented by N 1 ~ N 15.
1.2.2 questionnaire survey
Fill in the general information questionnaire and caring ability scale according to the principle of anonymity and voluntariness. The contents of the questionnaire are as follows: ① General situation: mainly including age, gender, education and professional title. ② Caring Ability Scale: It mainly consists of three dimensions (10), understanding (14) and encouragement (13) and 37 items. On Likert7 scale, the rating scale is 1 ~ 7, in which 13 needs to be graded reversely. The total score of the three dimensions is 37 ~ 259, and the score is directly proportional to the nurse's caring ability. 1.3 statistical methods SPSS 17.0 statistical software was used to analyze and process the data, and the measurement data was expressed by (χs). T test showed that the difference was statistically significant when P < 0.05.
Two results
2. 1 Comparison of nursing ability scores of operating room nurses with foreign norms.
The total number of nursing staff in operating room is (176.74 17.92). The scores of understanding, encouragement and patience are significantly higher than those of foreign norm.
2.2 humanistic care of nursing staff in operating room
In the daily work of nursing staff in operating room, caring thoughts are everywhere. ① The problem of keeping warm during operation: N3: "Since my father woke up from lumbar disc surgery in the operating room, the first thing I said was cold, so I paid special attention to keeping warm for the patients. Whenever a patient enters the operating room, I will turn up the air conditioner, keep the temperature at around 26 C, and try to cover the place where the patient does not need to be exposed to keep the patient warm. " . ② Intraoperative privacy protection: N6: "After the patient takes off his coat and enters the operating room, he should try to avoid exposing unnecessary places. Most female patients will feel ashamed after exposing their breasts and male patients' genitals, and their hearts will be particularly uncomfortable and uncomfortable. Therefore, in the process of daily care, we should pay attention to protecting the privacy of patients and cover them with quilts in time. " ③ Effective nurse-patient communication: N7: "I will take the initiative to chat with every patient who has just entered the operating room and has not been anesthetized, and the content of the chat rarely involves the patient's condition, especially when chatting with patients who don't know much about their condition. Through this relaxed chat, I found that it can effectively distract patients' attention and reduce patients' anxiety "; N5: "Some patients in the operating room are not accompanied by their families. Because of the particularity of surgical treatment, patients will inevitably have fear. Some patients often lie on the operating table and cry. For these patients who are not accompanied by their families, I often hold their hands, encourage them and give them my support. " ④ Appropriate surgical posture: N8: "Some doctors who come to the operating room for further study have weak nursing consciousness, and they are rude when placing the patient's posture after anesthesia. At this time, I will remind them that because the patient has no feeling after anesthesia, the whole body muscles are in a relaxed state, so we should pay more attention to the placement of the patient's position, so as to avoid pressure sores or nerve damage caused by improper position, which will bring inconvenience to the normal activities of the patient after surgery. "
2.3 Problems in humanistic care in operating room nursing
During the communication with nurses working in the operating room, it can be found that the degree of nurses' concern for patients is directly related to the workload and emotional state of patients. The workload of general nurses is very heavy, and the particularity of operating room leads to the endless work of nurses, who are in a state of "busy" and "tired" every day. N 1: "In fact, from my own point of view, I really want to take good care of every patient and communicate with them more, but I have never been able to do so. I can do it without heavy workload or fatigue, but it is difficult to do it after doing a lot of work in the afternoon, and sometimes I am so tired that I almost have no strength to speak. " N4: "When I first entered the operating room, because I was young and energetic, I couldn't control my emotions, especially when I was in a bad mood. It was even more difficult to be kind, and my tone became very blunt when I explained my illness. In fact, it was just a reaction in my consciousness "; N 1 1: When you are in a bad mood and have a lot of trivial matters in your life, you can only guarantee to finish the work at hand, communicate less with patients than usual, smile less, and you can't consider patients in all directions at work. "
3 discussion
Although the operating room nurses have not been in contact with patients for a long time, they should have a certain understanding of nursing, know that nursing should run through the operation, communicate with patients in time, reduce pressure, protect patients' privacy and keep warm, and all operating room nurses should have a certain understanding of this [4]; In order to effectively relieve the work pressure of nursing staff, adjust their emotions, and thus prolong the nursing process, managers should rationally allocate human resources, regularly carry out cultural activities, activate the atmosphere of departments, and improve the enthusiasm of nursing staff [5]. In daily work, we should gradually cultivate nurses' caring ability, and gradually improve nurses' caring consciousness, skills and ability through various teaching methods and strategies to provide better nursing services for patients.
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