Self-appreciation is a person's positive emotional experience of himself, and it is also his understanding and full estimation of his own strength. This kind of positive self-evaluation is not only the starting point for every child to succeed, but also the quality that talents in the new era must have. Self-appreciation of students with learning difficulties from the perspective of appreciation education in primary schools means that students with learning difficulties can know themselves, appreciate themselves, develop themselves and realize their self-worth under the appreciation education of educators. Accordingly, this paper discusses the significance and implementation strategies of self-appreciation of students with learning difficulties in appreciation education in primary schools.
Keywords: appreciation education, self-appreciation strategies for students with learning difficulties
Appreciation education is an educational idea that educators trust, respect, understand, encourage, tolerate and remind the educated according to the essential needs of people who are eager to be appreciated. Self-appreciation from the perspective of appreciation education in primary schools means that primary school students know themselves, appreciate themselves, develop themselves and realize their self-worth under the appreciation education of educators.
For students with learning difficulties in primary school, they can't get the affirmation of teachers and classmates in their studies, which is easy to form sensitive and inferior personality characteristics, and even worse, they will have a self-destructive learning attitude. These children especially want to be admired, liked and praised by others, and their first psychological need is the desire to respect teachers and other adults. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, people's higher-level needs are not only the most basic physiological and safety needs, but also the needs of respect. It is the highest psychological needs of people to be affirmed and appreciated by others and positively evaluated by society.
Atkinson, the representative figure of achievement motivation theory, believes that achievement motivation is the internal motivation of individuals to achieve a valuable social goal and can be cultivated through achievement motivation training. Students with high achievement motivation often pursue success, are not afraid of failure, and try their best to get good grades. Achievement motivation urges people to produce achievement behavior under certain social conditions and pursue social goals that people think are important. According to Atkinson's achievement motivation theory, there are three factors to define the intensity of achievement motivation: one is the stable individual motivation tendency to pursue achievement, which is a stable personality characteristic formed in people's life, which is manifested as the behavioral intensity of pursuing achievement; One is people's expectation of success, which is people's cognition of the probability of success of a task, which is manifested as their perception of the possibility of success; The other is the incentive value of success, that is, the emotional changes people experience when they succeed or fail, which are manifested as satisfaction.
According to this theory, the achievement motivation of students with learning difficulties is weak. If effective measures can be taken in this respect, students with learning difficulties will have great room for improvement. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to change the psychological state of students with learning difficulties through self-appreciation, provide positive emotional experience, and psychologically change students with learning difficulties, thus helping them "get out of the predicament".
So how to form self-appreciation? This requires the cooperation of teachers, parents and children to form a way of self-appreciation.
(A) from the perspective of teachers
1. Look at children with appreciation.
Teachers' appreciation of students can generate strong motivation, which not only brings good learning effect, but also promotes the healthy development of students' emotions. Therefore, the appreciation of teachers plays a vital role in children. It not only affects other students' views on students with learning difficulties, but also affects students with learning difficulties' views and affirmation of themselves. Therefore, teachers can treat students with appreciation, which can also help students gradually form a way of self-appreciation.
First of all, correct and objective analysis, understand students' physical and mental needs, understand students' psychological state, and praise and encourage them according to real needs. We should not force appreciation for a certain purpose, which will not only have no practical effect on the students themselves, but also affect the students around us, making them feel the hypocrisy of appreciation and lose trust in the teachers. Don't appreciate for the sake of appreciation. Excessive appreciation will lead to students' complacency and willfulness, and they cannot objectively and correctly evaluate themselves. If they encounter some bumps, they will be devastated. At the same time, educators should properly grasp appreciation, and different students have different degrees of appreciation. For example, timid and rigid students must be encouraged more and criticized less. Naughty and active students with poor grades should be good at grasping their bright spots, affirming and encouraging them in time, and fostering strengths and avoiding weaknesses. Good students and wayward students should appreciate it properly, put forward new and higher requirements or encourage him to overcome wayward behavior.
Secondly, teachers' appreciation should be emotional. Teachers' appreciation of students should be a natural expression of teachers' love, and they should use their emotions to inspire, awaken and inspire students in good faith.
2. Give a positive and effective evaluation.
Effective evaluation should be positive and appropriate. Students generally have a strong desire to express themselves, but students with learning difficulties can't get successful experience in their studies, so positive evaluation can stimulate students with learning difficulties' desire to express themselves and play an irreplaceable role in fully developing their personality. Positive and appropriate evaluation can motivate them to keep forging ahead, and persistent motivation can promote success. Teachers' evaluation of students with learning difficulties should acknowledge the individual differences of students, and strive to find the progress and strengths of students with learning difficulties with a developmental vision and vertical comparison, so as to fully protect their self-esteem and self-confidence. Let them gain confidence, self-confidence and motivation for further development in the "evaluation".
(B) from the perspective of students
1. Psychological suggestion
By reading stories, cases and other materials, let students with learning difficulties know that negative emotional attitudes and values will directly lead to academic backwardness; Positive emotions, attitudes and values can be the driving force for learning. Using the principle of example, this paper introduces examples of how to build confidence, improve self-confidence, and finally make progress and success.
2. Operation exercises
Besides knowing how to appreciate yourself in knowledge, it is also important to practice it every day. Psychologists have done an exercise: prepare a pen and paper and write down at least seven things you appreciate about yourself, at least three times a week. Over time, what the experimenter wrote about his appreciation began to become the highlight of appreciation. Why is this? The reason is that when you write down your advantages, you will always pay attention to whether this advantage has been brought into play. If this advantage cannot be appreciated by oneself, the experimenter will work harder to get recognition from others. Once you persist for more than a week, it becomes a habit and naturally becomes the appreciation point of others. To play its role, self-appreciation must be practiced frequently.
(C) From the perspective of parents
Parents, as direct guides and educators of children, should create a self-appreciating family environment for their children and help them learn to appreciate themselves. In daily life, let children know more about their correct behavior and progress. First of all, don't always look at children critically and explore their advantages and highlights. Secondly, put more encouragement and praise on words. Praise for children should not be unilateral "how are you", but can be appropriately replaced by "how am I". For example, "I'm so proud of you for working so hard today." Change it slightly: "You must be very proud to study so hard today." Arouse children's self-affirmation and gradually improve their confidence and motivation.
Parents should also encourage their children to praise themselves. We can tell our children how proud we are of them from morning till night, but sooner or later, children have to rely on their own inner motivation to move forward. Some children are so dependent on adults' approval that they don't even know how to know themselves. An easy way to help them is to point out what they did right, and then remind them to admit themselves from the heart. For example, when your child admits his mistake after doing something wrong, you can tell him, "You need a lot of courage to do this. You should say to yourself,' I did a right thing, a great thing'. " You can teach children to play a self-talk game: let them give themselves a name, a nickname, and call themselves that in their hearts. This can be a prominent title, such as "President", or a sweet nickname. Tell children that when they feel tired, fidgety and lazy, they will say to themselves, "Come on, smart boy, there is only one last question left. Let's finish it together. I know you can do it! " Tell children that when they have done their best, no matter what the final result is, they should praise themselves in their hearts: "Oh, I know you did what you should do, and you did a good job. I know you will do better next time. "
Self-appreciation is not only conducive to the smooth development of teachers' education and teaching, but also plays a positive role in the healthy growth and development of students with learning difficulties. As a scholar said, "Every child has great and immeasurable potential. Every child is a genius, and the potential of the universe is hidden in the heart of every child. " As long as they wake up in the process of self-appreciation, their great potential will be as overwhelming and unstoppable as a volcanic eruption! Let our children have a happy attitude and grow up healthily in a happy environment. Isn't this the greatest expectation of our parents and teachers?
;