First, let's solve the problem.

Modernization: the first modernization is the transformation from agricultural society to industrial society, agricultural economy to industrial economy, and agricultural civilization to industrial civilization; The second modernization is the transformation from industrial society to knowledge society, industrial economy to knowledge economy, industrial civilization to knowledge civilization and material civilization to ecological civilization.

It can be said that modernization is divided into: economic structure. Science education, medical care. And military equipment.

Reference to the rise of other big countries, or reference to the modernization of other big countries?

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China's Road to Modernization

Combined with the modernization of western capitalist countries and the rise of the nation, most of them expand outward, promote the development of national industries with overseas markets, and then expand domestic demand when the country is rich. The rise of a big country is often accompanied by the decline of another big country. For example, the rise of Britain and the realization of the first modernization, accompanied by the collapse of the Spanish Empire and the plunder of the whole world, made people all over the world live in dire straits. After the success of Germany's modernization, it brought plunder to its own people, unconsciously plundered the whole world, and brought disaster to the whole world during World War I. Coincidentally, the failure of Germany brought the success of the United States and the demise of the empire.

It can be seen that none of these can be teachers of China's modernization and national rise. According to China's national conditions and the objectives and tasks of modernization, we believe that China's modernization should take the road of industrialization promoting modernization, modernization driving industrialization and the integration of modernization and industrialization with China characteristics. Here, "China characteristics" mainly has two meanings: the first meaning is that we must always adhere to the four basic principles of the party in the process of modernization to ensure the socialist nature and direction of modernization; The second meaning is that the road to modernization should conform to China's own specific reality and handle the relationship between modernization and population and employment; Handle the relationship between modernization, resources and environment, and move towards the modernization road of sustainable development; Handle the relationship between modernization, industrialization and urbanization, and take the road of modernization with reasonable and advanced economic structure; Handle the relationship between modernization and deepening reform and opening up; Wait a minute.

Specifically, to take the road of modernization with China characteristics, the following strategic measures should be taken:

First of all, unlike foreign capitalist regimes, we must always adhere to the four cardinal principles of the Party and advance modernization along the socialist track, which is the most basic feature of China's modernization. Without this article, China's modernization will deviate from the track and get lost. It brought plunder from people like Germany. Lose yourself and go to ruin!

Secondly, from the perspective of race, China is a yellow race with a high reproductive rate, which may be an advantage, but it is also a stumbling block to the development of China! We must consider that China is a country with a large population and labor force, and properly handle the relationship between promoting modernization, increasing employment and improving people's lives. The core and symbol of modernization we are talking about today are knowledge, informationization, networking and globalization. However, the labor force in China is not only large in number, but also unbalanced in structure. The number of high-end talents who can meet the needs of modernization is small, and a considerable number of workers can only engage in simple labor with low knowledge and technical requirements. Therefore, in the process of China's modernization, on the one hand, we should pay attention to controlling the speed and giving consideration to the needs of labor employment. In particular, we should not artificially "leapfrog" and pursue only the achievements of "taking the lead in realizing modernization" or "realizing modernization ahead of schedule" regardless of conditions, thus leading to large-scale unemployment; On the other hand, we should attach great importance to the intellectual investment and knowledge training of the labor force, do a good job in lifelong education, do everything possible to improve the quality of workers, so that more labor force can adapt to the needs of the knowledge economy and make contributions to modernization; In addition, it is necessary to increase the export of labor services and solve the problem of labor employment through multiple channels. Similarly, although modernization aims at improving people's living standards for a long time, it is also the ultimate goal, but for countries, regions, single economies and even individuals, it needs corresponding capital investment, which will restrict consumption in a certain period of time, affect the improvement of people's living standards, and deviate from the purpose of modernization in a short period of time. Therefore, modernization must deal with the relationship between investment and consumption, give consideration to short-term interests and long-term interests, and form a virtuous circle mechanism to promote modernization and improve people's lives.

Third, the old capitalist countries in the west have carried out the first stage of industrial modernization, followed by the modernization of information knowledge. Since the reform and opening up in China, China has not been allowed to advance step by step. Therefore, China's modernization must be coordinated with informationization, industrialization and urbanization, and its economic structure must be rationalized and upgraded. Although we say that China can make full use of its "advantage of backwardness" to promote and blend modernization and industrialization, there are conditions and limitations. We must never commit "acute diseases" and impose modernization beyond the level of productive forces regardless of conditions. This historical lesson in our country is really too profound and painful. At present, this phenomenon has begun to appear again in the pilot construction of small towns in some places in China, in the activities of "building a well-off village" and in the planning of "building a well-off society in an all-round way", which should arouse our great attention. Modernization is a long-term process and a huge systematic project, which needs a series of supporting conditions (such as capital, technology, talents, culture, etc.). ) For most parts of China, these conditions are difficult to meet in a short time. Therefore, except for Hong Kong, Macao, Shanghai and a few other regions with developed economy and good foundation, which can give priority to modernization and give consideration to industrialization, most other regions must give priority to industrialization for a long time and lay a good foundation before they can enter the modernization stage. Therefore, in the process of gestating and promoting modernization, we must deal with the primary and secondary relationship between modernization and industrialization, so that they can advance harmoniously and develop harmoniously. Similarly, we should handle the relationship between modernization and urbanization. For the vast rural areas, the task of urbanization should be the top priority for a long time to come. Of course, the premise of urbanization is to accelerate the process of agricultural industrialization and rural industrialization, because urbanization must be supported by the full development of industry. Otherwise, even if the rural labor force is transferred to cities (towns), it is difficult to find a job and obtain a relatively stable income, so they have to go out to work to make a living. In this way, urbanization will inevitably become "urban hollowing out". Urbanization without industrial support is difficult to develop steadily, and all artificial and compulsory urbanization movements that do not follow the laws of industrialization and urbanization will inevitably fail in the end. It should also be emphasized that the quality of rural labor force is generally low, so the modernization process with knowledge economy as the core should especially put an end to the artificial "transcendence" in rural areas, and modernization can only be promoted after full industrialization and urbanization. In a word, modernization must be coordinated with industrialization and urbanization, and it should be cultivated and gradually promoted in the process of rationalization and upgrading of urban and rural structures, industrial structures, employment structures and other economic structures.

Fourth, as far as the current level of productivity is concerned, productism is still on the horizon, and China is in the primary stage of socialism. Market economy is the only way for economic development. This is the biggest difference between China and western countries. This is a double-edged sword, which is both an opportunity and a challenge. This requires us to correctly handle the relationship between modernization and deepening reform and opening up. The content of modernization is multifaceted, and all its aspects are mutually influenced and restricted. Economic modernization inevitably requires political, social and cultural modernization. Therefore, to promote modernization, we should not only deepen the reform of the economic system and improve the socialist market economic system, but also promote the reform of the political system, strengthen the construction of social morality and legal system, improve the cultural and educational system, and train workers who meet the needs of modernization and law-abiding modern citizens. In addition, our future modernization will be carried out in the context of China's opening to the outside world and its accession to the WTO. Therefore, we should, as always, not only make full use of the domestic and foreign markets and resources to speed up the industrialization of China, but also further open wider to the outside world, give full play to the "latecomer advantage" in the process of economic globalization, and promote and speed up the modernization of China.

Finally, we should learn from the lessons of modernization in western capitalist countries, that is, the destruction of industrial development to the environment and the harm of over-reliance on resource development to the earth, properly handle the relationship between modernization and resource utilization and environmental protection, and take the road of modernization of sustainable development. Specifically, it includes three aspects: (1) In the process of modernization, rationally use, save and protect resources, and improve the level of resource utilization and comprehensive utilization. It is necessary to establish a safe supply system of important resources and a strategic resource reserve system to ensure the needs of industrialization and modernization to the greatest extent, especially to realize the sustainable development and utilization of major resources such as water resources, land resources, energy resources, forest resources, grassland resources, mineral resources, marine resources and climate resources. (2) In the process of modernization, it is necessary to establish a scientific and perfect ecological environment monitoring and management system, form nature reserves with complete types, reasonable distribution and suitable area, establish a desertification control system, strengthen the management of key soil erosion areas, improve the agricultural ecological environment, strengthen the construction of urban green space, and gradually improve the quality of ecological environment. It is necessary to build key forestry ecological projects, establish nature reserves and ecological function protection zones, prevent and control land desertification, strengthen soil and water protection, develop ecological agriculture, strengthen the protection of scenic spots, and attach importance to the construction of urban ecological environment. (3) In the process of modernization, environmental protection and pollution prevention should be strengthened. It is necessary to control the total discharge of pollutants, carry out the prevention and control of water pollution in river basins, strengthen the prevention and control of air pollution in key cities and strengthen the comprehensive improvement of the environment in key sea areas. Strengthen the construction of environmental protection laws and regulations, supervise and enforce them, revise and improve technical standards for environmental protection, and vigorously promote the development of clean production and environmental protection industries. Actively participate in regional and global environmental cooperation, while improving the environmental quality of China, make contributions to the protection of the global environment.

In a word, modernization is a worldwide, long-term and dynamic process. Its essence was "advanced" at that time. Today's modernization is knowledge, informationization, networking and globalization with knowledge economy as its core and symbol. China should take the road of modernization with China characteristics: industrialization promotes modernization, modernization drives industrialization, and modernization and industrialization are integrated. As long as we unswervingly adhere to the Party's Four Cardinal Principles in the process of modernization, properly handle the relationship between promoting modernization, increasing employment and improving people's lives, and properly handle the relationship between modernization and resource utilization and environmental protection, China's modernization will surely be realized, and the broad masses of people will surely get benefits and live a happy life. The Chinese nation has achieved great rejuvenation, and China has achieved great rise!