Historical background:/kloc-The technological revolution initiated by Britain in the 0/8th century was a great revolution in the history of technological development, which initiated an era in which machines replaced hand tools. This revolution began with the birth of working machines, marked by the widespread use of steam engines as power machines. This technological revolution and related changes in social relations are called the first industrial revolution or industrial revolution. In terms of production technology, the industrial revolution replaced manual workshops with factory system and manual labor with machines; In social relations, the industrial revolution made the yeoman peasant class attached to the backward mode of production disappear, and the industrial bourgeoisie and the industrial proletariat formed and developed.

The historical significance of the first industrial revolution

First, the positive significance:

1 has greatly improved social productivity and enriched people's material life. It has caused changes in the social structure and produced two opposing new classes-the industrial bourgeoisie and the industrial proletariat. With the rapid growth of economic strength, the industrial bourgeoisie has been growing, gradually defeating feudal forces and seizing power: the proletariat has gradually realized and begun to struggle to change its tragic position of exploitation and oppression. 3 changed social life, and urbanization rose. The national liberation movement and the international socialist movement have also continued to develop. Three labor movements broke out in Europe, and Marxist theory gradually formed and developed. The factory system was formed and the free economy prevailed. Close contact with the rest of the world, objectively spreading the advanced capitalist mode of production and production technology to all parts of the world, making the whole world more and more an inseparable whole and changing the face of the world. The capitalist world market has taken shape.

Second, the negative impact:

1 Proletarians are increasingly exploited and oppressed, and they are getting poorer and poorer. Capitalist countries seize commodity markets, seize raw materials, expand colonies, enslave local people, aggravate local poverty and backwardness, and subordinate the East to the West. The use of machines has caused environmental pollution.