Knowledge expansion:

Geographical environment is one of the factors that cannot be ignored in the development of human society. Geographical conditions, such as climate, landform and water resources, have a great influence on human beings in different regions.

Observing history from a geographical perspective can better understand the development track of a country or region and its differences with other regions. For example, areas with good geographical conditions may be more likely to form prosperous business centers, while areas with poor geographical conditions may lead to relatively backward economy. These differences can be explained by geography.

Geographical conditions can play a decisive role in the rise and fall of a nation and a country. In history, some countries have risen to be world powers because of their unique geographical positions, such as the Nile civilization in ancient Egypt, the Yellow River civilization in China and the Ganges civilization in India.

At the same time, some countries are facing problems such as war and lack of resources because of their unfavorable geographical position, which leads to their gradual decline in the historical process. By studying the relationship between geographical conditions and the rise and fall of nation-States, we can better understand the law of historical development.

Geographical conditions also have an important influence on cultural exchange and communication. Areas with superior geographical location will usually become the hub of different cultural exchanges and promote cultural integration and innovation. For example, the uniqueness of Europe's geographical location gave birth to the Renaissance and promoted the prosperity of European culture.

However, relatively remote areas may find it difficult to get in touch with foreign cultures, resulting in their own culture being conservative and closed. Observing history from a geographical perspective can better understand the interaction and development between different cultures.

Geographical conditions often become one of the important factors leading to wars and conflicts. Issues such as resource contention and territorial disputes are often closely related to geographical location.

Many wars in history are directly related to geographical conditions. By studying the relationship between geography and war, we can better understand the war behavior and conflict motivation in history.

Geographical materialism is a theoretical viewpoint that regards geographical conditions as the decisive factor of social and historical development. It holds that geographical environment has an important influence on the development of society and history, and it is a theoretical framework linking geography and history.

Understanding the theoretical basis of geographical materialism can deeply understand and analyze historical events and reveal their geographical laws.