Tourism geography of China
Theme: China's rich and varied tourist landscapes and cultural features.
China has a vast territory, beautiful mountains and rivers, beautiful natural scenery, colorful landscapes, moderate location, superior shape, long history, splendid culture, numerous nationalities, different local customs, rich local products, exquisite craftsmanship and delicious food, which are famous overseas. Due to the incomparable richness and charm of China's tourism resources, China's tourism industry started late, but it has great potential and broad development prospects in the prosperous world tourism industry.
Key words: China tourism, rich and diverse, beautiful and peculiar, history and culture.
Abstract: China is the country with the richest tourism resources in the world, with various types and functions. As far as landform and landscape are concerned, China's topography is high in the west and low in the east, with a three-step distribution as a whole. Moreover, China is unique in the world because of its diverse types, beautiful landscapes and different scales. Taking tourism climate resources as an example, China not only has zonal and diverse climate changes, but also has distinct three-dimensional climate effects, especially in Hengduan mountainous area, which can be described as "one mountain has four seasons, and ten miles are different from the sky". There are beautiful flowers in the north and south of China all the year round, various summer resorts in seashore, mountains, plateaus and high latitudes, the world of snow and ice with silver jade carvings, and Hainan Island, which can keep warm from the cold. Diversified landscapes and multifunctional climate resources provide a superior living environment for the biological community, making the natural landscape more colorful.
The famous five mountains (Mount Hengshan, Mount Taishan, Huashan, Songshan and Mount Hengshan) are the representatives of the mountain scenery in China. Many strange stones are compared with birds and animals, and vivid myths and legends make many strange stones more mysterious. For example, Hammer Peak in Chengde, Yunv Mountain in Wuyishan, Elephant Trunk Mountain in Guilin, Hezhang Peak in Yandang and Lotus Peak in Huangshan are all medium-sized modeling mountain views. Small-scale or even micro-scale mountain scenery, such as Xiamen Wanshiyuan Laughing Stone, Putuo Shuanggui Listening Stone, Dongshan Island Wind Stone, Huangshan Mengbi Flower, Lunan Stone Forest Elephant Sitting Platform, Fengling Instrument, Peacock Comb Wing, etc.
There are many rivers in China, from the trickle of mountain streams to the broad rivers. Among the numerous river scenes, the magical Lijiang River and the majestic Three Gorges of the Yangtze River between Guilin and Yangshuo are outstanding. The picturesque Fuchun River, Jiuzhaigou in a fairyland on earth, the roaring Yellow River Gorge and the flowing Sakura Valley in Xishan, Beijing, are all unique tourism resources of different scales with waterscape as the main body. There are more than 20,000 lakes in China, especially the West Lake, which is always suitable for light makeup and heavy makeup. Many lakes have the value of recuperation and tourism because of their beautiful scenery. From Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake, the foggy Taihu Lake and Dianchi Lake within 500 miles, Erhai Lake as beautiful as jade, Tianchi Lake in Tianshan Mountain, Sailimu Lake and Kanas Lake in Altai Mountain, to Kunming Lake on the edge of Kyoto, they are all famous tourist attractions. China has Dalian, Beidaihe, Yantai, Qingdao, Putuo, Xiamen, Shenzhen, Penghu and Yaxian, Liaoning has Jinxian and Xingcheng, Hebei has Changli and Funing, Shandong has Haiyang, Jiangsu has Lianyungang, Fujian has Meizhou Island and Chongwu, Guangdong has Dapeng Bay, and Guangxi has the Pearl River Estuary. Among them, there are both summer resorts and rare deserted resorts.
China has unique exotic flowers and trees in the world, as well as rare birds and animals. Rare and endemic animal resources, such as giant panda, golden monkey, white-lipped deer, brown pheasant, black-necked crane, golden pheasant and alligator sinensis, are all endemic animals in China. Ginkgo biloba, Abies argentea, Abies fabri, Abies formosana and Abies fabri are rare gymnosperms. Among angiosperms, China accounts for 53% of the total families in the world, among which there are many ancient taxa and endemic species, such as Davidia involucrata, Fragrant Fruit Tree, Lankun Tree, Fragrant Tree, Liriodendron chinense, Water Green Tree and so on.
Zhalonghe Township in Heilongjiang, Bird Island in Qinghai, Jiangsu, Yuanyang River in Fujian, butterfly spring in Dali, Wuyishan Nature Reserve, Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve known as the cradle of animal and plant life, newly-built Zhangjiajie National Forest Park with beautiful scenery, Changbai Mountain, Wolong Mountain and Dinghushan Nature Reserves listed in the world biosphere reserve network organized by the United Nations, etc. are all unique places to develop tourism.
As an ancient civilization, China has historic sites all over the country. In the history of China, there are more than 100 places as the capital of Kyoto or the feudal separatist regime of the central dynasty, from Yangcheng in Du Yu to Beijing, the imperial capital of the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. Among them, Anyang, Beijing, Xi 'an, Luoyang, Kaifeng, Nanjing and Hangzhou occupy prominent positions and are called the seven ancient capitals of China, leaving the most historical sites. Xi and Beijing almost shared the history of the imperial capital in the early and late feudal society. Most palaces, gardens, shrines, mausoleums, palaces, early houses, temples, Taoist temples, etc. Are concentrated in the capital and its suburbs, making it a famous city with the richest cultural tourism resources.
History and culture are closely related. Among the cultural relics in China, religious culture has far-reaching influence. Wutai, Putuo, Emei and Jiuhua are the four Buddhist holy places in China. Nanputuo in Xiamen, Jizu Mountain in Binchuan, Kaiyuan Temple in Quanzhou and Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou are also flourishing all year round. Temples, Taoist temples and lecture halls are not only the essence of architectural art, but also statues, murals, inscriptions and inscriptions have high cultural value. Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, Turpan Baizixi, Datong Yungang, Luoyang Longmen, Yongjing Bingling Temple, Guyuan Xumishan, Qingyang North Grottoes, Gongxian Grottoes, Dazu Beishan and Baoding Grottoes, Jianchuan Shi Baoshan and Hangzhou Feilaifeng Grottoes are artistic crystallization created by absorbing the artistic essence of Indian Ajanta Grottoes and combining the national characteristics of China. There are a large number of sculptures, stone carvings and murals in the grottoes, which are historical libraries and artistic and cultural treasures.
China has been a unified multi-ethnic country since ancient times. After the founding of New China, the central government identified and confirmed 56 ethnic groups. Every nation has its own history, culture, costumes, folk customs and festivals. Every nation has a fine tradition of hospitality, so China is called an ancient civilization and a country of etiquette. Many brothers are good at singing and dancing, with unique customs, unique rooms and exquisite costumes, especially in Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Guizhou, Tibet and Sichuan. It is of great significance to carry out ethnic customs tourism.